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3. Improving the systems and regulations for the Party’s self-reform
坚持制度治党、依规治党，
We will continue to run the Party with systems and regulations.
以党章为根本，以民主集中制为核心，完善党内法规制度体系，增强党内法规权威性和执行力，
We should take the Party Constitution as our fundamental guide and give full play to the core role of democratic centralism in order to improve the framework of Party regulations, increase their authority, and fully enforce them.
形成坚持真理、修正错误，发现问题、纠正偏差的机制。
We will put in place mechanisms for upholding truth, correcting errors, uncovering problems, and remedying failings.
健全党统一领导、全面覆盖、权威高效的监督体系，完善权力监督制约机制，以党内监督为主导，促进各类监督贯通协调，让权力在阳光下运行。
We will improve the total-coverage, authoritative, and highly effective oversight system under the Party’s unified leadership and refine the mechanisms for overseeing power and keeping it in check. We will generate synergy between various forms of oversight with intraparty oversight serving as the mainstay, and we will ensure that power is exercised in broad daylight.
oversight
1）表示“监督；监察；监管”，英文解释为“responsibility for a job or activity and for making sure it is being done correctly”举个🌰：
Who has oversight of genetic testing? 谁对基因测试有监管责任？
2）表示“失察，疏忽，疏漏”，英文解释为“a mistake made because of a failure to notice something”举个🌰：
They claimed it was simply (an) oversight. 他们称这不过是个疏忽。
synergy
synergy /ˈsɪnədʒɪ/表示“协同作用，协同增效作用“，英文解释为“the extra energy, power, success, etc. that is achieved by two or more people or companies working together, instead of on their own”。
mainstay
the mainstay of sth 表示“…的支柱；…的主要依靠”，英文解释为“the most important part of something, providing support for everything else”举个🌰：
Cattle farming is the mainstay of the country's economy. 养牛业是这个国家的经济支柱。
推进政治监督具体化、精准化、常态化，增强对“一把手”和领导班子监督实效。
We will conduct concrete, targeted, and regular political oversight and keep leadership teams and their heads under effective oversight.
发挥政治巡视利剑作用，加强巡视整改和成果运用。
We will see that political inspections serve as a powerful tool and that follow-up rectifications are made accordingly and their results are put to practical use.
rectification
表示“矫正，改正”，英文解释为“The rectification of something that is wrong is the act of changing it to make it correct or satisfactory.”
落实全面从严治党政治责任，用好问责利器。
We will work to ensure that political responsibility for full and rigorous Party self-governance is fulfilled and that accountability mechanisms have real teeth.
accountability
accountability表示“问责制；有义务，有责任；可说明性”，英文解释为“the state of being accountable, liable, or answerable”。
（四）建设堪当民族复兴重任的高素质干部队伍。
4. Cultivating officials capable of shouldering the mission of national rejuvenation
shoulder
表示“承担；担负”，英文解释为“to accept the responsibility for sth”如：to shoulder the responsibility/blame for sth 对某事承担责任/过失。
全面建设社会主义现代化国家，必须有一支政治过硬、适应新时代要求、具备领导现代化建设能力的干部队伍。
To build a modern socialist country in all respects, we must have a team of officials who are politically committed and who have the competence to meet the needs of the new era and lead China’s modernization drive.
坚持党管干部原则，
We must adhere to the principle of the Party supervising officials.
坚持德才兼备、以德为先、五湖四海、任人唯贤，把新时代好干部标准落到实处。
We must select officials on the basis of both integrity and ability, with greater weight given to integrity, and on the basis of merit regardless of background, thus fully applying the criteria for judging competent officials in the new era.
树立选人用人正确导向，选拔忠诚干净担当的高素质专业化干部，选优配强各级领导班子。
We will follow the right approach to selecting and appointing officials, select those who are high-caliber, professional, loyal, upright, and responsible, and ensure that strong and competent leadership teams are put in place at all levels.
appoint
表示“任命”，英文解释为“If you appoint someone to a job or official position, you formally choose them for it.”举个🌰：
It made sense to appoint a banker to this job. 任命一位银行家做这项工作是合理的。
caliber
calibre /ˈkælɪbə/ caliber /ˈkælɪbər/ 表示“质量；水准；才能，能力”，英文解释为“the quality of someone or something, especially someone's ability”举个🌰：
If teaching paid more it might attract people of (a) higher calibre. 如果提高教师的工资，也许会吸引更高水平的人才。
upright
upright /ˈʌp.raɪt1）表示“诚实的；负责的；正直的”，英文解释为“honest, responsible, and moral”举个🌰：
She behaved as any upright citizen would have under the circumstances. 她在这种情况下的做法和所有正直公民一样。
2）表示“竖直的；直立的；垂直的”，英文解释为“placed in a vertical position”举个🌰：
Keep the bottle upright. 保持瓶子直立。
坚持把政治标准放在首位，做深做实干部政治素质考察，突出把好政治关、廉洁关。
We will take political commitment as the primary criterion for selection and carry out solid vetting of officials’ political commitment to ensure that they are politically reliable and corruption-free.
vet
表示“审查，检查”，英文解释为“to examine something or someone carefully to make certain that they are acceptable or suitable”举个🌰：
The bank carefully vets everyone who applies for an account. 银行对每个申请开通账户的人都进行仔细的审核。
加强实践锻炼、专业训练，注重在重大斗争中磨砺干部，
We will strengthen the ability of officials by tempering them through practice and giving them professional training, and we will focus on honing their skills by assigning them major tasks.
temper
temper /ˈtem.pər/ 1）表示“使（金属）回火；锻造”，英文解释为“to heat and then cool a metal in order to make it hard”如：tempered steel 回火钢。
2）表示“使缓和；使变温和；使变淡”，英文解释为“to make something less strong, extreme, etc.”举个🌰：
My enthusiasm for the venture was tempered by my knowledge of the hard work that would be involved. 当我了解到完成这个风险项目所要做的工作时，我的热情多少消退了一些。
hone
hone /həʊn/ 表示“磨炼，磨砺；训练”，英文解释为“to make something perfect or completely suitable for its purpose”举个🌰：
His physique was honed to perfection. 他的体形锻炼得很完美。
增强干部推动高质量发展本领、服务群众本领、防范化解风险本领。
This will help to ensure that officials become more capable of pursuing high-quality development, serving the people, and guarding against and defusing risks.
defuse
defuse /ˌdiːˈfjuːz/ 表示“缓和；平息”，英文解释为“to make a difficult or dangerous situation calmer by reducing or removing its cause”举个🌰：
The two groups will meet next week to try to defuse the crisis/situation/tension. 双方将于下周会面以求缓和危机/局面/紧张局势。
加强干部斗争精神和斗争本领养成，着力增强防风险、迎挑战、抗打压能力，
We will redouble our efforts to build the fighting spirit and ability of officials, particularly their ability to prevent risks, rise to challenges, and withstand pressure.
带头担当作为，做到平常时候看得出来、关键时刻站得出来、危难关头豁得出来。
This will enable them to take the lead in shouldering responsibility and to excel in their daily work, step forward at critical moments, and act with courage in times of danger.
excel
表示“擅长；善于；突出”，英文解释为“to be very good at doing sth”举个🌰：
She has always excelled in foreign languages. 她的外语从来都是出类拔萃。
📍2019年政府工作报告中就提到：体育健儿在国际大赛上再创佳绩。Chinese athletes excelled themselves in international competitions.
🎬电影《热血警探》（Blue Fury）中的台词提到：Academically excelled in theoretical course work and final year examinations. 在校期间理论课成绩和年终测评均为优，
完善干部考核评价体系，引导干部树立和践行正确政绩观，
We will improve the system for assessing officials’ performance and see that officials have a correct understanding of what it means to perform well.
推动干部能上能下、能进能出，形成能者上、优者奖、庸者下、劣者汰的良好局面。
We should also see that officials can be demoted as well as promoted and dismissed as well as recruited, thereby creating an environment in which the competent are elevated, the outstanding are rewarded, the mediocre are demoted, and the incompetent are dismissed.
demote
demote /dɪˈməʊt/ 表示“使降职，使降级”，英文解释为“to lower someone or something in rank or position”
dismiss
elevate
mediocre
mediocre /ˌmiː.diˈəʊ.kər/ 表示“普通的，平庸的，不够好的”，英文解释为“not very good”举个🌰：The film's plot is predictable and the acting is mediocre. 这部影片的情节都能猜得到，演员的演技也不够好。
抓好后继有人这个根本大计，
It is of critical importance to the Party’s future that we have qualified successors to carry forward our cause.
qualified
qualified /ˈkwɒl.ɪ.faɪd/ 表示“有资格的；合格的，胜任的”，英文解释为“having finished a training course, or having particular skills, etc.”举个🌰：
He is now a qualified architect. 他现在是一个合格的建筑师了。
健全培养选拔优秀年轻干部常态化工作机制，
With this in mind, we will improve the regular working mechanisms for training and selecting promising young officials.
把到基层和艰苦地区锻炼成长作为年轻干部培养的重要途径。
We should encourage young officials to work and gain experience in local communities and areas where conditions are harsh, and we should make such assignments an important part of their training.
harsh
1）表示“令人不快的；严酷的；（无端地）严厉的”，英文解释为“unpleasant, unkind, cruel, or more severe than is necessary”如：harsh criticism 严厉的批评。
2）表示“刺眼的；刺耳的；过于强烈的”，英文解释为“too strong, bright, loud, etc.”如：harsh lighting 刺眼的光线。
重视女干部培养选拔工作，发挥女干部重要作用。
We will attach importance to cultivating and selecting female officials and give full play to their important role.
重视培养和用好少数民族干部，统筹做好党外干部工作。
We will also attach importance to cultivating and appointing officials from ethnic minorities and carry out work related to non-Party officials in a well-coordinated way.
做好离退休干部工作。
We will ensure that retired officials are well taken care of.
加强和改进公务员工作，优化机构编制资源配置。
We will improve our management of public servants and better allocate staffing resources for Party and state institutions.
坚持严管和厚爱相结合，加强对干部全方位管理和经常性监督，
We should both be strict with our officials and care for them, and we should strengthen overall management and regular supervision of them.
落实“三个区分开来”，激励干部敢于担当、积极作为。
We should apply the “three distinctions,” so as to encourage officials to boldly take on responsibilities and demonstrate enterprise in their work. (The three distinctions refer to those between errors caused by lack of experience in pilot reforms and deliberate violations of discipline and law; between errors made in conducting experiments that are not explicitly restricted by higher-level authorities and arbitrary violations of discipline and law in the face of higher-level authorities’ explicit prohibition; and between unwitting errors made in pursuing development and violations of discipline and law for personal gains.)
注：“三个区分开来”是指：要把干部在推进改革中因缺乏经验、先行先试出现的失误和错误，同明知故犯的违纪违法行为区分开来；把上级尚无明确限制的探索性试验中的失误和错误，同上级明令禁止后依然我行我素的违纪违法行为区分开来；把为推动发展的无意过失，同为谋取私利的违纪违法行为区分开来。
deliberate
作动词，表示“仔细考虑；深思熟虑；反复思考”，英文解释为“to think very carefully about sth, usually before making a decision”举个🌰：
The jury deliberated for five days before finding him guilty. 陪审团认真讨论了五天才裁定他有罪。
作形容词，表示“（常指坏事）有意的，故意的，蓄意的”，英文解释为“(often of something bad) intentional or planned”如：a deliberate attack/insult/lie 蓄意攻击/侮辱/说谎。
unwitting
unwitting /ʌnˈwɪt.ɪŋ/ 表示“不知情的；无意的”，英文解释为“without knowing or planning”
关心关爱基层干部特别是条件艰苦地区干部。
We should care about officials working in local communities, particularly those working in areas where conditions are harsh.
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「重点归纳」
the Party’s self-reform
制度治党、依规治党
run the Party with systems and regulations
党章
the Party Constitution
民主集中制
democratic centralism
完善党内法规制度体系
improve the framework of Party regulations
坚持真理、修正错误，发现问题、纠正偏差
upholding truth, correcting errors, uncovering problems, and remedying failings
全面覆盖、权威高效的监督体系
the total-coverage, authoritative, and highly effective oversight system
让权力在阳光下运行
power is exercised in broad daylight
具体化、精准化、常态化
concrete, targeted, and regular
“一把手”和领导班子
leadership teams and their heads
政治巡视
political inspections
堪当民族复兴重任
capable of shouldering the mission of national rejuvenation
全面建设社会主义现代化国家
build a modern socialist country in all respects
政治过硬
are politically committed
适应新时代要求
meet the needs of the new era
党管干部原则
the principle of the Party supervising officials
五湖四海、任人唯贤
on the basis of merit regardless of background
高素质专业化
high-caliber, professional
忠诚干净担当
loyal, upright, and responsible
干部政治素质考察
vetting of officials’ political commitment
服务群众
serving the people
防范化解风险
guarding against and defusing risks
斗争精神和斗争本领
the fighting spirit and ability
防风险、迎挑战、抗打压
prevent risks, rise to challenges, and withstand pressure
带头担当作为
take the lead in shouldering responsibility
平常时候看得出来、关键时刻站得出来、危难关头豁得出来
excel in their daily work, step forward at critical moments, and act with courage in times of danger
干部考核评价体系
the system for assessing officials’ performance
正确政绩观
a correct understanding of what it means to perform well
能上能下、能进能出
can be demoted as well as promoted and dismissed as well as recruited
能者上、优者奖、庸者下、劣者汰
the competent are elevated, the outstanding are rewarded, the mediocre are demoted, and the incompetent are dismissed
后继有人
have qualified successors to carry forward our cause
常态化工作机制
the regular working mechanisms
培养选拔优秀年轻干部
training and selecting promising young officials
到基层和艰苦地区锻炼成长
work and gain experience in local communities and areas where conditions are harsh
少数民族干部
officials from ethnic minorities
党外干部
non-Party officials
离退休干部
retired officials
公务员
public servants
编制资源
staffing resources
全方位管理和经常性监督
overall management and regular supervision
敢于担当、积极作为
boldly take on responsibilities and demonstrate enterprise in their work
基层干部
officials working in local communities
条件艰苦地区
areas where conditions are harsh
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2015年2月8日
2022年12月9日
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