上海加油！
希望疫情早日结束。
无注释原文：
Shanghai Avoided Covid Disaster for Two Years. Now We’re Locked Down.
The New York Times
April 5, 2022
The volunteers in full protective gear — called big whites here in China — have packed up and moved on for the day; the apartment complex where I live is once again sequestered in silence. From my 18th-floor window, I can see the koi ponds and gardens below, empty; the hedge maze, empty; the fountain, somehow turned off, its waters unmoving as though in allegiance, in reprieve.
It is Day 1 of lockdown here in Puxi, our half of Shanghai west of the Huangpu River, and we have just finished our first round of city-sponsored Covid testing. Through our building’s WeChat group (one of 19 group chats for the 19 buildings in my complex), we were called down floor by floor by our assigned big white.
In our lobby, a big white was stationed, taking roll call. Another acted as traffic controller, motioning for us to walk to the left. My mother-in-law, who lives with us, managed the social distancing between our family and our neighbors while my husband and I held our two children, 2 years old and 6 months old, both unvaccinated, between us. QR, or quick response, codes were scanned and uploaded onto the government-run cloud, where our results are accessed. We were swabbed and then rushed back to our apartment. In the elevator, a big white got out on the seventh floor. A few residents had not yet gone down for testing. As the elevator doors slowly closed, we saw him knocking on their door.
In February 2020, when those of us in Shanghai first locked down against Covid-19, my older child was only 9 months old. During that lockdown, Wuhan was victim to the mystery virus. Conjectures and rumors abounded. The death rate was high. Lockdown felt necessary. The fear was real.
But the two years since then have been blissfully free of the worries of Covid-19. Although the unvaccinated among us remain at high risk now, living in a country that embraced a Covid-zero policy meant our lives were largely normal. While family and friends in the United States suffered long stretches of school closures and working from home, here in Shanghai my daughter went on play dates and enrolled in preschool, and my husband and I had our second child. Occasionally we wore masks. Most of the time we didn’t.
This most recent infiltration of the Omicron subvariant BA.2 is unnerving because we are so used to a life unaffected by Covid-19. Lockdown may feel necessary and acceptable to most: a short period of suffering for potential long-term gain, even while there is grumbling about the prospect that a brief lockdown may turn into a much longer one. But so far, at least among my friends and neighbors, it is just grumbling. We are not yet victims of Covid fatigue.
People will get tired, though, if the situation doesn’t change. They will tire of lockdowns, of working from home, of entertaining children who can’t go to school. These are Covid experiences long familiar to those outside China.
Because I am vaccinated, I worry less about getting sick than about being removed from my family if I test positive. With my son still breastfeeding, stubbornly refusing a bottle and allergic to formula, this would be a nightmare scenario.
Right now in Shanghai, the just-completed half-city lockdown of Pudong is being extended in various ways. If your building has a case, the entire building will be locked down for 14 days. If your apartment complex has a case, you are locked down in your apartment for seven days, followed by a seven-day quarantine within your complex gates. If your subdistrict has a case, you are locked within your complex grounds for seven days. If your subdistrict has no cases, you are free to move around. In all cases, the person who tested positive for the coronavirus is taken away to central quarantine.
I told my husband that I would be happiest if we happened to fall under the third scenario: Our apartment complex would be locked down, but we could go out to enjoy the air, the community gardens, hedges and paths. I realized that my thinking was very Chinese: to enjoy freedom within strict borders, albeit with a virus raging rampant outside. The fourth option, the freedom to move around Shanghai, felt too large, too precarious. I have, over the past couple of years, become more and more isolationist — within China, within Shanghai, within Changning, within Gubei.
People are hoarding food and supplies, getting into fights over resources. Neighbors are ratting one another out as potential carriers.
In our apartment complex last week, one antigen test came back positive in a building nearby. As a result, all residents of that building would be placed under lockdown. In my building, which was all clear, a man had spotted a woman bringing a box of household items in through the basement. He asked where she was coming from, and when she said the locked-down building, he informed our group chat about her. It so happened that she was also in the group chat because she owns apartments in both buildings and she had been told by the management to leave the building with the positive case. A vicious and long argument ensued between the man and the woman in the form of voice memos. Various allegations and insults were thrown, the most innocuous of which were “coward,” and “traitor.” In the end, the test had been a false positive.
At the same time, there are multitudes of volunteers who are selflessly giving their time and energy to assist with the citywide testing effort. Some neighbors in my community are sharing produce: One man who owns a local gym lays out bags and bags of groceries daily outside his business for anyone to take. So far, the situation doesn’t feel dire and hostile. People are still mostly energetic, optimistic and generous.
China is now following the rest of the world, experiencing major surges in cases. We are lucky to have been protected for two years and to now be exposed to the virus when more people are vaccinated. Before Covid fatigue sets in and before lasting damage is done to communities, families and relationships, I hope we can figure out a way to gracefully let down our boundaries.
- ◆ -
注：中文文本为纽约时报官方译文，仅供参考
含注释全文：
Shanghai Avoided Covid Disaster for Two Years. Now We’re Locked Down.
在封锁中的上海，我们活得越来越像一座孤岛
The New York Times
April 5, 2022
The volunteers in full protective gear — called big whites here in China — have packed up and moved on for the day; the apartment complex where I live is once again sequestered in silence. From my 18th-floor window, I can see the koi ponds and gardens below, empty; the hedge maze, empty; the fountain, somehow turned off, its waters unmoving as though in allegiance, in reprieve.
身穿全套防护装备、在中国被称为“大白”的志愿者已经结束了一天的工作；我所住的小区又被隔离在寂静之中。从18楼的窗户望出去，我能看到楼下观赏鱼池和花园空荡荡的；层叠掩映的树篱空无一人；喷泉不知怎地关闭了，水面静止，仿佛在宣誓臣服，在宣告终止。
gear
表示“（从事某活动的）装备，用具，衣服”，英文解释为“the equipment, clothes, etc. that you use to do a particular activity”，如：fishing/camping gear 钓鱼/野营用具，又是联邦快递！文中提到华为公司时用的telecom-gear maker 通讯/电信设备制造商。
📍gear可以指衣服（clothes），如：all the latest gear 最新潮的衣服。
complex
表示“建筑群；综合大楼”，英文解释为“A complex is a group of buildings designed for a particular purpose, or one large building divided into several smaller areas.”如：a shopping/sports and leisure complex 购物/运动休闲中心，a low-cost apartment complex 一个低价公寓楼群。
sequestered
sequestered /sɪˈkwes.təd/ 表示“僻静的，幽静的”，英文解释为“A sequestered place is peaceful because it is far away from people.”举个🌰：
I found a sequestered spot in the park and lay down with my book.
我在花园的深处找到一个幽静的地方，于是躺下来看书。
koi
表示“锦鲤（观赏鱼，源自日本）”，英文解释为“a large fish originally from Japan, often kept in fish ponds”
hedge
表示“（尤指花园、田块或马路边缘的）树篱”，英文解释为“a line of bushes or small trees planted very close together, especially along the edge of a garden, field, or road”
maze
1）表示“（供娱乐用的）曲径，迷宫”，英文解释为“a complicated system of paths or passages that people try to find their way through for entertainment”；
2）表示“迷宫似的区域”，英文解释为“an area in which you can get easily lost because there are so many similar streets or passages”举个🌰：
The old part of the town was a maze of narrow passages.
老城区通道狭窄，纵横交错，简直就是一座迷宫。
fountain
fountain /ˈfaʊn.tɪn/ 表示“泉水；（尤指具有装饰效果的）喷泉”，英文解释为“a stream of water that is forced up into the air through a small hole, especially for decorative effect, or the structure in a lake or pool from which this flows”
allegiance
allegiance /əˈliː.dʒəns/ 表示“（对国家、群体或信仰的）忠诚，忠贞；拥戴，拥护”，英文解释为“loyalty and support for a ruler, country, group, or belief”举个🌰：
Soldiers have to swear allegiance to the Crown/the King.
士兵必须宣誓效忠国王。
reprieve
reprieve /rɪˈpriːv/ 1）表示“暂时解救；暂时缓解”，英文解释为“an escape from a bad situation or experience”举个🌰：
The injection provided a temporary reprieve from the pain.
注射了一针后，疼痛暂时缓解了。
2）表示“（尤指对死刑的）撤销令，缓刑令”，英文解释为“an official order that stops or delays the punishment, especially by death, of a prisoner”。
It is Day 1 of lockdown here in Puxi, our half of Shanghai west of the Huangpu River, and we have just finished our first round of city-sponsored Covid testing. Through our building's WeChat group (one of 19 group chats for the 19 buildings in my complex), we were called down floor by floor by our assigned big white.
这是浦西被封的第一天，在这黄浦江以西的半个上海市区，我们刚完成了第一轮由市政府出资的新冠检测。通过楼栋微信群（我所在小区19栋住宅的19个群之一），我们被分管的“大白”按楼层分批叫下楼。
In our lobby, a big white was stationed, taking roll call. Another acted as traffic controller, motioning for us to walk to the left. My mother-in-law, who lives with us, managed the social distancing between our family and our neighbors while my husband and I held our two children, 2 years old and 6 months old, both unvaccinated, between us. QR, or quick response, codes were scanned and uploaded onto the government-run cloud, where our results are accessed. We were swabbed and then rushed back to our apartment. In the elevator, a big white got out on the seventh floor. A few residents had not yet gone down for testing. As the elevator doors slowly closed, we saw him knocking on their door.
在楼下大堂，一位值守的“大白”在点名。另一位充当了调度员，示意我们往左走。与我们同住的婆婆努力让我们全家与邻居保持社交距离，而我和丈夫则抱着两个孩子，一个两岁，一个半岁，都没有接种疫苗。二维码被扫描后上传到政府运营的云服务上，我们可以在那里看到结果。我们接受了拭子检测，然后被匆匆赶回屋中。一位“大白”在七楼下了电梯。一些居民还没有下楼接受检测。电梯门缓慢关闭时，我们看见他在敲他们的门。
station
作动词，表示“安置；使（尤指士兵）驻扎”，英文解释为“to cause especially soldiers to be in a particular place to do a job”举个🌰：
I hear your son's in the army - where's he stationed?
我听说你儿子在部队——他驻扎在哪里？
take/call the roll
表示“点名”，英文解释为“If you take/call the roll, you read aloud the names of all the people on the list to make certain that they are present.”举个🌰：
The teacher called the roll to see if any students were absent.
老师点名看是否有学生缺勤。
QR code
全称Quick Response Code. 表示“二维码”，英文解释为“a pattern of black-and-white squares that is printed on something and that can be read by some types of mobile phone to give information to the user of the phone”。
📍条形码/条码呢？Barcode.
swab
swab /swɒb/ 作名词，表示“（医用的）拭子，药签”，英文解释为“a piece of soft material used by a doctor, nurse, etc. for cleaning wounds or taking a sample from sb's body for testing”。
作动词，表示“用棉花棒清理（伤口）；用药签取下（化验标本）”，英文解释为“to clean a cut or take a small amount of substance from a body using a small piece of soft material”。
In February 2020, when those of us in Shanghai first locked down against Covid-19, my older child was only 9 months old. During that lockdown, Wuhan was victim to the mystery virus. Conjectures and rumors abounded. The death rate was high. Lockdown felt necessary. The fear was real.
2020年2月，我们这些上海居民第一次遭遇新冠封锁的时候，我最大的孩子只有九个月。在那次封锁期间，神秘的病毒在武汉肆虐。猜测和谣言漫天飞。死亡率很高。感觉封锁很有必要。人们是真的很害怕。
conjecture
表示“推测；猜测；猜想；臆断”，英文解释为“a guess about something based on how it seems and not on proof”举个🌰：
There's been a lot of conjecture in the media recently about the marriage.
近期报纸上对这桩婚姻大加猜测。
abound
表示“大量存在；有许多”，英文解释为“to exist in great numbers or quantities”举个🌰：
Stories about his travels abound.
有关他游历的故事多得很。
🎬电影《刺杀肯尼迪》（JFK）中的台词提到：In Washington, rumors abound that JFK has cut a secret deal with Russian Premier Khrushchev 在华盛顿 有谣传说肯尼迪和苏联总理赫鲁晓夫有暗盘交易。
But the two years since then have been blissfully free of the worries of Covid-19. Although the unvaccinated among us remain at high risk now, living in a country that embraced a Covid-zero policy meant our lives were largely normal. While family and friends in the United States suffered long stretches of school closures and working from home, here in Shanghai my daughter went on play dates and enrolled in preschool, and my husband and I had our second child. Occasionally we wore masks. Most of the time we didn’t.
但在此后两年时间里，人们摆脱了对新冠疫情的担忧。尽管未接种疫苗的人现仍面临很高风险，但在一个奉行新冠清零政策的国家，我们的生活基本是正常的。在美国亲友遭遇学校长期停课、需要在家工作的情况时，在上海，我的女儿可以继续参加儿童聚会，开始上幼儿园，我和丈夫也有了第二个孩子。我们偶尔才佩戴口罩。大部分时候都不需要。
stretch
表示“（连续的）一段时间”，英文解释为“a continuous period of time”举个🌰：
The elderly generally need far less rest than the young, and tend to sleep in several short stretches.
年长者一般需要的休息时间比年轻人要少得多，而且往往会分成几个小段时间睡觉。
This most recent infiltration of the Omicron subvariant BA.2 is unnerving because we are so used to a life unaffected by Covid-19. Lockdown may feel necessary and acceptable to most: a short period of suffering for potential long-term gain, even while there is grumbling about the prospect that a brief lockdown may turn into a much longer one. But so far, at least among my friends and neighbors, it is just grumbling. We are not yet victims of Covid fatigue.
最近扩散开来的奥密克戎亚型变异株BA.2令人不安，因为我们已经太过习惯不受新冠影响的生活。可能在大多数人看来，封锁是必要的，也是可以接受的：这是为了潜在的长期利益而忍受短暂的痛苦，尽管有人抱怨称，短期封锁可能变得更长。但到目前为止，至少在我的朋友和邻居里，这也只是抱怨。我们还没有遭遇新冠疲劳。
unnerve
表示“使紧张；使缺乏信心；使恐惧”，英文解释为“to make someone feel less confident and slightly frightened”举个🌰：
I think it unnerved me to be interviewed by so many people.
这么多人来面试我，让我很紧张。
grumble
grumble /ˈɡrʌm.bəl/ 表示“发牢骚，抱怨，嘟囔”，英文解释为“to complain about someone or something in an annoyed way”举个🌰：
She spent the evening grumbling to me about her job.
她一晚上都在向我抱怨她的工作。
📍mustn't grumble表示“没有什么好抱怨的，日子过得还不错”，英文解释为“something you say to mean that your life is not bad and that you should not complain about it”举个🌰：
"How's it going then, LR?" "Oh, not too bad. Mustn't grumble."
“那么，一切还好吧，卤肉？”“哦，挺好，没有什么好抱怨的。”
🎬电影《老爸上战场》（Dad's Army）中的台词提到：But one mustn't grumble. 字幕组译为：差强人意啦。
fatigue
fatigue /fəˈtiːɡ/ 表示“疲劳；劳累”，英文解释为“a feeling of being extremely tired, usually because of hard work or exercise”，如：physical and mental fatigue 身体和精神的疲劳。
People will get tired, though, if the situation doesn’t change. They will tire of lockdowns, of working from home, of entertaining children who can’t go to school. These are Covid experiences long familiar to those outside China.
但现状若是不变，人们总会厌倦。他们会受够封锁，受够在家工作，受够陪不能上学的小孩玩耍。这都是中国以外的人长期以来非常熟悉的新冠经历。
Because I am vaccinated, I worry less about getting sick than about being removed from my family if I test positive. With my son still breastfeeding, stubbornly refusing a bottle and allergic to formula, this would be a nightmare scenario.
因为我接种了疫苗，比起生病，我更担心的是如果我检测出阳性，会被迫与家人分开。我的儿子还在母乳喂养，他怎么都不肯用奶瓶，还对配方奶粉过敏，与他分开将会是一场噩梦。
allergic
表示“过敏的”，英文解释为“If you are allergic to something, you become ill or get a rash when you eat it, smell it, or touch it.”举个🌰：
I'm allergic to cats.
我对猫过敏。
Right now in Shanghai, the just-completed half-city lockdown of Pudong is being extended in various ways. If your building has a case, the entire building will be locked down for 14 days. If your apartment complex has a case, you are locked down in your apartment for seven days, followed by a seven-day quarantine within your complex gates. If your subdistrict has a case, you are locked within your complex grounds for seven days. If your subdistrict has no cases, you are free to move around. In all cases, the person who tested positive for the coronavirus is taken away to central quarantine.
眼下在上海，浦东这半个城区刚刚结束的封锁正在以各种方式被延长。如果你所住楼栋出现病例，整栋楼都将被封锁14天。如果你所在小区出现病例，也要足不出户七天，然后在小区内继续被隔离七天。如果你所在街道出现病例，那么你七天都不能离开小区附近。若是街道没有病例，你才可以自由走动。不管是哪种情况，被检测出阳性的人都会被带走集中隔离。
I told my husband that I would be happiest if we happened to fall under the third scenario: Our apartment complex would be locked down, but we could go out to enjoy the air, the community gardens, hedges and paths. I realized that my thinking was very Chinese: to enjoy freedom within strict borders, albeit with a virus raging rampant outside. The fourth option, the freedom to move around Shanghai, felt too large, too precarious. I have, over the past couple of years, become more and more isolationist — within China, within Shanghai, within Changning, within Gubei.
我告诉丈夫，如果我们刚好属于第三种情况，那我就再开心不过了：小区会被封锁，但我们可以出门享受新鲜空气、小区花园、树篱和小径。我意识到，我的想法非常中式：尽管病毒在外肆虐，我在严格的边界内享受自由就可以了。第四个选择，也就是在上海自由活动，感觉太过头、太多不确定了。过去这几年，我越来越像个孤立主义者——孤立在中国，在上海，在长宁，在古北。
albeit
albeit /ɔːlˈbiː.ɪt/ 表示“尽管；虽然”，英文解释为“although”举个🌰：
He finally agreed, albeit reluctantly, to help us.
尽管勉强，他最后还是同意帮助我们。
rage
作动词，表示“激烈进行；猛烈发作；肆虐”，英文解释为“to happen in a strong or violent way”举个🌰：
The storm raged outside.
屋外暴风雨大作。
作名词，表示“（一阵）盛怒；（一阵）狂怒；（一阵）暴怒”，英文解释为“(a period of) extreme or violent anger”举个🌰：
I was frightened because I had never seen him in such a rage before.
以前从未见他如此狂怒，我被吓坏了。
rampant
rampant /ˈræmpənt/ 表示“泛滥的；猖獗的”，英文解释为“existing or spreading everywhere in a way that cannot be controlled”举个🌰：
Unemployment is now rampant in most of Europe.
在欧洲的大部分地区，失业问题难以控制。
precarious
表示“（形势）不稳定的，不确定的，危险的”，英文解释为“A precarious situation is likely to get worse.”举个🌰：
Many borrowers now find themselves caught in a precarious financial position.
许多借款人现在发现自己陷入了不稳定的财务状况。
People are hoarding food and supplies, getting into fights over resources. Neighbors are ratting one another out as potential carriers.
人们都在囤积食品物资，为争夺资源大打出手。邻里之间互相揭发潜在的病毒携带者。
hoard
hoard /hɔːd/ 表示“贮藏，囤积”，英文解释为“If you hoard things such as food or money, you save or store them, often in secret, because they are valuable or important to you”举个🌰：
They've begun to hoard food and petrol and save their money.
他们已开始贮藏食物和汽油并攒钱。
In our apartment complex last week, one antigen test came back positive in a building nearby. As a result, all residents of that building would be placed under lockdown. In my building, which was all clear, a man had spotted a woman bringing a box of household items in through the basement. He asked where she was coming from, and when she said the locked-down building, he informed our group chat about her. It so happened that she was also in the group chat because she owns apartments in both buildings and she had been told by the management to leave the building with the positive case. A vicious and long argument ensued between the man and the woman in the form of voice memos. Various allegations and insults were thrown, the most innocuous of which were “coward,” and “traitor.” In the end, the test had been a false positive.
上周在我们小区，附近楼栋出现了一例抗原检测阳性。结果，楼里所有住户都被封锁。我家楼栋没出阳性，有个男人看到一个女人从地下室带了一箱居家用品进来。他问她从哪里来，当她说自己来自被封锁的那栋楼时，他在群聊里把这一情况告知了大家。碰巧的是，她也在群聊中，因为她在两栋楼里都有房产，而管理者让她离开有阳性病例那栋楼。这一男一女随后用语音开始了激烈而漫长的争吵，用上了各种各样的指控和侮辱，“胆小鬼”和“叛徒”已经是恶意最轻的话。到最后，那个检测结果是假阳性。
antigen
antigen /ˈæntɪdʒən/ 表示“抗原”，英文解释为“a substance that causes the production of antibodies in the body”。
vicious
同义词是“malicious”，表示“狠毒的，恶毒的，恶意的；充满仇恨的；严厉”，英文解释为：very unkind in a way that is intended to hurt someone’s feelings or make their character seem bad.
📍vicious circle表示“恶性循环”，英文解释为：a continuing unpleasant situation, created when one problem causes another problem that then makes the first problem worse.
innocuous
innocuous /ɪˈnɒk.ju.əs/ 表示“无害的”，英文解释为“completely harmless (= causing no harm)”举个🌰：
Some mushrooms look innocuous but are in fact poisonous.
有些蘑菇貌似无害，但实际上有毒。
At the same time, there are multitudes of volunteers who are selflessly giving their time and energy to assist with the citywide testing effort. Some neighbors in my community are sharing produce: One man who owns a local gym lays out bags and bags of groceries daily outside his business for anyone to take. So far, the situation doesn't feel dire and hostile. People are still mostly energetic, optimistic and generous.
而在同时，无数志愿者无私奉献出自己的时间和精力，协助全市的检测工作。我所在社区的一些邻居正在分享物资：一位在当地开健身房的男士每天都把一袋袋食品杂货摆放在店外，任由居民自取。目前的情况还没到极其紧迫和艰苦的程度。人们大抵还有精力，还能乐观和慷慨。（注：原文发表于April 5, 2022）
multitude
a multitude of表示“许多，众多”，英文解释为“a large number of people or things”举个🌰：
The city has a multitude of problems, from homelessness to drugs and murder.
这个城市存在着很多问题，从无家可归到吸毒和谋杀，不胜枚举。
produce
熟词僻义，不可数名词，表示“食品，产品，（尤指）农产品”，英文解释为“Produce is fruit and vegetables that are grown in large quantities to be sold.”举个🌰：
We manage to get most of our produce in farmers' markets.
我们设法在农贸市场弄到大部分我们需要的农产品。
dire
表示“极其严重的；危急的”，英文解释为“very serious”，如：living in dire poverty 生活赤贫，dire warnings/threats 严重的警告/威胁，举个🌰：
Such action may have dire consequences.
这种行为可能产生严重后果。
hostile
hostile /ˈhɒstaɪl/ 1）friendly 的反义词，表示“怀有敌意的，敌对的，不友善的”英文解释为“angry and deliberately unfriendly towards someone, and ready to argue with them”如：a hostile crowd 不友好的人群。
2）表示“艰苦的，恶劣的；不利的”，英文解释为“difficult or not suitable for living or growing”如：hostile weather conditions 恶劣的天气条件。
3）也可以表示“不同意的”（not agreeing with something）。
China is now following the rest of the world, experiencing major surges in cases. We are lucky to have been protected for two years and to now be exposed to the virus when more people are vaccinated. Before Covid fatigue sets in and before lasting damage is done to communities, families and relationships, I hope we can figure out a way to gracefully let down our boundaries.
如今中国就和全世界一样，出现了病例大幅增加的情况。能得到两年的保护，在越来越多的人接种疫苗后才暴露于病毒之下，我们是幸运的。在新冠疲劳出现之前，在疫情对社区、家庭和人际关系造成持久损害之前，我希望我们能找到办法，用得体的方式放宽我们的边界。
surge
1）作动词，表示“急剧上升；飞涨；剧增”，英文解释为“If something surges, it increases suddenly and greatly, after being steady or developing only slowly.”举个🌰：
The company's profits have surged.
公司的利润激增。
2）作名词，表示“剧增”，英文解释为“A surge is a sudden large increase in something that has previously been steady, or has only increased or developed slowly.”举个🌰：
An unexpected surge in electrical power caused the computer to crash.
突然出现的电压剧增导致电脑死机。
🎬电影《雷神2：黑暗世界》（Thor: The Dark World）中的台词提到：But she will not survive the amount of energy surging within her. 但她体内涌动的能量太大 她撑不住的。
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LearnAndRecord
2015年2月8日
2022年4月9日
第2618天
每天持续行动学外语