英女王葬礼举行

当地时间19日，英国伊丽莎白二世女王的葬礼在伦敦威斯敏斯特大教堂（Westminster Abbey）举行。

无注释原文：

A Detailed Rundown of Queen Elizabeth’s Funeral Day

The New York Times

The processions, mourning and commemorations that have followed the death of Queen Elizabeth II will culminate on Monday with the queen’s funeral at 11 a.m. (London time) at Westminster Abbey, an event that will draw dignitaries from across the globe and a massive worldwide audience watching online and on television.

Grand processions through the streets of London and then at Windsor Castle will accompany the queen’s coffin before it is buried on Monday evening in St. George’s Chapel at Windsor.

The day’s events

Buckingham Palace officials have detailed minute-by-minute plans for Monday. Here are some key events.

• Monday morning heads of state and foreign royals will gather at the Royal Hospital Chelsea, a home for retired soldiers in West London. From there, they will travel together to Westminster Abbey, though the palace did not specify the mode of transportation. According to local media reports, the communal transportation has upset many international leaders, disgruntled by rumors that some of them would receive preferential treatment and be allowed to take their own cars.

• The doors of Westminster Hall, where the queen is lying in state, will close to the public at 6:30 a.m., in preparation for the queen’s coffin to be moved to Westminster Abbey for her funeral.

• Westminster Abbey will open at 8 a.m. for attendees who have been invited to the funeral.

• A procession will accompany the coffin from Westminster Hall to the abbey. The journey is expected to take less than 10 minutes, and the route will be lined by members of the Royal Navy and the Royal Marines. The procession will be led by about 200 musicians including the pipes and drums from the Scottish and Irish Regiments. The carriage will be followed by King Charles III and members of the royal family.

• The dean of Westminster will conduct the funeral service, with readings by Prime Minister Liz Truss and Patricia Scotland, the secretary general of the Commonwealth. The archbishop of Canterbury, the Most Rev. Justin Welby, will give the sermon.

• Toward the end of the ceremony, two minutes of silence will take place across Britain. The service is to end at 12 p.m.

• A procession will then follow the coffin to Wellington Arch, near Hyde Park, before being driven to Windsor.

Distinguished guests

Buckingham Palace has not disclosed the names of attendees, but President Joe Biden has said he will attend, as will the leaders of Germany and Italy. Australia’s leader, Anthony Albanese, and New Zealand’s prime minister, Jacinda Ardern, have accepted invitations, and so has Canada’s prime minister, Justin Trudeau, according to the BBC. Emperor Naruhito and his wife, Empress Masako, of Japan are to attend, and so is the new president of Kenya, William Ruto.

Of course, members of the British royal family will attend. And members of other royal families from across Europe have confirmed their presence, including King Philippe and Queen Mathilde of Belgium, King Willem-Alexander and Queen Maxima of the Netherlands, and the king’s mother, Princess Beatrix.

King Felipe VI of Spain will represent the country at the funeral as the head of state, the Spanish government said. But reports of a private invitation received by his father, the former king, Juan Carlos, have raised eyebrows in Spain. King Juan Carlos abdicated in 2014 and left his country in the wake of fraud investigations, which have since been dropped. He now lives in the United Arab Emirates.

Westminster Abbey has more than 2,000 seats, and Buckingham Palace said in a statement that 200 people who were recognized in the queen’s honors list this year would also join the congregation, including those who made “extraordinary contributions” to the response to the Covid-19 pandemic, and have volunteered in their local communities.

After the funeral, a senior palace official said, visiting heads of state and government representatives would attend a reception hosted by the foreign secretary.

A final stop, at Windsor Castle

At Windsor, the hearse will join a new procession to St. George’s Chapel. There, a committal service will take place. It is open to the queen’s past and present staff, including those who have worked on private estates.

The service will be conducted by the dean of Windsor.

Before the final hymn, the crown jeweler will remove the Imperial State Crown, the orb and the scepter, which are resting on top of the coffin, and place them on the altar.

After the hymn, the coffin will be lowered into the royal vault, a burial chamber under the chapel.

The archbishop of Canterbury will pronounce the blessing, which will be followed by the singing of “God Save The King.”

The burial service that will follow, at 7:30 p.m., also conducted by the dean of Windsor, will be private.

“The Queen is to be buried together with The Duke of Edinburgh,” her late husband, Buckingham Palace said in a release.

- ◆ -

注：中文文本为纽约时报官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

A Detailed Rundown of Queen Elizabeth’s Funeral Day 关于伊丽莎白女王葬礼，你应该知道的

The New York Times

The processions, mourning and commemorations that have followed the death of Queen Elizabeth II will culminate on Monday with the queen’s funeral at 11 a.m. (London time) at Westminster Abbey, an event that will draw dignitaries from across the globe and a massive worldwide audience watching online and on television.

伊丽莎白二世女王去世后的送葬仪式、哀悼和纪念活动将于伦敦时间周一上午11点，在威斯敏斯特教堂的葬礼作为结束。葬礼将汇聚各国政要，全世界观众将在网络和电视上观看直播。

rundown

表示“解释；描述；详细报告”，英文解释为“a detailed report”举个🌰：

Here's a rundown on/of the activities of our ten biggest competitors.

这儿有一份有关我们的10家最大竞争对手经营活动的详细报告。

procession

表示“行列，队伍”，英文解释为“a line of people who are all walking or travelling in the same direction, especially in a formal way as part of a religious ceremony or public celebration”如：a wedding procession 婚礼的队伍。

mourning

表示“哀痛；哀悼”，英文解释为“great sadness felt because someone has died”举个🌰：

Shops were closed as a sign of mourning for the king.

为了表达对国王的哀悼之情，商店关门停业一天。

📍mourn作动词，表示“（因失去…而）哀悼，忧伤”，英文解释为“to feel and show sadness because sb has died; to feel sad because sth no longer exists or is no longer the same”举个🌰：

They mourn the passing of a simpler way of life.

他们对逝去的较为淳朴的生活感到惋惜。

近义词：

📍grieve for表示“（尤指因某人的去世而）悲伤，悲痛，伤心”，英文解释为“to feel very sad, especially because sb has died”举个🌰：

They are still grieving for their dead child.

他们还在为死去的孩子伤心。

commemoration

表示“纪念；纪念活动”，英文解释为“something that is done to remember officially and give respect to a great person or event”。

culminate

表示“以…告终；达到…的顶点”，英文解释为“If an event or series of events culminates in something, it ends with it, having developed until it reaches this point.”举个🌰：

My arguments with the boss got worse and worse, and finally culminated in my resignation.

我和老板的争吵日益恶化，直到最终我决定换工作。

abbey

abbey /ˈæb.i/ 表示“大修道院；大寺院；大教堂”，英文解释为“a building where monks or nuns live or used to live. Some abbeys are now used as churches”如：Westminster Abbey 威斯敏斯特大教堂。

dignitary

dignitary /ˈdɪɡnɪtərɪ/ 表示“显贵；要人；达官贵人；（政府或教会的）显要人物”，英文解释为“Dignitaries are people who are considered to be important because they have a high rank in government or in a church.”

Grand processions through the streets of London and then at Windsor Castle will accompany the queen’s coffin before it is buried on Monday evening in St. George’s Chapel at Windsor.

送葬队伍将伴随女王的灵柩途径伦敦街道，然后到达温莎城堡，最后于周一晚上在温莎的圣乔治教堂下葬。

coffin

coffin /ˈkɒfɪn/表示“棺材；棺椁；棺木”，英文解释为“a box in which a dead body is buried or cremated”。

chapel

chapel /ˈtʃæpəl/ 表示“（基督教）小教堂，礼拜堂”，英文解释为“a room that is part of a larger building and is used for Christian worship”。

The day’s events 当日活动

Buckingham Palace officials have detailed minute-by-minute plans for Monday. Here are some key events.

白金汉宫官员为周一制定的计划精确到了每一分钟。以下是一些关键活动。

• Monday morning heads of state and foreign royals will gather at the Royal Hospital Chelsea, a home for retired soldiers in West London. From there, they will travel together to Westminster Abbey, though the palace did not specify the mode of transportation. According to local media reports, the communal transportation has upset many international leaders, disgruntled by rumors that some of them would receive preferential treatment and be allowed to take their own cars.

·周一早上，国家元首和外国王室成员将聚集在西伦敦的退役军人养老院——切尔西皇家医院。从那里，他们将一起前往威斯敏斯特修道院，尽管王宫没有具体说明交通方式。据当地媒体报道，许多外国政要对于集体交通方式感到不满，他们听说其中一些人将获得优待，可以使用自己的车辆。

specify

表示“具体说明；明确指出”，英文解释为“to explain or describe something clearly and exactly”举个🌰：

He said we should meet but didn't specify a time.

他说我们应该见见面，但没说具体时间。

disgruntled

disgruntled /dɪsˈɡrʌn.təld/ 表示“不满的；不悦的”，英文解释为“unhappy, annoyed, and disappointed about something”举个🌰：

A disgruntled former employee is being blamed for the explosion.

一名心怀不满的前员工被认为是此次爆炸的罪魁祸首。

preferential

表示“优先的；优待的，优惠的”，英文解释为“used to say that something you are given that is better than what other people receive”举个🌰：

Inmates claimed that some prisoners had received preferential treatment.

犯人声称有些囚犯受到了优待。

• The doors of Westminster Hall, where the queen is lying in state, will close to the public at 6:30 a.m., in preparation for the queen’s coffin to be moved to Westminster Abbey for her funeral.

·女王灵柩停放在威斯敏斯特厅供公众瞻仰，这里的大门将于早上6点30分对公众关闭，以准备将女王灵柩移至威斯敏斯特修道院举行葬礼。

lying-in-state

表示“遗体瞻仰（期）”，英文解释为“the period when the dead body of a ruler is displayed to the public before being buried; the display of the body in this way”

• Westminster Abbey will open at 8 a.m. for attendees who have been invited to the funeral.

·威斯敏斯特修道院将于上午8点对受邀参加葬礼的人开放。

• A procession will accompany the coffin from Westminster Hall to the abbey. The journey is expected to take less than 10 minutes, and the route will be lined by members of the Royal Navy and the Royal Marines. The procession will be led by about 200 musicians including the pipes and drums from the Scottish and Irish Regiments. The carriage will be followed by King Charles III and members of the royal family.

·送葬队伍将伴随灵柩从威斯敏斯特厅行进到教堂。行程预计不到10分钟，道路两侧会有皇家海军和海军陆战队成员。送葬队伍将由大约200名乐手带领，其中包括来自苏格兰和爱尔兰皇家军乐团的风笛队。查尔斯三世国王和王室成员将跟在灵车后面。

regiment

regiment /ˈredʒ.ɪ.mənt/ 表示“（军队的）团；大批，大群（事物或人）”，英文解释为“a large group of soldiers, or (more generally) any large number of things or people”举个🌰：

Regiments are usually commanded by a colonel and are sometimes made up of soldiers from a particular city or part of the country.

团通常由上校指挥，有时其士兵都来自某个城市或国家的某个特定地区。

carriage

carriage /ˈkær.ɪdʒ/ 表示“（尤指旧时的）四轮马车”，英文解释为“a vehicle with four wheels that is usually pulled by horses and was used mainly in the past”如：a horse-drawn carriage 四轮马车。

• The dean of Westminster will conduct the funeral service, with readings by Prime Minister Liz Truss and Patricia Scotland, the secretary general of the Commonwealth. The archbishop of Canterbury, the Most Rev. Justin Welby, will give the sermon.

·葬礼由威斯敏斯特修道院座堂主任牧师主持，由首相利兹·特拉斯和英联邦秘书长帕特里夏·苏格兰诵读圣经。坎特伯雷大主教贾斯汀·韦尔比牧师将进行布道。

archbishop

archbishop /ˌɑːtʃˈbɪʃ.əp/ 表示“大主教”，英文解释为“a bishop of the highest rank who is in charge of churches and other bishops in a particular large area”举个🌰：

The Archbishop of Canterbury holds the highest position in the Church of England.

英国国教中，坎特伯雷大主教地位最高。

Rev.

Reverend /ˈrev.ər.ənd/的缩写，表示“（对基督教教士的尊称）大人”，英文解释为“a title for a priest of the Christian Church”，如：如：the Reverend H. Clark H·克拉克牧师大人。

sermon

sermon /ˈsɜː.mən/ 表示“布道，讲道”，英文解释为“a part of a Christian church ceremony in which a priest gives a talk on a religious or moral subject, often based on something written in the Bible”举个🌰：

The Reverend William Cronshaw delivered/preached the sermon.

威廉‧克朗肖牧师进行了布道。

• Toward the end of the ceremony, two minutes of silence will take place across Britain. The service is to end at 12 p.m.

·在仪式即将结束时，英国将进行两分钟的举国默哀。仪式将于中午12点结束。

• A procession will then follow the coffin to Wellington Arch, near Hyde Park, before being driven to Windsor.

·送葬队伍将跟随灵柩前往海德公园附近的威灵顿拱门，然后驱车前往温莎。

Distinguished guests 受邀贵宾

Buckingham Palace has not disclosed the names of attendees, but President Joe Biden has said he will attend, as will the leaders of Germany and Italy. Australia’s leader, Anthony Albanese, and New Zealand’s prime minister, Jacinda Ardern, have accepted invitations, and so has Canada’s prime minister, Justin Trudeau, according to the BBC. Emperor Naruhito and his wife, Empress Masako, of Japan are to attend, and so is the new president of Kenya, William Ruto.

白金汉宫没有透露葬礼宾客名单，但总统乔·拜登表示他将出席，德国和意大利的领导人也将出席。据BBC报道，澳大利亚领导人安东尼·艾巴尼斯、新西兰总理杰辛达·阿德恩和加拿大总理贾斯汀·特鲁多均已接受邀请。日本的德仁天皇和他的妻子雅子皇后将出席，肯尼亚新任总统威廉·鲁托也将出席。

disclose

表示“公开，公布；透露，揭露”，英文解释为“to make something known publicly, or to show something that was hidden”举个🌰：

The company has disclosed profits of over £200 million.

这家公司已公布其利润超过两亿英镑。

empress

empress /ˈem.prəs/ 表示“女皇；皇后”，英文解释为“a female ruler of an empire, or the wife of a male ruler of an empire”

Of course, members of the British royal family will attend. And members of other royal families from across Europe have confirmed their presence, including King Philippe and Queen Mathilde of Belgium, King Willem-Alexander and Queen Maxima of the Netherlands, and the king’s mother, Princess Beatrix.

英国王室成员当然会参加。来自欧洲各地的其他王室成员也确认出席，包括比利时国王菲利普和王后玛蒂尔德、荷兰国王威廉-亚历山大和王后马克西玛，以及国王的母亲贝娅特丽克丝公主。

King Felipe VI of Spain will represent the country at the funeral as the head of state, the Spanish government said. But reports of a private invitation received by his father, the former king, Juan Carlos, have raised eyebrows in Spain. King Juan Carlos abdicated in 2014 and left his country in the wake of fraud investigations, which have since been dropped. He now lives in the United Arab Emirates.

西班牙政府表示，西班牙国王费利佩六世将作为国家元首代表国家出席葬礼。但有关他的父亲、前任国王胡安·卡洛斯收到私人邀请的报道在西班牙引人侧目。胡安·卡洛斯国王于2014年退位，在受到欺诈调查后离开了他的国家，调查自此被撤销。他现在住在阿拉伯联合酋长国。

raise eyebrows

字面意思“扬起眉毛（表示惊讶、不赞成）”，英文解释为“If something causes you to raise an eyebrow or to raise your eyebrows, it causes you to feel surprised or disapproving.”举个🌰：

An intriguing item on the news pages caused me to raise an eyebrow over my morning coffee.

喝早咖啡时，新闻页面上的一条趣闻让我惊讶。

He raised his eyebrows over some of the suggestions.

他不赞成其中的一些建议。

此前，在“这是COVID-19，不是COVID-1啊，朋友们！”文中就提到赫芬顿邮报（HUFFPOST）用了raise (a few) eyebrows这个表达来表示美国白宫高级顾问凯莉安妮·康韦（Kellyanne Conway）愚蠢的言论「使人吃惊，令人震惊」（to cause surprise or shock）。

abdicate

表示“退位”，英文解释为“If a king or queen abdicates, he or she gives up being king or queen.”举个🌰：

The last French king was Louis Philippe, who abdicated in 1848.

最后一位法国国王是路易斯·菲利普, 退位于1848年。

in the wake of

in the wake of表示“作为…的后果；随…之后而来”，英文解释为“If something happens in the wake of something else, it happens after and often because of it.”举个🌰：

Airport security was extra tight in the wake of yesterday's attacks.

昨天的袭击发生之后，机场安检变得格外严格。

🎬电影《科洛弗道10号》（10 Cloverfield Lane）中的台词提到：In the wake of this afternoon's widespread blackout 在今天下午的大面积停电之后，...

🎬电影《阿波罗13号》（Apollo 13）中的台词提到：lt was that phosphorescent stuff that gets churned up in the wake of a big ship. 就是在大船驶过后被搅上来 会发出磷光的那种东西。

🎬传记电影《史蒂夫·乔布斯》（Steve Jobs）中的台词提到：Apple Computers closed two of its factories today in the wake of disappointing sales. 因为销量不佳 苹果电脑今天关闭了两家工厂。

Westminster Abbey has more than 2,000 seats, and Buckingham Palace said in a statement that 200 people who were recognized in the queen’s honors list this year would also join the congregation, including those who made “extraordinary contributions” to the response to the Covid-19 pandemic, and have volunteered in their local communities.

威斯敏斯特修道院有2000多个座位，白金汉宫在一份声明中表示，今年在女王荣誉名单中获得认可的200人也将加入会众，包括那些为应对新冠疫情做出“非凡贡献”以及在当地社区做志愿者的人。

congregation

congregation /ˌkɒŋ.ɡrɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ 表示“（在宗教场所参加膜拜、祈祷的）会众”，英文解释为“a group of people who have come together in a religious building for worship and prayer”举个🌰：

The priest asked the congregation to kneel.

牧师请会众跪下。

After the funeral, a senior palace official said, visiting heads of state and government representatives would attend a reception hosted by the foreign secretary.

一位王宫高级官员说，葬礼结束后，到访的国家元首和政府代表将出席由外交大臣主持的招待会。

reception

1）表示“感受；反应；回应”，英文解释为“the way in which people react to something or someone”举个🌰：

Her first book got a wonderful/warm/frosty reception from the critics.

评论家对她的第一本书反应很好/热烈/冷淡。

2）表示“（无线电和电视信号的）接收效果”，英文解释为“the quality of radio and television signals that are broadcast”如：good/bad reception 良好的/差的接收效果，举个🌰：

There was very poor reception on my phone.

我的电话接收效果很差。

3）表示“欢迎会；招待会”，英文解释为“a formal party at which important people are welcomed”举个🌰：

The president gave a reception for the visiting heads of state.

总统举行招待会款待来访的外国元首。

A final stop, at Windsor Castle 最后一站，温莎城堡

At Windsor, the hearse will join a new procession to St. George’s Chapel. There, a committal service will take place. It is open to the queen’s past and present staff, including those who have worked on private estates.

在温莎，灵车将加入在圣乔治教堂的另一个送葬队伍。在那里将进行下葬仪式。女王过去和现在的工作人员均可以参加，包括那些在王室住所工作的人。

hearse

hearse /hɜːs/ 表示“灵车，柩车”，英文解释为“a vehicle used to carry a body in a coffin to a funeral”

committal

committal /kəˈmɪt.əl/ 1）表示“收监；送入精神病院”，英文解释为“the process of sending someone to a prison or mental hospital”举个🌰：

The psychiatric team decided that committal would not be beneficial in her case.

精神病专家小组判定，以她的情况将她送入精神病院没有益处。

2）表示“下葬”，英文解释为“the burial of a corpse”

The service will be conducted by the dean of Windsor.

仪式将由温莎教堂座堂主任牧师主持。

Before the final hymn, the crown jeweler will remove the Imperial State Crown, the orb and the scepter, which are resting on top of the coffin, and place them on the altar.

在歌唱最后的圣诗之前，皇冠珠宝匠将取下放置在灵柩上方的帝国皇冠、宝球和权杖，并将它们放在祭坛上。

hymn

hymn /hɪm/ 表示“赞美诗，圣歌”，英文解释为“a song of praise that Christians sing to God”如：a hymn book 赞美诗集。

orb

orb /ɔːb/ 表示“球体；球状物”，英文解释为“something in the shape of a ball”如：the glowing orb of the sun 火球般的太阳。

scepter

表示“（象征君主权位的）权杖”，英文解释为“a decorated stick that is carried by a queen or king during some official ceremonies as a symbol of their authority”

altar

altar /ˈɔːl.tər/ 表示“圣坛，祭坛”，英文解释为“a type of table used in ceremonies in a Christian church or in other religious buildings”

After the hymn, the coffin will be lowered into the royal vault, a burial chamber under the chapel.

唱诗结束后，灵柩将下葬于教堂下方的皇家墓室。

vault

vault /vɒlt/ 表示“（教堂的）地下墓室；（墓地的）墓穴”，英文解释为“a room under a church or a small building in a cemetery where dead bodies are buried”举个🌰：

She was buried in the family vault.

她被葬在家族墓室里。

The archbishop of Canterbury will pronounce the blessing, which will be followed by the singing of “God Save The King.”

坎特伯雷大主教将给予祝福，随后将唱《天佑国王》。

The burial service that will follow, at 7:30 p.m., also conducted by the dean of Windsor, will be private.

之后在晚上7点30分，温莎教堂座堂主任牧师也将主持女王的私人葬礼。

“The Queen is to be buried together with The Duke of Edinburgh,” her late husband, Buckingham Palace said in a release.

白金汉宫在一份新闻稿中说：“女王将与爱丁堡公爵合葬一处。”爱丁堡公爵是她已故的丈夫。

- 今日盘点 -

rundown

procession

mourning

commemoration

culminate

abbey

dignitary

coffin

chapel

specify

disgruntled

preferential

lying-in-state

regiment

carriage

archbishop

Rev.

sermon

disclose

empress

raise eyebrows

abdicate

in the wake of

congregation

reception

hearse

committal

hymn

orb

scepter

altar

vault

- 推荐阅读 -

- END -

LearnAndRecord

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