福布斯公布2021年全球最具影响力女性榜单
近日，《福布斯》（Forbes）杂志公布2021年全球100位最具影响力女性榜单，美国超级富豪、亚马逊创始人之一 麦肯齐·斯科特（MacKenzie Scott）排名第一。此前，德国总理默克尔连续十年蝉联该榜单榜首。
无注释原文：
MacKenzie Scott Tops Forbes 18Th Annual Ranking Of The World’s Most Powerful Women
Forbes
Forbes today announced its 18th annual ranking of The World’s 100 Most Powerful Women, the definitive audit of the foremost CEOs and iconic entrepreneurs, heads of state, pioneer philanthropists and policy makers who are solving for society’s most intractable problems.
MacKenzie Scott tops this year’s ranking, replacing former German chancellor Angela Merkel, who ranked first for 15 of the prior 17 iterations of this list. Scott, who has donated her wealth at an unprecedented scale, has given away $8.6 billion of her fortune in charitable giving, including $2.7 billion this year alone.
In a new post, which details why Scott is the world's most powerful woman, ForbesWomen editor Maggie McGrath writes, “MacKenzie Scott is using her massive fortune to not only support nonprofits doing good work, but also to challenge the way wealth and power is accumulated in this country. No person has more autonomy, or money, to make a lasting impact on the world. And the way in which she’s deploying her capital is revolutionizing philanthropy.”
“At a time when the stakes have never been higher, the 2021 list represents a community of innovators and instigators who are leading on the world’s stage to redefine traditional power structures and forge lasting impact in every industry and sphere of influence,” says Forbes Executive Vice President, Moira Forbes.
U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris, the highest-ranking female politician in the country’s history, takes the #2 spot, followed by European Central Bank President Christine Lagarde who is one of only five women to have consecutively appeared on the list since its inception.
The power women on the 2021 list control or influence over $3.3 trillion in revenues and oversee 6.7 million employees. This year’s ranking also includes 14 billionaires, worth a combined $167 billion.
The list is broken into six categories including Business, Finance, Media & Entertainment, Philanthropy, Politics & Policy and Technology.
To coincide with the 2021 100 Most Powerful Women’s list, Forbes is hosting its 2021 Forbes Power Women’s Summit, taking place virtually on Thursday, December 9th. The gathering will explore how today’s most dynamic changemakers are leading a new way forward as we chart a course toward a post-pandemic world.
This year’s speaker lineup includes Sara Blakely, Founder and Executive Chairwoman, Spanx; Naomi Campbell, Supermodel & Activist; Dr. Jane Goodall, DBE, Founder, Jane Goodall Institute & UN Messenger Of Peace. Jennifer Hyman, Cofounder and CEO, Rent The Runway; Indra Nooyi, Former Chairman & CEO, PepsiCo, and more.
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注：中文文本为机器翻译仅供参考，并非一一对应
含注释全文：
MacKenzie Scott Tops Forbes 18Th Annual Ranking Of The World’s Most Powerful Women
Forbes
Forbes today announced its 18th annual ranking of The World's 100 Most Powerful Women, the definitive audit of the foremost CEOs and iconic entrepreneurs, heads of state, pioneer philanthropists and policy makers who are solving for society's most intractable problems.
《福布斯》（Forbes）今天公布了第18届全球100位最有影响力了的女性的年度榜单，这是对解决社会最棘手问题，最著名的首席执行官、企业家、国家元首、先锋慈善家和政策制定者的权威盘点。
definitive
1）表示“最终的，决定性的；不可更改的”，英文解释为“not able to be changed or improved”如：a definitive judgment/ruling 最终的判决；
2）表示“最佳的；最完整可靠的”，英文解释为“considered to be the best of its type”举个🌰：
He's written the definitive guide to Thailand.
他写出了最完整可靠的泰国旅游指南。
audit
表示“查…的账目；审计”，英文解释为“an official examination of the accounts of a business”举个🌰：
The company has an audit at the end of each financial year.
这家公司在每个财政年度的年末都要进行一次审计。
philanthropist
philanthropist /fɪˈlænθrəpɪst/ 表示“慈善家”，英文解释为“A philanthropist is someone who freely gives money and help to people who need it.”
intractable
表示“难驾驭的；难对付的；难解决的”，英文解释为“very difficult or impossible to control, manage, or solve”举个🌰：
We are facing an intractable problem.
我们面临着一个棘手的问题。
MacKenzie Scott tops this year' ranking, replacing former German chancellor Angela Merkel, who ranked first for 15 of the prior 17 iterations of this list. Scott, who has donated her wealth at an unprecedented scale, has given away $8.6 billion of her fortune in charitable giving, including $2.7 billion this year alone.
麦肯齐·斯科特（MacKenzie Scott）在今年的排名中名列前茅，取代了德国前总理安格拉·默克尔（Angela Merkel），后者在该榜单之前的17次榜单中有15次排名第一。斯科特以前所未有的规模捐赠了她的财富，她在慈善捐赠中捐出了86亿美元，其中仅今年就捐赠了27亿美元。
总理
chancellor /ˈtʃɑːnsələ, -slə/表示“（某些国家的）总理，首相”，英文解释为“the leader of the government or the main government minister of some countries”，比如：德国总理用的是Chancellor；
prime minister 表示“总理；首相”，英文解释为“The leader of the government in some countries is called the prime minister.”
📍还有另一个词：Premier：The leader of the government of a country is sometimes referred to as the country's premier 总理。
iteration
1）表示“反复（通常为了作出改善而重复做某事）”，英文解释为“the process of doing something again and again, usually to improve it, or one of the times you do it”如：the repetition and iteration that goes on in designing something 在设计某物时的重复与反复修改。
2）表示“迭代，叠代（数学里若干次使用一个数学法则得出的量）”，英文解释为“an amount that you get when you use a mathematical rule several times”。
unprecedented
表示“史无前例的，空前的；绝无仅有的”，英文解释为“never having happened or existed in the past”举个🌰：
This century has witnessed environmental destruction on an unprecedented scale.
环境在本世纪遭到了空前的破坏。
🎬电影《星运里的错》（The Fault in Our Stars）中的台词提到：You are so busy being you that you have no idea how utterly unprecedented you are. 你太忙于做自己 都没有意识到自己是那么的令人心动。
In a new post, which details why Scott is the world's most powerful woman, ForbesWomen editor Maggie McGrath writes, “MacKenzie Scott is using her massive fortune to not only support nonprofits doing good work, but also to challenge the way wealth and power is accumulated in this country. No person has more autonomy, or money, to make a lasting impact on the world. And the way in which she's deploying her capital is revolutionizing philanthropy.”
在一篇新的文章中，详细说明了为什么斯科特是世界上最具影响力女性，《福布斯女性》编辑玛吉·麦克格拉斯（Maggie McGrath）写道：“麦肯齐·斯科特正在利用她的巨额财富，不仅支持非营利组织做善事，而且还对这个国家积累财富和权力的方式发出质疑。没有人有更多的自主权、金钱来对世界产生持久的影响。而她利用其资本的方式正在彻底改变慈善事业。”
accumulate
表示“积累；积聚；积攒”，英文解释为“to collect a large number of things over a long period of time”举个🌰：
As people accumulate more wealth, they tend to spend a greater proportion of their incomes.
人们积累了更多财富后，他们的花费占收入的比重也往往会增加。
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述疫情期间房价上涨的文章中提到：Professionals who have carried on working from home but cut back on their spending have accumulated cash to splash. 那些改换成在家中继续工作但减少了开支的专业人士则积攒了可大笔支出的现金。
对比：
📍amass 表示“（尤指大量）积累，积聚”，英文解释为“to collect sth, especially in large quantities”举个🌰：
He amassed a fortune from delivering newspapers.
他靠送报纸积累了一笔财富。
📍rack up表示“大量获得（利润）；严重遭受（损失）；（体育中）多次赢得（比赛）”，英文解释为“If a business racks up profits, losses, or sales, it makes a lot of them. If a sportsman, sportswoman, or team racks up wins, they win a lot of games or races.”
autonomy
表示“自主，自主权”，英文解释为“the ability to make your own decisions without being controlled by anyone else”
deploy
1) 表示“利用，调动（尤指想法、论据等）”，英文解释为“to use something for a particular purpose, especially ideas, arguments etc”，如：a job in which a variety of professional skills will be deployed 要用到多项专业技术的工作。
2) 表示“部署，调度（士兵、军事装备等）”，英文解释为“to organize or move soldiers, military equipment etc so that they are in the right place and ready to be used”，如：deploy forces/troops/weapons etc，NATO's decision to deploy cruise missiles 北约要部署巡航导弹的决定。
revolutionize
表示“使发生革命性剧变；在…方面引起突破性变革”，英文解释为“to completely change something so that it is much better”举个🌰：
Newton's discoveries revolutionized physics.
牛顿的发现使物理学发生了革命性剧变。
philanthropy
philanthropy /fɪˈlænθrəpɪ/ 表示“博爱；慈善；乐善好施”，英文解释为“the practice of helping the poor and those in need, especially by giving money”。
“At a time when the stakes have never been higher, the 2021 list represents a community of innovators and instigators who are leading on the world's stage to redefine traditional power structures and forge lasting impact in every industry and sphere of influence,” says Forbes Executive Vice President, Moira Forbes.
《福布斯》执行副总裁莫伊拉·福布斯（Moira Forbes）说：“在风险从未如此之高的时代，2021年的榜单代表了一个创新者和激励者的群体，他们正在世界舞台上引领重新定义传统的权力结构，并在每个行业和领域形成持久影响。”
instigator
表示“发起人；（尤指）唆使者，煽动者，怂恿者”，一般是指坏事，英文解释为“a person who causes sth to happen, especially sth bad”。
forge
1）表示“努力地缔造；艰苦干成；努力加强”，英文解释为“If one person or institution forges an agreement or relationship with another, they create it with a lot of hard work, hoping that it will be strong or lasting.”举个🌰：
They agreed to forge closer economic ties.
他们同意建立更密切的经济联系。
2）表示“伪造 (纸币、文件或画作等)”，英文解释为“If someone forges something such as paper money, a document, or a painting, they copy it or make it so that it looks genuine, in order to deceive people.”举个🌰：
He admitted three charges including forging passports.
他承认了包括伪造护照在内的3项罪名。
sphere
sphere /sfɪə/ 1）表示“球，圆球；球状物”，英文解释为“an object shaped like a round ball”；
2）表示“（活动、兴趣的）领域”，英文解释为“A sphere of activity or interest is a particular area of activity or interest.”如：the sphere of international politics 国际政治领域，different social spheres 不同的社会圈子。
U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris, the highest-ranking female politician in the country's history, takes the #2 spot, followed by European Central Bank President Christine Lagarde who is one of only five women to have consecutively appeared on the list since its inception.
美国副总统卡玛拉·哈里斯（Kamala Harris）是美国历史上排名最高的女政治家，位居第二位，紧随其后的是欧洲中央银行行长克里斯蒂娜·拉加德（Christine Lagarde），她是该榜单评选以来连续上榜的仅有的五位女性之一。
consecutively
consecutively 副词，consecutive 形容词，表示“连续的，不间断的”，英文解释为“numbers or periods of time follow one after the other without any interruptions”举个🌰：
It had rained for four consecutive days.
雨接连下了四天。
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述绿色风投的文章中提到：Last year taxpayer-funded green-energy R&D around the world rose for the third consecutive year, to a record $25.4bn, accroding to the IEA. 根据国际能源署的数据，去年全球受政府资助的绿色能源研发连续第三年增长，达到创纪录的254亿美元。
inception
表示“（机构、组织等的）开端，创始”，英文解释为“the start of an institution, an organization, etc.”举个🌰：
The account has grown rapidly since its inception in 2015.
这个账号自从2015年成立以来发展迅速。
The power women on the 2021 list control or influence over $3.3 trillion in revenues and oversee 6.7 million employees. This year's ranking also includes 14 billionaires, worth a combined $167 billion.
2021年榜单上的女性控制或影响着超过3.3万亿美元的收入，管理着670万名员工。今年的排名还包括14位亿万富翁，身价总计1670亿美元。
oversee
表示“监督；监察；监管”，英文解释为“to watch or organize a job or an activity to make certain that it is being done correctly”举个🌰：
As marketing manager, her job is to oversee all the company's advertising.
作为营销经理，她的工作是负责公司所有的广告业务。
The list is broken into six categories including Business, Finance, Media & Entertainment, Philanthropy, Politics & Policy and Technology.
榜单分为六个类别，包括商业、金融、媒体和娱乐、慈善事业、政治和政策以及技术。
To coincide with the 2021 100 Most Powerful Women's list, Forbes is hosting its 2021 Forbes Power Women's Summit, taking place virtually on Thursday, December 9th. The gathering will explore how today's most dynamic changemakers are leading a new way forward as we chart a course toward a post-pandemic world.
福布斯将于12月9日星期四线上举办2021年福布斯影响力女性峰会，同时发布2021年100位最有影响力的女性榜单。这次峰会将探讨当今最具活力的变革者如何在我们为后疫情世界制定路线时引领新的前进方向。
coincide
1）表示“（两件或更多的事情）同时发生”，英文解释为“(of two or more events) to take place at the same time”举个🌰：
It's a pity our trips to Hangzhou don't coincide.
真遗憾我们不能同一时间去杭州旅行。
I timed my holiday to coincide with the children's.
我把我的假期安排在孩子们学校放假的时候。
2）表示“（想法、意见等）相同；相符；极为类似”，英文解释为“(of ideas, opinions, etc.) to be the same or very similar”举个🌰：
The interests of employers and employees do not always coincide.
雇主和雇员的利益并不总是一致的。
chart
熟词僻义，作动词，表示“制定（行动计划）”，英文解释为“to arrange a plan of action”举个🌰：
She had carefully charted her route to the top of her profession.
她周密地制订了达到她职业巅峰的行动计划。
This year's speaker lineup includes Sara Blakely, Founder and Executive Chairwoman, Spanx; Naomi Campbell, Supermodel & Activist; Dr. Jane Goodall, DBE, Founder, Jane Goodall Institute & UN Messenger Of Peace. Jennifer Hyman, Cofounder and CEO, Rent The Runway; Indra Nooyi, Former Chairman & CEO, PepsiCo, and more.
今年的演讲者阵容包括Spanx的创始人兼执行主席萨拉·布雷克里（Sara Blakely）；超模和活动家娜奥米·坎贝尔（Naomi Campbell）；大英帝国高级女爵士勋章获得者（DBE）、珍·古道尔研究所（Jane Goodall Institute）创始人、联合国和平使者珍·古道尔博士（Dr. Jane Goodall）。Rent The Runway联合创始人兼首席执行官珍妮弗·海曼（Jennifer Hyman）；百事公司前董事长兼首席执行官英德拉·诺伊（Indra Nooyi）等等。
lineup
表示“阵容；阵列”，可以理解为产品线，英文解释为“A lineup is a group of people or a series of things that have been gathered together to be part of a particular event.”举个🌰：
One player sure to be in the lineup is star midfielder Tom.
肯定列入该阵容的一名球员是中场球星汤姆。
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