「Part 28」一起来学二十大报告双语版！
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XI. Modernizing China’s National Security System and Capacity and Safeguarding National Security and Social Stability
国家安全是民族复兴的根基，社会稳定是国家强盛的前提。
National security is the bedrock of national rejuvenation, and social stability is a prerequisite for building a strong and prosperous China.
bedrock
表示“基础；牢固基础；基本事实；基本原则”，英文解释为“the main principles on which something is based”举个🌰：
Honesty is the bedrock of any healthy relationship. 诚实是维持一切良好关系的基本原则。
prerequisite
prerequisite /ˌpriːˈrek.wɪ.zɪt/ 表示“先决条件；前提；必备条件”，英文解释为“something that must exist or happen before sth else can happen or be done”举个🌰：
Good self-esteem is a prerequisite for a happy life. 良好的自尊心是幸福生活的先决条件。
必须坚定不移贯彻总体国家安全观，把维护国家安全贯穿党和国家工作各方面全过程，确保国家安全和社会稳定。
We must resolutely pursue a holistic approach to national security and promote national security in all areas and stages of the work of the Party and the country, so as to ensure national security and social stability.
holistic
holistic /həˈlɪs.tɪk/ 表示“整体的，全面的”，英文解释为“dealing with or treating the whole of something or someone and not just a part”举个🌰：
My doctor takes a holistic approach to disease. 我的医生采用了一种全面的治疗方法。
我们要坚持以人民安全为宗旨、以政治安全为根本、以经济安全为基础、以军事科技文化社会安全为保障、以促进国际安全为依托，
We must take the people’s security as our ultimate goal, political security as our fundamental task, economic security as our foundation, military, technological, cultural, and social security as important pillars, and international security as a support.
pillar
pillar /ˈpɪlə/ 表示“（建筑物的）柱子，支柱；墩”，英文解释为“strong column made of stone, metal, or wood that supports part of a building”举个🌰：
A row of reinforced concrete pillars supports the bridge.
一排钢筋混凝土柱子支撑着桥梁。
补充：
📍pillar of sth表示“重要成员；栋梁，中坚，核心”，英文解释为“a very important member or part of a group, organization, system, etc.”举个🌰：
Equality is one of the pillars of socialism.
平等是社会主义理论的重要组成部分之一。
My father is a pillar of the family.
我父亲是家庭的顶梁柱。
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述美国牛仔服饰的文章中提到：When Strauss died in 1902 he was eulogised as one of San Francisco’s foremost philanthropists and a pillar of the Jewish community. 施特劳斯在1902年去世时被誉为旧金山最杰出的慈善家之一和犹太社区的支柱。
统筹外部安全和内部安全、国土安全和国民安全、传统安全和非传统安全、自身安全和共同安全，
We will take coordinated steps to ensure external and internal security, homeland and public security, traditional and non-traditional security, and our own security and common security.
统筹维护和塑造国家安全，
We will both uphold national security and create the conditions for ensuring it.
夯实国家安全和社会稳定基层基础，完善参与全球安全治理机制，建设更高水平的平安中国，
We will strengthen popular support for national security and social stability, improve the mechanisms for our participation in global security governance, and advance the Peaceful China Initiative to a higher level.
以新安全格局保障新发展格局。
With this new security architecture, we will be able to better safeguard China’s new pattern of development.
（一）健全国家安全体系。
1. Improving the national security system
坚持党中央对国家安全工作的集中统一领导，完善高效权威的国家安全领导体制。
We must uphold the Central Committee’s centralized, unified leadership over national security work and make sure that our leadership system for national security is high-performing and authoritative.
authoritative
强化国家安全工作协调机制，
The mechanisms for coordinating national security work will be strengthened.
完善国家安全法治体系、战略体系、政策体系、风险监测预警体系、国家应急管理体系，
Improvements will be made in the legal, strategy, and policy systems for national security as well as the risk monitoring and early warning systems and the national emergency management system.
完善重点领域安全保障体系和重要专项协调指挥体系，
We will also improve the systems that safeguard security in key sectors and the coordination and command systems for major projects.
强化经济、重大基础设施、金融、网络、数据、生物、资源、核、太空、海洋等安全保障体系建设。
We will strengthen the safeguards for ensuring economic, major infrastructure, financial, cyber, data, biological, resource, nuclear, space, and maritime security.
maritime
1）表示“海运的；航海的；海事的”，英文解释为“connected with human activity at sea”举个🌰：
Amalfi and Venice were important maritime powers. 阿马尔菲和威尼斯一度是重要的海上基地。
2）表示“近海的，沿海的”，英文解释为“near the sea or coast”举个🌰：
The temperature change in winter is less pronounced in maritime areas. 近海地区冬季温度变化不那么明显。
健全反制裁、反干涉、反“长臂管辖”机制。
Mechanisms for countering foreign sanctions, interference, and long-arm jurisdiction will be strengthened.
counter
作动词，表示“反驳；反对；对抗”，英文解释为“to react to something with an opposing opinion or action, or to defend yourself against something”举个🌰：
When criticisms were made of the school's performance, the parents' group countered with details of its exam results. 当有人对学校的业绩提出批评时，家长团举出具体的考试成绩予以反驳。
sanction
1）常见含义表示“制裁”，英文解释为“an official order, such as the stopping of trade, that is taken against a country in order to make it obey international law”举个🌰：
Many nations have imposed sanctions on the country. 许多国家都对其进行制裁。
2）可以作动词也可以作名词，表示“批准；认可”，英文解释为“If someone in authority sanctions an action or practice, they officially approve of it and allow it to be done.”举个🌰：
He may now be ready to sanction the use of force. 他或许现在正准备批准使用武力。
interference
表示“干涉，干预”，英文解释为“an occasion when someone tries to interfere in a situation”举个🌰：
She seems to regard any advice or help from me as interference. 她似乎把我的任何建议或帮助都看作是干涉。
📍2022年政府工作报告Part 20提到：坚决反对“台独”分裂行径，坚决反对外部势力干涉。We firmly oppose any separatist activities seeking “Taiwan independence” and firmly oppose foreign interference.
📍下载2022年政府工作报告对照注释笔记合集，公众号内发送：2022
jurisdiction
jurisdiction /ˌdʒʊərɪsˈdɪkʃən/ 表示“司法权；审判权；管辖权”，英文解释为“the authority that an official organization has to make legal decisions about sb/sth”举个🌰：
The British police have no jurisdiction over foreign bank accounts. 英国警方对外国银行的账户没有司法管辖权。
完善国家安全力量布局，构建全域联动、立体高效的国家安全防护体系。
We will improve the allocation of national security resources and create a coordinated, multi-dimensional, and highly effective system for protecting national security across all domains.
（二）增强维护国家安全能力。
2. Strengthening our capacity for safeguarding national security
坚定维护国家政权安全、制度安全、意识形态安全，加强重点领域安全能力建设，
We will resolutely safeguard the security of China’s state power, systems, and ideology and build up security capacity in key areas.
确保粮食、能源资源、重要产业链供应链安全，
We will ensure the security of food, energy, and resources as well as key industrial and supply chains.
加强海外安全保障能力建设，维护我国公民、法人在海外合法权益，
We will strengthen our capacity to ensure overseas security and protect the lawful rights and interests of Chinese citizens and legal entities overseas.
维护海洋权益，坚定捍卫国家主权、安全、发展利益。
We will safeguard China’s maritime rights and interests and resolutely defend our country’s sovereignty, security, and development interests.
resolutely
表示“坚决地；毅然地”，英文解释为“in a determined way”举个🌰：
He resolutely refused to learn about computers. 他坚决拒绝学习计算机知识。
sovereignty
sovereignty /ˈsɒvrəntɪ/ 表示“主权，统治权”，英文解释为“the power of a country to control its own government”
提高防范化解重大风险能力，严密防范系统性安全风险，
We will enhance our capacity to prevent and mitigate major risks and will remain on high alert against systemic security risks.
mitigate
表示“减轻，缓解，缓和”，英文解释为“to make a situation or the effects of something less unpleasant, harmful, or serious”举个🌰：
Measures need to be taken to mitigate the environmental effects of burning more coal. 需要采取措施来减轻燃煤增加对环境造成的影响。
严厉打击敌对势力渗透、破坏、颠覆、分裂活动。
We will crack down hard on infiltration, sabotage, subversion, and separatist activities by hostile forces.
infiltration
infiltration /ˌɪn.fɪlˈtreɪ.ʃən/ 表示“卧底，渗透（进入某组织进行调查或施加影响）”，英文解释为“the process of secretly becoming part of a group in order to get information or to influence the way that a group thinks or behaves”
sabotage
subversion
subversion /səbˈvɜː.ʃən/ 表示“颠覆，倾覆”，英文解释为“the act of trying to destroy or damage an established system or government”
全面加强国家安全教育，提高各级领导干部统筹发展和安全能力，
We will conduct extensive public communications about the importance of national security and improve the ability of leading officials at all levels to ensure security in the pursuit of development.
增强全民国家安全意识和素养，筑牢国家安全人民防线。
This will raise the people’s awareness and readiness regarding national security and strengthen the public line of defense.
（三）提高公共安全治理水平。
3. Enhancing public safety governance
坚持安全第一、预防为主，建立大安全大应急框架，
We will follow the principles of putting safety first and placing emphasis on prevention, and we will establish an overall safety and emergency response framework.
完善公共安全体系，推动公共安全治理模式向事前预防转型。
The public safety system will be improved, and we will drive a shift in public safety governance toward a model of prevention.
推进安全生产风险专项整治，加强重点行业、重点领域安全监管。
Workplace safety risk controls will be strengthened, and safety supervision in key sectors and areas will be bolstered.
bolster
表示“支撑；加固；提高；改善；加强”，英文解释为“to improve sth or make it stronger”，如：to bolster sb's confidence/courage/morale 增加某人的信心/勇气/士气，举个🌰：
Hopes of an early cut in interest rates bolstered confidence. 提前降低利率的希望增强了信心。
🎬电影《塞尔拉·伯格斯是废柴》（Sierra Burgess Is a Loser）中的台词提到：I was wondering if you had any suggestions on how to bolster my resume. 想问问 对提升我的简历你有没有什么意见？
提高防灾减灾救灾和重大突发公共事件处置保障能力，
We will enhance our capacity for disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief and for responding to and providing support during major public emergencies.
加强国家区域应急力量建设。
Regional emergency response capacity will be strengthened.
强化食品药品安全监管，健全生物安全监管预警防控体系。
We will tighten supervision over food and drug safety and improve the systems of supervision, early warning, and prevention and control for biosafety and biosecurity.
加强个人信息保护。
Protection of personal information will be strengthened.
（四）完善社会治理体系。
4. Improving the social governance system
健全共建共治共享的社会治理制度，提升社会治理效能。
We will improve the social governance system based on collaboration, participation, and shared benefits, so as to make social governance more effective.
在社会基层坚持和发展新时代“枫桥经验”，完善正确处理新形势下人民内部矛盾机制，
We will apply and further develop the “Fengqiao model” for promoting community-level governance in the new era, and we will improve the mechanisms for appropriately addressing disputes between members of the public under the new circumstances.
加强和改进人民信访工作，畅通和规范群众诉求表达、利益协调、权益保障通道，
We will improve our work in handling public complaints and maintain open and regular channels for learning about people’s concerns, handling their claims, and protecting their rights and interests.
完善网格化管理、精细化服务、信息化支撑的基层治理平台，健全城乡社区治理体系，
Primary-level social governance platforms featuring grid-based management, meticulous services, and IT support will be improved to strengthen urban and rural community governance.
meticulous
meticulous /məˈtɪk.jə.ləs/ 表示“严谨的，一丝不苟的；非常注意细节的”，英文解释为“very careful and with great attention to every detail”举个🌰：
Many hours of meticulous preparation have gone into writing the book. 为写此书，已投入了大量时间做细致的前期准备。
及时把矛盾纠纷化解在基层、化解在萌芽状态。
We should see that problems are resolved as they emerge at the community level.
加快推进市域社会治理现代化，提高市域社会治理能力。
We will work faster to modernize and enhance social governance in cities.
强化社会治安整体防控，推进扫黑除恶常态化，依法严惩群众反映强烈的各类违法犯罪活动。
We will take a holistic approach to ensuring law and order, we will consistently combat and root out organized crime, and we will lawfully crack down on various illegal and criminal activities that cause grave public concern.
发展壮大群防群治力量，营造见义勇为社会氛围，
We will boost public participation in crime prevention and control and create an atmosphere that honors individuals who rise to the occasion during emergencies.
建设人人有责、人人尽责、人人享有的社会治理共同体。
This will foster a community of social governance in which everyone fulfills their responsibilities and shares in the benefits.
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「重点归纳」
the bedrock of national rejuvenation
贯彻总体国家安全观
pursue a holistic approach to national security
各方面全过程
in all areas and stages
国家安全和社会稳定
national security and social stability
以人民安全为宗旨
take the people’s security as our ultimate goal
保障
important pillars
外部安全和内部安全
external and internal security
国土安全和国民安全
homeland and public security
传统安全和非传统安全
traditional and non-traditional security
自身安全和共同安全
our own security and common security
新安全格局
new security architecture
新发展格局
new pattern of development
国家安全体系
the national security system
高效权威
high-performing and authoritative
国家安全工作协调机制
The mechanisms for coordinating national security work
风险监测预警体系
the risk monitoring and early warning systems
国家应急管理体系
the national emergency management system
重要专项协调指挥体系
the coordination and command systems for major projects
重点领域
in key sectors
反制裁
countering foreign sanctions
“长臂管辖”
long-arm jurisdiction
国家安全力量布局
the allocation of national security resources
全域
across all domains
联动、立体高效
coordinated, multi-dimensional, and highly effective
重要产业链供应链
key industrial and supply chains
合法权益
the lawful rights and interests
法人
legal entities
海洋权益
maritime rights and interests
捍卫国家主权、安全、发展利益
defend our country’s sovereignty, security, and development interests
防范化解重大风险
prevent and mitigate major risks
系统性安全风险
systemic security risks
敌对势力
hostile forces
渗透、破坏、颠覆、分裂活动
infiltration, sabotage, subversion, and separatist activities
各级领导干部
leading officials at all levels
全民...意识和素养
the people’s awareness and readiness regarding ...
安全第一、预防为主
putting safety first and placing emphasis on prevention
大安全大应急框架
an overall safety and emergency response framework
公共安全体系
The public safety system
安全监管
safety supervision
防灾减灾救灾
disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief
重大突发公共事件
major public emergencies
（国家）区域应急力量
Regional emergency response capacity
生物安全
biosafety and biosecurity
监管预警防控体系
the systems of supervision, early warning, and prevention and control
个人信息保护
Protection of personal information
社会治理体系
the social governance system
共建共治共享
based on collaboration, participation, and shared benefits
人民内部矛盾
disputes between members of the public
新形势下
under the new circumstances
网格化管理、精细化服务、信息化支撑
grid-based management, meticulous services, and IT support
基层治理平台
Primary-level social governance platforms
城乡社区治理
urban and rural community governance
治安
law and order
扫黑除恶
combat and root out organized crime
违法犯罪活动
illegal and criminal activities
见义勇为
rise to the occasion during emergencies
人人有责、人人尽责、人人享有
everyone fulfills their responsibilities and shares in the benefits
社会治理共同体
a community of social governance
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2015年2月8日
2022年11月29日
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