阿里集团换帅
今天，阿里巴巴官方宣布，张勇将卸任阿里巴巴集团董事会主席兼CEO，转任阿里云智能集团董事长兼CEO，蔡崇信将接任阿里巴巴集团董事会主席，吴泳铭将出任阿里巴巴集团CEO兼淘天集团董事长。
🤔️小作业：
A. They have consistently expanded their market share.
B. They are planning to diversify into new markets.
C. They have faced a decline in market value and increased competition.
D. They are mainly focused on e-commerce.
A. He is actively managing the company's day-to-day operations.
B. He has completely dissociated himself from the company.
C. He still holds a significant stake and has an interest in the company.
D. He is focused on Alibaba's international expansion.
无注释原文：
Alibaba Is Replacing Chairman and CEO Daniel Zhang
From: The Wall Street Journal
Alibaba Group Holding is replacing top executive Daniel Zhang by naming company veteran and Brooklyn Nets owner Joe Tsai as the new chairman, as the Chinese e-commerce giant grapples with slow growth and poor stock performance.
The reshuffling at the top, effective on Sept. 10, also comes as Alibaba undergoes a major reorganization. Alibaba is in the process of splitting itself into six independently run companies that could seek separate initial public offerings, a move that would break up the business empire that co-founder Jack Ma had built over two decades.
Eddie Wu, who heads the Taobao and Tmall domestic e-commerce business, will succeed Zhang as chief executive and replace Zhang on the board, the company said in a statement Tuesday.
Tsai—born in Taiwan and a graduate of Yale University—and Wu are both company veterans who have been with Alibaba since 1999 and, together with Ma, helped develop the group's business strategies and corporate culture.
A decade ago, Wu, who is a less-known co-founder led the company's strategy to develop and give priority to its smartphone shopping sites as consumers shifted to using the mobile internet.
Zhang is currently heading Alibaba's cloud-computing unit and will continue to do so, Alibaba said in its statement.
“It is the right time for me to dedicate my full attention and time to the [cloud] business,” Zhang said in a letter to employees that was seen by The Wall Street Journal.
In May, Alibaba said it planned to fully spin off its cloud business and complete its public listing in the next 12 months. It didn't immediately respond to a request for comment on Zhang's letter.
Ma, the billionaire co-founder, was recently in Hangzhou, where Alibaba is based. On Saturday, he attended an annual global mathematics competition that he started in 2018 and chatted with the finalists, according to a statement by Alibaba's research unit.
Ma remains the biggest shareholder of Alibaba and still cares very much about the company, Michael Evans, Alibaba's president, said at a technology event in Paris last week.
Alibaba has been grappling with sluggish growth, facing a cooling economy and rising competition from homegrown upstarts such as PDD Holding's Pinduoduo e-commerce platform and ByteDance's Douyin short-video platform.
In the January-to-March quarter, Alibaba posted the slowest revenue growth for the second straight quarter since it went public in 2014.
Alibaba listed in New York following a blockbuster IPO that remains one of the world's largest-ever stock sales. Zhang was promoted from chief operating officer to CEO the following year and became the company's executive chairman in 2019 when Ma stepped down.
Under Zhang, Alibaba was for a time China's most valuable publicly listed company, with a market capitalization that topped $850 billion at its peak in October 2020. Alibaba was subsequently hit with a record $2.8 billion antitrust fine.
Its shares have lost close to $600 billion in market value from their record high and briefly fell below their New York IPO price last year. Longtime shareholder SoftBank Group of Japan recently unwound its stake in Alibaba.
Alibaba's Hong Kong-listed shares were 1.6% lower in Tuesday afternoon trading after the company mapped out its leadership succession plan.
Alibaba's restructuring culminates a yearslong shift inside the company to make it more nimble. Alibaba's various businesses will be split up into six major areas: cloud computing, Chinese e-commerce, global e-commerce, digital mapping and food delivery, logistics, and media and entertainment.
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注：中文文本为华尔街日报官方译文，仅供参考
含注释全文：
Alibaba Is Replacing Chairman and CEO Daniel Zhang
From: The Wall Street Journal
Alibaba Group Holding is replacing top executive Daniel Zhang by naming company veteran and Brooklyn Nets owner Joe Tsai as the new chairman, as the Chinese e-commerce giant grapples with slow growth and poor stock performance.
阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司（Alibaba Group Holding）宣布，公司元老、布鲁克林篮网队（Brooklyn Nets）老板蔡崇信（Joe Tsai）将接替张勇（Daniel Zhang）出任主席。目前这家中国电商巨头在努力应对增长缓慢和股票表现不佳的局面。
veteran
veteran /ˈvetərən/ 1）表示“老手，（在某方面）经验丰富的人”，英文解释为“someone who has had a lot of experience of a particular activity”，如：veteran leader/veteran journalist/actor/goalkeeper etc 资深领袖/资深记者/资深演员/经验丰富的守门员等。
2）表示“老兵，退伍军人”，英文解释为“someone who has been in the armed forces during a war”如：a Vietnam veteran 越战老兵。
giant
giant表示“巨头，大公司”，英文解释为“Giant is often used to refer to any large, successful business organization or country.”如：Japanese electronics giant, Sony 日本的电子业巨头——索尼公司。
类似的还有：
📍mogul /ˈməʊɡəl/表示“（尤指新闻、影视界的）大人物；大亨”，英文解释为“A mogul is an important, rich, and powerful businessman, especially one in the news, film, or television industry.”如：an international media mogul一位国际传媒大亨。
📍magnate /ˈmæɡneɪt, -nɪt/ 表示“大亨，巨头”，英文解释为“a rich and powerful person in industry or business”。
📍tycoon /taɪˈkuːn/ 表示“巨头，大亨（工商界）”，英文解释为“someone who is successful in business or industry and has a lot of money and power”如：property tycoon 房地产大亨。
📍conglomerate /kənˈglɒmərɪt/ 表示“联合大公司；企业集团”，英文解释为“A conglomerate is a large business firm consisting of several different companies.”如：the world's second-largest media conglomerate 世界第二大传媒集团。
📍behemoth /ˈbiːhɪmɒθ/ 表示“巨头（指规模庞大、实力雄厚的公司或机构）”，英文解释为“a very big and powerful company or organization”。
📍titan表示“巨人；巨头”，英文解释为“If you describe someone as a titan of a particular field, you mean that they are very important and powerful or successful in that field.”
grapple with
1）表示“扭打；搏斗”，英文解释为“to take a firm hold of sb/sth and struggle with them”举个🌰：Passers-by grappled with the man after the attack. 袭击之后过路人便与这男人扭打起来。
2）表示“努力设法解决；尽力解决；设法对付；尽量克服”，英文解释为“to try hard to find a solution to a problem”举个🌰：The government has yet to grapple with the problem of air pollution. 政府还需尽力解决空气污染问题。
🎬电影《钢铁侠3》（Iron Man 3）中的台词提到：trying to grapple with something from some hard-crypt data files 希望能在一些加密的数据文件里找到线索...
stock
1）表示“（商店的）库存，存货”，英文解释为“the total amount of goods or the amount of a particular type of goods available in a shop”
2）表示“股份；股票”，英文解释为“part of the ownership of a company that can be bought by members of the public”举个🌰：Stock prices fell yesterday in heavy trading. 股价昨日放量下跌。
类似的：
📍share作名词，表示“股份，股票”，英文解释为“any of the units of equal value into which a company is divided and sold to raise money. People who own shares receive part of the company's profits.”
The reshuffling at the top, effective on Sept. 10, also comes as Alibaba undergoes a major reorganization. Alibaba is in the process of splitting itself into six independently run companies that could seek separate initial public offerings, a move that would break up the business empire that co-founder Jack Ma had built over two decades.
此次高层变动将于9月10日生效，其背景是阿里巴巴正进行重大重组。阿里巴巴正拆分为六家独立运营的公司，这些公司可能会寻求单独的IPO，此举意味着阿里巴巴联合创始人马云（Jack Ma） 20多年来打造的商业帝国将走向分散。
reshuffle
1）作动词，表示“改组”，英文解释为“When a political leader reshuffles the ministers in a government, he or she changes their jobs so that some of the ministers change their responsibilities.”举个🌰：He told reporters this morning that he plans to reshuffle his entire cabinet. 今晨他告诉记者们他计划改组全体内阁。
2）也可以直接作名词，举个🌰：He has carried out a partial cabinet reshuffle. 他对内阁进行了一次部分改组。
undergo
表示“经历，经受（令人不快的事或变化） ”，英文解释为“to experience something that is unpleasant or something that involves a change”举个🌰：Playing board games is undergoing a revival in popularity. 棋盘游戏正经历着一场复兴。
🎬电影《白日梦想家》（The Secret Life of Walter Mitty）中的台词提到：But as we undergothis transition to LIFE online... we wanted to be candid with you... 但由于我们处于"生活"杂志网络化的过渡期...所以我们想明白告诉你们...
Eddie Wu, who heads the Taobao and Tmall domestic e-commerce business, will succeed Zhang as chief executive and replace Zhang on the board, the company said in a statement Tuesday.
该公司周二在一份公告中称，淘天集团董事长吴泳铭（Eddie Wu）将接替张勇出任阿里巴巴首席执行官，并在该公司董事会中替代张勇。
succeed
succeed /səkˈsiːd/ 1）表示“接替，继任；继承”，英文解释为“to take an official job or position after someone else”举个🌰：He succeeded his father as editor of the paper. 他接替父亲成为了报纸的主编。
2）表示“成功；实现目标；达到目的”，英文解释为“If you succeed, you achieve something that you have been aiming for, and if a plan or piece of work succeeds, it has the results that you wanted.”举个🌰：She's been trying to pass her driving test for six years and she's finally succeeded. 六年来，她一直努力想通过驾照考试，终于得偿所愿。
board
威尔·史密斯被禁止出席奥斯卡活动十年文中提到，board作名词，表示“董事会；理事会；委员会”，英文解释为“the group of people who are responsible for controlling and organizing a company or organization”举个🌰：Every decision has to be approved by the board (of directors). 每项决定都必须由董事会通过。
board作动词，表示“（使）上（船、火车或飞机）”，英文解释为“to get onto or allow people to get onto a boat, train, or aircraft”举个🌰：At the airport she boarded a plane to Hangzhou. 在机场她登上了去杭州的飞机。
Tsai—born in Taiwan and a graduate of Yale University—and Wu are both company veterans who have been with Alibaba since 1999 and, together with Ma, helped develop the group's business strategies and corporate culture.
蔡崇信出生于台湾省，毕业于耶鲁大学（Yale University）。他和吴泳铭都是公司元老，自1999年以来一直在阿里巴巴工作，他们与马云一起参与制定该集团的商业战略和企业文化。
A decade ago, Wu, who is a less-known co-founder led the company's strategy to develop and give priority to its smartphone shopping sites as consumers shifted to using the mobile internet.
十年前，随着消费者转向移动互联网，相对低调的联合创始人吴泳铭主导了阿里巴巴的移动互联网转型策略，开发并优先发展其智能手机购物网站。
Zhang is currently heading Alibaba's cloud-computing unit and will continue to do so, Alibaba said in its statement.
阿里巴巴在公告中表示，张勇将继续担任阿里云智能集团董事长兼首席执行官。
“It is the right time for me to dedicate my full attention and time to the [cloud] business,” Zhang said in a letter to employees that was seen by The Wall Street Journal.
张勇在一封致员工的信中表示，现在是他将全部精力和时间投入到（云）业务中的合适时机。《华尔街日报》（The Wall Street Journal）看到了这封信。
In May, Alibaba said it planned to fully spin off its cloud business and complete its public listing in the next 12 months. It didn't immediately respond to a request for comment on Zhang's letter.
今年5月，阿里巴巴宣布，计划在未来12个月内将其云业务完全分拆并完成上市。阿里巴巴暂未回应关于张勇上述致员工信的置评请求。
spin sth off
1）表示“派生出，衍生出”，英文解释为“to produce a useful and unexpected result in addition to the intended result”举个🌰：The American space program has spun off new commercial technologies. 美国的太空计划衍生出了新的商业技术。
2）表示“将…分离出来（组建新公司）”，英文解释为“to form a separate company from part of an existing company”举个🌰：The company is trying to spin off part of its business. 这家公司正力图将一部分业务分离出来。
list
list作动词，表示“使（公司）上市；（公司）上市”（If a company is listed, or if it lists, on a stock exchange, it obtains an official quotation for its shares so that people can buy and sell them.）举个🌰：Last month, thirty new companies were listed. 上个月有30家公司上市。
📍relist 重新上市。
📍listing作名词，除了表示“（表册上的）位置，项目”，也有“上市”的含义，英文解释为“a position or an item on a list”举个🌰：The company is seeking a stock exchange listing (= for trading shares). 这家公司正在争取上市。
Ma, the billionaire co-founder, was recently in Hangzhou, where Alibaba is based. On Saturday, he attended an annual global mathematics competition that he started in 2018 and chatted with the finalists, according to a statement by Alibaba's research unit.
马云最近现身阿里巴巴总部所在地杭州。阿里巴巴研究部门的公告显示，上周六，马云出席了他在2018年发起的一项年度全球数学竞赛，并与决赛选手交流。
finalist
表示“入围决赛者，决赛选手”，英文解释为“a person or group competing in a final”。
Ma remains the biggest shareholder of Alibaba and still cares very much about the company, Michael Evans, Alibaba's president, said at a technology event in Paris last week.
阿里巴巴总裁Michael Evans上周在巴黎的一个科技活动上表示，马云仍然是阿里巴巴的最大股东，并且仍然非常关心这家公司。
Alibaba has been grappling with sluggish growth, facing a cooling economy and rising competition from homegrown upstarts such as PDD Holding's Pinduoduo e-commerce platform and ByteDance's Douyin short-video platform.
近来阿里巴巴在努力应对增长乏力问题，该公司面临着一系列挑战，包括经济放缓以及来自拼多多（PDD Holdings）旗下电商平台拼多多和字节跳动（Bytedance）旗下短视频平台抖音等本土后起之秀的竞争。
sluggish
sluggish /ˈslʌɡɪʃ/ 表示“萧条的；迟钝的；行动缓慢的；迟缓的；缺乏活力的，性能欠佳的”，英文解释为“moving or operating more slowly than usual and with less energy or power”举个🌰：The housing market has been very sluggish these past few years. 过去这几年房地产市场一直很萧条。
upstart
upstart /ˈʌp.stɑːt/ 1）表示“新出现的竞争者”，英文解释为“a new competitor”举个🌰：Larger drug companies are buying up many of the upstart companies. 大型药企正在收购新兴竞争公司。
2）表示“（尤指年轻的）突然发迹的人，暴发户；新贵”，英文解释为“a person, especially a young one, who has suddenly got power or an important position and takes advantage of this in an unpleasant way”
In the January-to-March quarter, Alibaba posted the slowest revenue growth for the second straight quarter since it went public in 2014.
1-3月季度，阿里巴巴公布的营收增速连续第二个季度录得2014年上市以来的最低水平。
post
1）作名词，表示“职位，职务”，英文解释为“a job in a company or organization”举个🌰：Teaching posts are advertised in Tuesday's edition of the paper. 星期二的报纸上有招聘教师的广告。
📍二〇二一年新年贺词中提到“顽强不屈的坚守”时，原句：holding posts with tenacity. 其中posts指的是岗位，（坚守）岗位。
📍二〇二三年新年贺词：每个人都不容易中提到：Officials and the general public, particularly medical professionals and community workers, have bravely stuck to their posts through it all. 广大干部群众特别是医务人员、基层工作者不畏艰辛、勇毅坚守。
2）此外，经常在网上冲浪的就比较熟悉，post除了作名词，表示“网站上公布的信息；帖子”，英文解释为“something such as a message or picture that you publish on a website or using social media”，也可以作动词，表示“（在网站上）公布，发布（信息）；发（帖）”，英文解释为“to publish something such as a message or picture on a website or using social media”举个🌰：Lots of friends have commented on my post. 很多小伙伴给我的帖子评论了。
3）作动词，表示“公布（公司）财务结果”，英文解释为“to announce a company's financial results”举个🌰：The oil company posted profits of $25.1 billion. 石油公司公布利润为251亿美元。
go public
1) 表示“公开，公之于众”，英文解释为“to tell everyone about something that was secret”举个🌰：The planners are almost ready to go public on the road-building scheme. 规划者们差不多准备好公布筑路方案了。
2) 表示“（公司）公开发售股票，上市”，英文解释为“to become a public company”举个🌰：The company went public in 2023. 这家公司于2023年上市。
🎬电影《美国队长3：内战》（Captain America: Civil War）中的台词提到：Tips have been pouring in since that footage went public. 录像公布后收到了很多线报。
🎬电影《心理游戏》（The Game）中的台词提到：CRS won't go public. They're family owned. 「消服会」不上市，它是家族企业。
Alibaba listed in New York following a blockbuster IPO that remains one of the world's largest-ever stock sales. Zhang was promoted from chief operating officer to CEO the following year and became the company's executive chairman in 2019 when Ma stepped down.
阿里巴巴在纽约挂牌上市前进行了大规模IPO，这宗IPO目前仍在全球有史以来最大规模的股票发售交易之列。次年，张勇从首席运营官升任首席执行官，并于2019年接替马云出任阿里巴巴集团董事局主席。
blockbuster
表示“轰动；巨型炸弹；一鸣惊人的事物；轰动一时的书籍/电影”，英文解释为“a book or film that is very good or successful informal”，如：the latest Hollywood blockbuster 好莱坞最新大片。此前在《流浪地球》（The Wandering Earth）一文中的标题就为：The Wandering Earth is China's biggest sci-fi blockbuster.
🎬电影《创：战纪》（Tron: Legacy）中的台词提到：I would like you to meet, our next blockbuster. 我很乐意向大家呈现我们的巨作。
step down
step down等同于step aside，表示“退位”，英文解释为“If someone steps down or steps aside, they resign from an important job or position, often in order to let someone else take their place.”举个🌰：He has decided to step down as captain of the team. 他决定不再当队长。
类似的还有，
📍quit，除了退出，离开的含义，也有：辞去（工作）；辞职，的含义（If you quit, or quit your job, you choose to leave it.）举个🌰：He quit his job as an office boy. 他辞去了办公室勤杂员的工作。
📺美剧《恋爱手册》（A To Z）中的台词提到：Quit my job and then ask him out? 辞职然后约他出去？
📍resign 1）表示“辞职”，英文解释为“If you resign from a job or position, you formally announce that you are leaving it.”举个🌰：He resigned his position last month. 他上个月辞去了他的职位。
2）表示“使屈从”，英文解释为“If you resign yourself to an unpleasant situation or fact, you accept it because you realize that you cannot change it.”举个🌰：Jane and I resigned ourselves to yet another summer without a boat. 简和我将就着又过了一个没有船的夏天。
Under Zhang, Alibaba was for a time China's most valuable publicly listed company, with a market capitalization that topped $850 billion at its peak in October 2020. Alibaba was subsequently hit with a record $2.8 billion antitrust fine.
在张勇带领下，阿里巴巴一度成为中国市值最高的上市公司，2020年10月其市值一度摸高至逾8,500亿美元。阿里巴巴随后被处以创纪录的28亿美元反垄断罚款。
antitrust
表示“反垄断的”，英文解释为“In the United States, antitrust laws are intended to stop big companies taking over their competitors, fixing prices with their competitors, or interfering with free competition in any way.”
Its shares have lost close to $600 billion in market value from their record high and briefly fell below their New York IPO price last year. Longtime shareholder SoftBank Group of Japan recently unwound its stake in Alibaba.
目前阿里巴巴市值已较其纪录高位缩水了大约6,000亿美元，其在纽约上市的股票价格去年曾短暂破发。长期以来的股东日本软银集团股份有限公司（SoftBank Group）最近将其在阿里巴巴的持股几乎全部套现。
unwind
unwind /ʌnˈwaɪnd/ 1）表示“解开，打开，松开（卷绕之物）”，英文解释为“If you unwind something that is wrapped around an object, you unfasten it, and if it unwinds, it becomes unfastened.”
2）表示“放松；轻松”，英文解释为“to relax and allow your mind to be free from worry after a period of work or some other activity that has made you worried”举个🌰：A glass of wine in the evening helps me to unwind after work. 晚上一杯酒能让我在工作后放松一下。
3）当一个公司或个人“unwind”它们的投资，意味着他们正在减少或出售他们在某个特定资产上的持股。unwind可以表示“出售或者减少某个投资或持股”，英文解释为“To unwind is to reverse or close out a position in an asset. Essentially, it's the process of selling assets that had been purchased or buying back assets that had been sold.”举个🌰：After assessing the risks, the investment firm unwound its positions in several tech stocks. 在评估风险之后，这家投资公司减少了它在几家科技股票上的投资持仓。
Alibaba's Hong Kong-listed shares were 1.6% lower in Tuesday afternoon trading after the company mapped out its leadership succession plan.
在宣布领导层改组计划之后，阿里巴巴在香港上市的股票周二收盘下跌1.5%。
map sth out
map /mæp/ sth out 表示“详细安排；筹划”，英文解释为“to plan something in detail”举个🌰：His future is all mapped out ahead of him. 他的未来全部都事先筹划好了。
Alibaba's restructuring culminates a yearslong shift inside the company to make it more nimble. Alibaba's various businesses will be split up into six major areas: cloud computing, Chinese e-commerce, global e-commerce, digital mapping and food delivery, logistics, and media and entertainment.
近年来阿里巴巴内部一直在进行改革，以使该公司变得更加灵活，此次重组将这一改革推向高潮。阿里巴巴将分拆为六大业务集团：云智能、淘宝天猫商业、国际数字商业、本地生活、菜鸟以及大文娱。
culminate
表示“以…告终；达到…的顶点”，英文解释为“If an event or series of events culminates in something, it ends with it, having developed until it reaches this point.”举个🌰：My arguments with the boss got worse and worse, and finally culminated in my resignation. 我和老板的争吵日益恶化，直到最终我决定换工作。
nimble
nimble /ˈnɪm.bəl/ 表示“（行动）灵活的，敏捷的；（头脑）机敏的，敏锐的”，英文解释为“quick and exact either in movement or thoughts”如：nimble fingers/feet 灵巧的手指/双脚。
logistics
表示“后勤；物流；组织工作”，英文解释为“the practical organization that is needed to make a complicated plan successful when a lot of people and equipment is involved”
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