王亚平成中国首位出舱女航天员

11月8日1时16分，经过约6.5小时的出舱活动，神舟十三号航天员翟志刚、王亚平安全返回天和核心舱，出舱活动圆满成功。

无注释原文：

Wang Yaping becomes first Chinese woman to complete spacewalk

CNN

Chinese astronaut Wang Yaping made history Sunday when she became the country's first woman to conduct a spacewalk, according to the national space agency.

Wang and fellow astronaut Zhai Zhigang, two of the three-member team currently at China's new Tiangong space station, successfully completed the 6.5 hour spacewalk in the early hours of Monday morning, according to the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA).

The third member of the Shenzhou-13 crew, Ye Guangfu, stayed on the space station to support the spacewalk from the core module.

During the spacewalk, the team installed a suspension device and transfer connectors to the station's robotic arm, according to state-run tabloid the Global Times. They also tested the safety of supporting equipment, including China's domestically produced spacesuit.

It's the first time the crew has exited the station since their arrival on October 16.

Shortly after stepping out of the space station's cabin on Sunday, Wang waved to audiences on Earth and said she felt great, in a video released by the flight control center that has since gone viral on Chinese social media.

Wang is China's second woman in space, after Liu Yang made history by joining the Shenzhou-9 spacecraft in 2012.

In an interview with CNN in 2015, Wang recounted the first moment she looked down on Earth from space.

"When I looked out of the window for the first time, I realized the true meaning of the power of life... that kind of beauty was just beyond comprehension," she said.

State media and CMSA highlighted her achievement as well after Sunday's successful spacewalk. Before Wang, only 15 women globally had conducted spacewalks since 1984, when Soviet astronaut Svetlana Savitskaya became the first to do so. So far, the vast majority of female spacewalkers have been American NASA astronauts.

Female spacewalkers are "an integral part of manned space," and Wang has left her mark on history thanks to her "bravery," said Yang Yuguang, Vice Chair of Space Transportation Committee for International Astronautical Federation, told the Global Times.

Despite the flowing praise for Wang, much of the coverage also included gendered language that perpetuated stereotypes on the differences between men and women.

For instance, female astronauts supposedly have the advantage of having a "gentle personality (that) is good for teamwork," according to the Global Times. The same article, citing a retired space researcher in Beijing, added that female astronauts are "more stable with adaptable mental states," are "more sensitive to any problems in their surroundings," and are better at communication than their male counterparts.

Another graphic in the article pointed out "special deliveries" provided for female astronauts, including makeup products, dessert, chocolates, and sanitary products.

The Shenzhou-13 crew will carry out one or two more spacewalks during their six-month stay -- the longest stint in space by Chinese astronauts.

China aims to have the station fully crewed and operational by December 2022 -- an ambitious target that appears to be on course. In September, three other Chinese astronauts successfully completed a three-month stay at the station, during which they worked on the station's core module and conducted two spacewalks to install equipment.

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注：中文文本为机器翻译仅供参考，并非一一对应

含注释全文：

Wang Yaping becomes first Chinese woman to complete spacewalk

CNN

Chinese astronaut Wang Yaping made history Sunday when she became the country's first woman to conduct a spacewalk, according to the national space agency.

据中国国家航天局，中国航天员王亚平周日创造了历史，她成为中国首位进行出舱活动的女航天员，迈出了中国女性舱外太空行走第一步。

spacewalk

表示“太空行走（宇航员在宇宙飞船外的活动）”，英文解释为“a period of time that an astronaut spends in space outside a spacecraft”，中文说的出舱活动，英文一般都用spacewalk.

📍看到conduct a spacewalk，细心的小伙伴可能要问了，既然spacewalk是可数的，标题里spacewalk前面怎么不加a？

Wang and fellow astronaut Zhai Zhigang, two of the three-member team currently at China's new Tiangong space station, successfully completed the 6.5 hour spacewalk in the early hours of Monday morning, according to the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA).

据中国载人航天工程办公室，王亚平和同伴翟志刚是目前在中国新天宫空间站的三人乘组中的两人，在周一凌晨成功完成了6.5小时的出舱活动。

fellow

fellow /ˈfeləʊ/ 表示“同类的；同事的；同伴的；同情况的”，英文解释为“used to describe sb who is the same as you in some way, or in the same situation”如：fellow members/citizens/workers 同一组织的成员；同胞；同事。

The third member of the Shenzhou-13 crew, Ye Guangfu, stayed on the space station to support the spacewalk from the core module.

神舟十三号机组的第三名成员叶光富留在空间站内，在核心舱为出舱活动提供支持。

module

module /ˈmɒdjuːl/ 表示“（航天器独立的）舱”，英文解释为“a part of a spacecraft that can operate independently of the other parts, especially when separate from them”。

During the spacewalk, the team installed a suspension device and transfer connectors to the station's robotic arm, according to state-run tabloid the Global Times. They also tested the safety of supporting equipment, including China's domestically produced spacesuit.

据《环球时报》报道，出舱活动期间，该团队为空间站的机械臂（robotic arm）安装了一个悬挂装置（suspension device）与转接件（transfer connector）。他们还测试了支持设备的安全性，包括中国的国产航天服。

install

表示“安装”，英文解释为“to put furniture, a machine, or a piece of equipment into position and make it ready to use”举个🌰：

The plumber is coming tomorrow to install the new washing machine.

水管工明天来安装新的洗衣机。

suspension

表示“（车辆的）悬架，减震装置”，英文解释为“equipment attached to the wheels of a vehicle that reduces the uncomfortable effects of going over road surfaces that are not even”

tabloid

tabloid /ˈtæblɔɪd/ 表示“通俗小报”，英文解释为“(sometimes disapproving) a newspaper of this size with short articles and a lot of pictures and stories about famous people, often thought of as less serious than other newspapers”举个🌰：

The story made the front page in all the tabloids.

这件事成了所有小报的头版新闻。

It's the first time the crew has exited the station since their arrival on October 16.

这是自10月16日抵达以来，乘组第一次离开空间站。

Shortly after stepping out of the space station's cabin on Sunday, Wang waved to audiences on Earth and said she felt great, in a video released by the flight control center that has since gone viral on Chinese social media.

周日，出舱后不久，王亚平向地球上的观众挥手，并说她感觉很好，在飞行控制中心发布的视频中，这段视频在中国社交媒体上疯传。

cabin

表示“船舱；机舱”，英文解释为“A cabin is a small room in a ship or boat. A cabin is one of the areas inside a plane.”举个🌰：

He showed her to a small cabin.

他把她带到一间小房舱。

viral

表示“（通过网络在个体之间迅速）病毒式的（传播）”，英文解释为“used to describe something that quickly becomes very popular or well known by being published on the internet or sent from person to person by email, phone, etc.”举个🌰：

Here's a list of the top ten viral videos this week.

以下是本周十大病毒式传播的视频。

📍常用短语 go viral，字面意思就是“像病毒一样传播、扩散”，引申为“走红，十分流行，疯狂传播”，比如朋友圈xxx刷屏了，也可以说go viral.

Wang is China's second woman in space, after Liu Yang made history by joining the Shenzhou-9 spacecraft in 2012.

在刘洋于2012年成为神舟九号飞行乘组成员，创造了历史之后，王亚平是中国第二个进入太空的女性。

In an interview with CNN in 2015, Wang recounted the first moment she looked down on Earth from space.

在2015年接受美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）的采访时，王亚平讲述了她第一次在太空中俯瞰地球。

recount

recount一词此前在《摩登情爱》：良莠不齐但时显魅力一文中出现过，A flashback-driven episode starring Dev Patel and Catherine Keener, in which the two leads recount stories of love and regret, is ultimately more effective. 在由戴夫·帕特尔（Dev Patel）和凯瑟琳·基纳（Catherine Keener）主演的倒叙一集中，两个主角讲述了爱与遗憾的故事，最终效果更好。

昨天在EDG夺冠后翻译小姐姐火了又重复出现了：As the longest-tenured player on EDward Gaming, he recounts how surreal it is to finally have this trophy. 作为在EDG任职时间最长的选手，他讲述了最终拥有这个奖杯是多么的梦幻。

📍recount表示“讲述；叙述；描述”，英文解释为“to describe how something happened, or to tell a story”举个🌰：

He recounted his adventures since he had left home.

他讲述了离家以后的很多奇遇。

"When I looked out of the window for the first time, I realized the true meaning of the power of life... that kind of beauty was just beyond comprehension," she said.

她说：“当我第一次看向窗外时，我意识到生命力量的真正含义......那种美是无法理解的，”

State media and CMSA highlighted her achievement as well after Sunday's successful spacewalk. Before Wang, only 15 women globally had conducted spacewalks since 1984, when Soviet astronaut Svetlana Savitskaya became the first to do so. So far, the vast majority of female spacewalkers have been American NASA astronauts.

周日成功出舱后，国家媒体和中国载人航天工程办公室也强调了她的成就。自1984年苏联宇航员斯韦特兰娜·萨维茨卡娅（Svetlana Savitskaya）成为世界首位女性太空行走者以来，在王亚平之前，全球只有15名女性进行过太空行走。到目前为止，绝大多数的女性太空行走者都是美国国家航空航天局的宇航员。

highlight

表示“使引起注意，强调”，英文解释为“to attract attention to or emphasize something important”举个🌰：

The report highlights the need for improved safety.

那份报告强调了加大安全力度的重要性。

⚠

下面CNN要开始阴阳怪气了

Female spacewalkers are "an integral part of manned space," and Wang has left her mark on history thanks to her "bravery," said Yang Yuguang, Vice Chair of Space Transportation Committee for International Astronautical Federation, told the Global Times.

国际宇航联空间运输委员会副主席杨宇光告诉《环球时报》，女性太空行走者是“载人航天的一个组成部分”，由于她的“勇敢”，王亚平在历史上留下了印记。

Despite the flowing praise for Wang, much of the coverage also included gendered language that perpetuated stereotypes on the differences between men and women.

尽管对王亚平大加赞赏，但许多报道也包括性别化的语言，延续了关于男女差异的刻板印象。

coverage

1）表示“新闻报道”，英文解释为“the reporting of news and sport in newspapers and on the radio and television”，如：media/newspaper/press coverage 媒体/报纸/报刊的报道。

2）表示“（书、课程学习、电视等的）信息范围，信息质量”，英文解释为“the range or quality of information that is included in a book or course of study, on television, etc.”，如：magazines with extensive coverage of diet and health topics 包含大量饮食与健康话题的杂志。

3）表示“提供的数量；覆盖范围”，英文解释为“the amount of sth that sth provides; the amount or way that sth covers an area”。

perpetuate

perpetuate /pəˈpɛtjʊˌeɪt/ 表示“使永久化；使持久化；使持续”，英文解释为“to make sth such as a bad situation, a belief, etc. continue for a long time”如：to perpetuate injustice 持续造成不公正。

📺美剧《我为喜剧狂》（30 Rock）第二季中的台词提到文中的两个词，perpetuate和stereotype：I don't want to perpetuate any black stereotypes. 字面意思：我不想加深任何黑人的成见；字幕组处理为：我不想听这些陈词滥调。

⚠️区分：perpetrate /ˈpɜːpətreɪt/ 表示“犯（罪）；做（错事）；干（坏事）”（to commit a crime or do sth wrong or evil），如：to perpetrate a crime/fraud 犯罪/行骗。

📍 perpetrator /ˈpɜːpətreɪtə(r)/表人，指的是“作恶者；犯罪者”，英文解释为“someone who does something morally wrong or illegal”。

📺美剧《疑犯追踪》（Person of Interest）的片头经典台词就有一句：But victim or perpetrator, if your number is up, we'll find you.（但无论是受害人还是行凶者,只要你的号码被列出来，我们就会找到你。）

stereotype

表示“模式化形象；成见；刻板印象”，英文解释为“A stereotype is a fixed general image or set of characteristics that a lot of people believe represent a particular type of person or thing.”举个🌰：

There's always been a stereotype about successful businessmen. 

对成功的商人们总有一种成见。

For instance, female astronauts supposedly have the advantage of having a "gentle personality (that) is good for teamwork," according to the Global Times. The same article, citing a retired space researcher in Beijing, added that female astronauts are "more stable with adaptable mental states," are "more sensitive to any problems in their surroundings," and are better at communication than their male counterparts.

例如，据《环球时报》报道，女航天员的优点是“个性温和，有利于团队合作”。同一篇文章援引北京一位退休的太空研究员的话说，女宇航员“心理状态更稳定，适应能力强”，“对周围的任何问题更敏感”，而且比男航天员更善于沟通。

adaptable

表示“有适应能力的，能适应的；适应性强的”，英文解释为“able or willing to change in order to suit different conditions”。

counterpart

counterpart一词经常出现，counter-表示“相反的；对立的；相应的”（opposite; against; in return; corresponding），和part一起就是“对立的，相应的事物”，从而表示“职位相当的人；作用相当的事物”，英文解释为“Someone's or something's counterpart is another person or thing that has a similar function or position in a different place.”

Another graphic in the article pointed out "special deliveries" provided for female astronauts, including makeup products, dessert, chocolates, and sanitary products.

文章中的另一张图片指出了为女航天员提供的“特殊礼物”，包括化妆品、甜点、巧克力和卫生用品。

make-up/makeup

表示“化妆品”，英文解释为“coloured substances used on your face to improve or change your appearance”举个🌰：

I put on a little eye make-up.

我在眼部上了淡妆。

sanitary

sanitary /ˈsænɪtərɪ/ 作形容词1）表示“清洁的，卫生的，于健康无害的”，英文解释为“clean and not causing any danger to people’s health”，举个🌰：

Often, the camps were not very sanitary.

营地里常常不太卫生。

2）或者是“有关卫生的，与健康有关的”，英文解释为“relating to the ways that dirt, infection, and waste are removed, so that places are clean and healthy for people to live in”，举个🌰：

Diseases were spread through poor sanitary conditions.

疾病因卫生条件很差而传播开来。

The Shenzhou-13 crew will carry out one or two more spacewalks during their six-month stay -- the longest stint in space by Chinese astronauts.

神舟十三号乘组将在他们六个月的停留期间再进行一次或两次出舱活动--这是中国航天员在太空中停留时间最长的一次。

crew

1）作名词，表示“全体船员；全体机务人员”，英文解释为“The crew of a ship, an aircraft, or a spacecraft is the people who work on and operate it.”举个🌰：

The mission for the crew of the space shuttle is essentially over.

航天飞机全体机务人员的使命基本完成。

2）作名词，表示“一组工作人员”，英文解释为“A crew is a group of people with special technical skills who work together on a task or project.”如：a two-man film crew making a documentary 一个制作纪录片的两人摄制组。

3）作动词，表示“当船员；充当…的船员”，英文解释为“If you crew a boat, you work on it as part of the crew.”举个🌰：

This neighbour crewed on a ferryboat. 

这位邻居在一艘渡船上当船员。

stint

1）作名词，表示“从事某项工作（或活动）的时间；一段时间”，英文解释为“a period of time that you spend working somewhere or doing a particular activity”举个🌰：

He did a stint abroad early in his career.

他早先在国外干过一段时间。

2）作动词，表示“节省；吝惜”，英文解释为“to provide or use only a small amount of sth”举个🌰：

She never stints on the food at her parties.

她举办聚会吃的东西从不小气。

🎬电影《已经开始想你》（Miss You Already）中的台词提到：Only for a short stint. 时间很短的。

China aims to have the station fully crewed and operational by December 2022 -- an ambitious target that appears to be on course. In September, three other Chinese astronauts successfully completed a three-month stay at the station, during which they worked on the station's core module and conducted two spacewalks to install equipment.

中国的目标是在2022年12月前让空间站完全配备人员并投入使用，这个雄心勃勃的目标似乎正在实现。9月，另外三名中国航天员成功完成了在空间站的三个月停留，在此期间，他们在空间站的核心舱工作，并进行了两次出舱活动以安装设备。

on course

表示“可能发生的；可能如愿以偿的”，英文解释为“likely to happen, or likely to succeed as planned”举个🌰：

We're on course for/to have record employment levels.

我们可能要创就业新纪录了。

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