每日N词|2016年1月合集
A monument was built to commemorate the victory.
纪念碑是为了纪念胜利而建的。
commemorate
v. 纪念，庆祝;成为…的纪念;
①call to remembrance; keep alive the memory of someone or something, as in a ceremony
②be or provide a memorial to a person or an event
This sculpture[雕塑] commemorates the victims of the concentration camps.
③mark by some ceremony or observation
The children huddled together for warmth.
孩子们暖和暖和挤成一团。
huddle [ˈhʌdl]
vi. 挤在一起; （因寒冷或害怕）蜷缩;
vt. 使聚集; 使蜷曲起来; 草率地行事;
①crowd or draw together
let's huddle together--it's cold!
Censure is sometimes harder to bear than punishment.
责难有时比责罚还难以忍受。
Censure [ˈsɛnʃɚ]
harsh criticism or disapproval
n. 责难
v. 责备; 谴责
At the same time I wished to shield her conduct from censure.
同时我还希望掩盖她的举动以免受指责。
The new vaccine eradicated all traces of the disease within three months.
新疫苗在3个月内彻底根出了这种疾病。
vaccine ['vac·cine || 'væksɪːn]
n. 疫苗
Salk vaccine is a "killed" vaccine.
沙克疫苗是一种不会传染的疫苗。
eradicate [e'rad·i·cate || -keɪt]
destroy completely, as if down to the roots
v. 根除, 根绝, 扑灭
The government is making efforts to eradicate racial discriminating.
政府正在努力消除种族歧视。
The children were bereaved by the death of their parents.
孩子失去了双亲。
bereave [bɪˈriv]
deprive through death
vt. 使失去（希望、生命等）; （尤指死亡）使丧失（亲人、朋友等）; 使孤寂; <废>抢走（财物）;
Nothing can bereave us of such sweet memories.
没有什么东西可以夺去我们这样甜蜜的记忆.
deprive [dɪˈpraɪv]
①take away
②take away possessions from someone
③keep from having, keeping, or obtaining
vt. 剥夺，夺去，使丧失;
This law will deprive us of our most basic rights.
这条法律将剥夺我们最基本的权利.
The barbarians defiledthe church by using it as a stable.
蛮夷之人把教堂当作畜生圈，使其受到玷污。
barbarian [bɑr'bɛrɪən]
①a member of an uncivilized people
n. 野蛮人，原始人; 异邦人; 粗野的人; 无教养的人;
②without civilizing influences
adj. 野蛮人的，野蛮的; 异邦的; 未开化的;
We need to fight this barbarian attitude to science.
我们需要与这种对待科学的野蛮态度作斗争。
defile [dɪˈfaɪl]
①make dirty or spotty,as by exposure to air;
vt. 玷污; 污染; 弄脏; 纵列行进;
②a narrow pass(especially one between mountains)
n. 峡谷，隘路;
Dogs defile the park.
狗会把公园弄脏.
stable [ˈstebəl]
a farm building for housing horses or other livestock
n. 厩，马厩，马棚，牛棚; 畜舍
adj. 稳定的; 沉稳
The pregnant woman has an enlarged abdomen.
孕妇大腹偏偏。
▷abdomen ['æbdəmen]
Your abdomen is the middle part of the front of your body, between your chest area and your pelvis[骨盆]. If the doctor asks if your abdomen hurts, the doctor wants to know if you have any pain in your belly area[是否腹痛].
n. 下腹, 腹部
The patient is complaining of pain in the abdomen, doctor.
大夫, 病人在叫肚子疼.
▷The lost hikers were bereft of hope when the rescue plane did not see them.
营救飞机没有发现迷路的徒行者，他们绝望之极了。
▷bereft [bi'reft]
So, they took the thing you most loved, and you're never going to get it back. You've gone beyond just plain grief-stricken[极度忧伤的; 黯然销魂] — you're bereft.
adj. 被剥夺的; 丧失的; 失去亲人的;
vt. 失去…的
Indignation bereft him of speech.
他愤怒得说不出话来.
bereft of
失去（理智、财富、希望等）的
bereft of reason
失去理智
This battlefield is consecrated to the memory of the soldiers who died here.
这个战场纪念那些英勇牺牲在此的战士。
因为缅怀那些牺牲的战士，人们对这个战场充满了敬意。
▷consecrate [ˈkɑ:nsɪkreɪt]
Consecrate means to make holy or to dedicate to a higher purpose. You need to consecrate a building to turn it into a church, but you can also consecrate a week in New York City to the pursuit of the perfect bagel[硬面包圈].
vt. 把…奉为神圣，给…祝圣;奉献，献祭;使就圣职;举行圣体礼使;
adj. 神圣的; 被献给神的;
What experience does is merely to confirm and consecrate our confident dream.
经验之作用无非在于把我们充满自信心的梦境肯定下来,奉为神圣不可侵犯而已.
A good joke does not necessarily evoke a hearty laugh.
极品笑话未必哄然大笑/真正的笑话不是笑话。
▷evoke [ɪˈvoʊk]
【释义】
The verb evoke most commonly means to bring a feeling, memory, or picture into the mind. When you visit your old elementary school, the smells, sounds, and colors there can evoke memories from the past.
vt. 产生，引起; 唤起
These images are likely to evoke a strong response in the viewer.
这些图像可能会在观众中产生强烈反响.
▷hearty [ˈhɑ:rti]
【释义】
Hearty describes abundant, full, and satisfying things, and lively, strong, and enthusiastic people. A bowl of thick chili with cheese and a glass of milk is hearty. A spoon of water with a grape? Not so hearty.
adj. 衷心的，热诚的; 健壮的，精神饱满的; 丰盛的; 猛烈的;
n. 朋友们，伙伴们
He ate a hearty breakfast.
他享用了一顿丰盛的早餐.
Wheels left grooves in a muddy dirt road.
车辙印在泥泞路上。
▷groove [ɡruv]
【释义】
A groove is an indentation or rut in something — like the grooves on an old record.
n. 沟，槽
The cupboard door slides open along the groove.
食橱门沿槽移开.
▷indentation [ˌɪndɛnˈteʃən]
【释义】
An indentation is a notch, cut, or dent in something. If you take a hammer[铁锤;榔头;链球] to a piece of metal, you will make a series of indentations.
n. 凹进; 行首缩格; 凹口; 缺口
A shallow notch, cut , or indentation on a surface.
表面上的较浅的刻槽 、 刻痕或缺口.
The old car jolted its passengers badly as it went over the rough road.
老爷车通过颠簸路段时，车上的人颠来倒去。
▷jolt [dʒoʊlt]
【释义】
To jolt someone is to disturb them or make them jump. A jolt is sudden and jarring.
Jolting disturbs or surprises people.
If you surprise someone and they jump up a little, you jolted them.
Alarm clocks jolt people out of sleep.
A sudden crack of thunder could provide a jolt.
The unexpected barking of a dog could jolt you.
Jolting is quick and not very pleasant.
A jolt jars and stuns you.
Some jolts are more serious: crashing your car jolts the people in the car violently.
vt. (使)摇动，(使)震惊;使颠簸;
vi. 摇晃,颠簸而行
A violent explosion seemed to jolt the whole ground.
剧烈的爆炸好像要把整个地面都掀起来。
Bowing to greet a lady is now an obsolete custom.
见女士弯腰致礼已是昔日旧习。
▷obsolete [,ɑbsə'lit]
【释义】
Use the adjective obsolete for something that is out of date. As the Rolling Stones song "Out of Time" goes, "You're obsolete, my baby, my poor old-fashioned baby."
adj. 废弃的；老式的
n. 废词；陈腐的人
With technological changes many traditional skills have become obsolete.
随着技术的革新，许多传统技艺已被淘汰。
obsolete equipment
陈旧设备
Many wild animals prowl at night looking for something to eat.
许多野生动物在夜间捕猎觅食/兽类多半在夜间觅食。
▷prowl [praʊl]
【释义】
If you move stealthily[暗地里] — like you're looking for something to prey on[捕食；掠夺] — then you prowl. Your cat might prowl around the room and pounce on[猛扑;扑过去抓住] your feet, which is cute if you're awake, but annoying when you're asleep.
vi. 徘徊，潜行
vt. 在…搜寻；潜行于
n. 徘徊，潜行；悄悄踱步
In the evening I used to prowl about, hunting for diversion.
晚上我总是偷偷地溜出去,想寻找一点消遣。
prowl car
巡逻车 ; 警察巡逻车 ; 警车
The children scooped holes in the sand.
孩子们在沙地掏洞。
▷scoop [skup]
【释义】
Most people think of ice cream when they think of the noun scoop but journalists who get a story before others do get a scoop, and dog owners need to scoop up after their dogs or else they will get a ticket for littering.
n. 铲子,勺子,穴,口,独家新闻
vt. 汲取,舀取,挖空,抢先报道,发布
Halve the pineapple and scoop out the inside.
将菠萝对半切开，挖出里面的果肉。
The farmer sued the railroad station because his cow was killed by the train.
那位农夫因为他的牛丧生于车轮之下而起诉了火车站。
▷sue [s(j)uː]
【释义】
If you sue someone, you're accusing them (in court) of doing something wrong or illegal and demanding that they pay for it. Almost every time someone sues, they're looking for money.
One of the last things you want to hear is "I'll sue you!" People sue for a lot of reasons. If you slipped on the ice, you could sue the sidewalk owner for not putting salt down. If you were in a car accident, you could sue the other driver. Years ago, someone sued McDonald's for scalding themselves on a cup of coffee they said was too hot. Sometimes it seems like people will find any reason to sue.
vt. 控告;请求
vi. 控告;提出请求
I can sue you for slander.
我可以控告你进行诬陷。
sue sb. for sth. 控告sb要求sth
sue for sth (常用于法庭上)请求
sue for peace 请求和解
sue (for) one's livery
(继承人)向法院起诉要求继承财产
The bandit in a typical Western movie rides a horse and goes armed either alone or in a group.
无论独自一人还是成群结队，典型的西方电影里的强盗总是骑着马，带着武器。
▷bandit ['bændɪt]
【释义】
A bandit is a robber, thief, or outlaw[歹徒;罪犯]. If you cover your face with a bandanna, jump on your horse, and rob the passengers on a train, you're a bandit.
n. 强盗, 土匪; 敲诈者; 恶棍, 歹徒
The police frustrated the bandit's attempt to rob the bank.
警方挫败了匪徒抢劫银行的企图.
Running in the hall is a deviation from the school rules and will not be allowed.
在礼堂里奔跑违反了学校的纪律，并且是不允许的。
▷deviation ['divɪ'eʃən]
【释义】Anything that varies from the accepted norm or standard is called a deviation. It is common in math and science, but it can refer to anything that differs from the expected.
n. 背离，偏离; 离经叛道的行为
A minimal error or deviation may result in wide divergence.
失之毫厘,谬以千里.
deviation from the rules
违背规则;违反规则
She could bear the disappointments of other people with tolerable fortitude.
她可以容忍别人的不满。
▷fortitude ['fɔːtɪtjuːd]
【释义】Fortitude refers to strength in the face of adversity or difficulty. Eating fried worms might require a lot of intestinal fortitude[勇气;毅力].
n. 刚毅;不屈不挠;勇气
He suffered a long series of illnesses with tremendous dignity and fortitude.
他在病魔的长久折磨下表现出了高度的尊严和刚毅。
▷intestinal [ɪn'tɛstɪnl]
【释义】of or relating to or inside the intestines
adj. 肠的
intestinal disease
肠道疾病
The little girl was inconsolable at the loss of her kitten.
小女孩失去了小猫咪感到很伤心。
▷inconsolable ['ɪnkən'soləbl]
【释义】Someone inconsolable can't be comforted because they're extremely sad and despairing.
To console someone is to comfort them with kind words, hugs, or otherwise. When someone is inconsolable, they're so upset that all the words and hugs in the world are ineffective. An inconsolable person can't be consoled. People are inconsolable after horrible things happen, like the death of a family member or a friend. Some people are inconsolable after losing their jobs or suffering disappointments. If you're depressed, you could be inconsolable. This is a strong word for extreme sadness.
adj. 无法安慰的;悲痛欲绝的;极度沮丧的
They were inconsolable when their only child died.
他们唯一的孩子去世简直让他们痛不欲生。
Aren't you hungry? You are only nibbling your food.
你不饿吗？你只吃了一丁点东西。
▷nibble ['nɪbl]
v. 一点点地咬;轻咬;吹毛求疵;
(审慎地)表示有意接受
【释义】
①bite off very small pieces
She nibbled on her cracker
②bite gently
The woman tenderly nibbled at her baby's ear
③eat intermittently; take small bites of
She never eats a full meal--she just nibbles
nibble at
一点一点地咬;吹毛求疵;啃
The coronation of the new king was a splendid pageant.
新王的加冕礼是一次辉煌的盛典。
▷coronation ['kɔrə'neʃən]
【释义】A coronation is the ceremony when a new King (or Queen, let's not be sexist) is officially installed. A coronation is usually quite glitzy and full of pomp.
n. 加冕礼
The coronation will take place after the mourning period.
加冕礼将在服丧期过后举行。
▷pageant ['pædʒənt]
【释义】A pageant is an elaborate show or parade that usually depicts a historical or religious event, although these days more people know them as Miss America-type beauty contests.
n. 盛会;游行;虚饰;露天表演
Life was a colorful painful pageant to her.
生活对她说来是一场丰富多彩而痛苦的表演。
After the scourge of flood usually comes the scourge of disease.
水灾之后，通常瘟疫会接踵而来。
▷scourge [skɝdʒ]
【释义】A scourge is a whip[鞭子] — or anything else that is punishing and dreadful. You could confront "a scourge of corruption" or "a scourge of hunger."
As a verb, scourge means to cause suffering. Not surprisingly, it comes from the old French word meaning "to whip." A dictatorship[专政;独裁] could scourge and oppress its citizens, and an infectious disease could scourge an entire community. When you see scourge, think "suffering."
vt. 鞭打;蹂躏;严斥;痛斥
n. 鞭;灾祸;鞭子;苦难的根源
Inflation was the greatest scourge of society.
通货膨胀是社会上的最大祸害。
The crippled child tumbled down the stairs and was badly hurt.
那个跛着脚的孩子从楼梯上跌落下来，受了重伤。
▷crippled ['krɪpld]
【释义】
When something is crippled, it's not working properly. Your bike might be crippled by the broken front brake that won't let the wheel turn freely.
You can used the adjective crippled to talk about a broken machine or a process that's not working the way it should. It was once commonly used to describe a physically disabled person, but this has become an offensive term and should be avoided. The word crippled comes from the Old English crypel, which is related to cryppan, "to crook or to bend."
adj. 残废的,跛腿的
v. 使成跛子;使受伤致残
The factory was entirely crippled by the strike.
罢工使这个工厂完全瘫痪了。
▷tumble ['tʌmbl]
【释义】
When you tumble, you fall abruptly. You might trip over your shoelaces and tumble down a hill while flying a kite if you're not careful.
vi. 摔倒;倒塌;滚动;打滚;仓惶地行动
vt. 使摔倒;使滚翻;弄乱
Both of the wrestlers tried to tumble the adversary with all their strength.
双方摔跤运动员都使出了全身气力想把对手摔倒。
There are many illnesses, which afflict old people.
有许多疾病困扰着老年人。
▷afflict [ə'flɪkt]
【释义】
To afflict is to cause suffering, pain, or misery. It's often associated with medical conditions. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome[腕管综合征] is most likely to afflict someone who spends many hours every day typing on our computers.
vt. 折磨;使痛苦;使苦恼
Famine and war still afflict mankind.
饥荒与战争依旧给人类带来痛苦。
▷affliction [ə'flɪkʃ(ə)n]
【释义】
An affliction makes you suffer, but you have to deal with it anyway. Diseases are often said to be afflictions, but the word can mean just about anything that causes great suffering.
n. 疼痛,折磨,悲痛;造成痛苦的事物
help people in affliction
帮助受苦的人
The thief intruded into the house with caution and dissimulation.
窃贼小心而隐蔽地潜入了那所住宅。
▷intrude [ɪn'trʊd]
【释义】
When someone says, “I hate to intrude, but…” you can bet she is in fact going to interrupt your conversation or insert her opinion, even though it isn't wanted. House burglars also intrude, but they don't usually announce it first.
vt. 把…强加;把…硬挤
vi. 闯入;侵入;侵扰
Be strict, and don't let them intrude on your thoughts.
你必须坚定立场，不能让它们侵入你的思维。
▷dissimulation [dɪ,sɪmjə'leʃən]
【释义】
The noun dissimulation describes the act of faking your true feelings. Your dissimulation of happiness might fool strangers but your close friends can tell it's all an act.
n. 掩饰;虚伪;装糊涂
He was capable of great dissimulation and hypocrisy.
他很会掩饰和伪装。
Nowadays, it is an inhumane punishment to flog the disobedient soldiers or sailors.
如今，对违抗命令的士兵或水手施以笞刑是一种不人道的惩罚。
▷flog [flɒg]
【释义】
To flog is to beat or hit, especially with a tool like a stick or rod. A cruel trainer might flog an unruly horse with a whip.
vt. 鞭打,鞭策;迫使
vi. 剧烈抖动;除尘
to flog a dead horse
徒劳,枉费心机
to flog something to death
[口语](对某事)反复啰唆使人厌烦
The school does not have the authority to flog the student.
学校无权鞭打处罚学生.
▷disobedient ['dɪsə'bidɪənt]
【释义】
Someone who's disobedient doesn't follow the rules. If your dog won't sit, stay, or heel, you can describe her as disobedient.
adj. 不服从的;违背的;不孝的
Her tone was that of a parent to a disobedient child.
她的语气就像是一个家长在训自己不听话的孩子。
According to the inscription on its cornerstone, this building was erected in 1919.
从奠基石上的铭文可知这座建筑建于1919年。
▷inscription [ɪn'skrɪpʃən]
【释义】
Inscription is a fancy word for “writing” — the act of writing or a small bit of writing. You weren't excited when you received the card, but the inscription inside made you weep with emotion. Here, have a tissue.
n. 题词;铭文;刻印
The donor engraved the following inscription upon it.
捐献者在它上面刻下了如下铭文。
▷erect [ɪ'rekt]
【释义】
Erect means "build" or "upright." If you erect a house, you build it. If you stand erect, you hold your body as tall as possible.
vt. 使竖立;建造;安装
adj. 竖立的;笔直的
They plan to erect an apartment house on that property.
他们计划在那片地产上建造一座公寓楼。
John rummaged all the drawers to find his gloves.
约翰翻遍了所有的抽屉找他的手套。
▷rummage ['rʌmɪdʒ]
【释义】
Rummage means to search for something, but in a scattered, disorganized manner. You can rummage through your drawer looking for a lost sock, or you could even hold "a rummage sale[清仓拍卖;义卖]" to sell off all your socks that are missing their mates.
vt. 检查;搜出;仔细搜查;翻找出
n. 翻找;检查;查出的物件;零星杂物
vi. 翻找;仔细搜查
She rummaged some change out of her purse.
她从钱包里翻出了一些零钱。
The water spouted out when the pipe was broken.
管道破裂之后，水喷涌而出。
▷spout [spaʊt]
【释义】
A spout is the narrow opening in the edge of a container that makes it easier to neatly pour its contents. A pitcher's spout helps you direct your orange juice into your glass.
n. 喷口;水龙卷;水落管;水柱
vt. 喷出;喷射;滔滔不绝地讲;把…典当掉
vi. 喷出;喷射;滔滔不绝地讲
Blood spouted from my leg.
血一下子从我的腿上流了下来。
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每日N词|20160130-rummage
每日N词|20160129-inscription-erect
每日N词|20160128-flog-disobedient
每日N词|20160127-intrude-dissimulation
每日N词|20160126-afflict-affliction
每日N词|20160125-crippled-tumble
每日N词|20160124-scourge
每日N词|20160123-coronation-pageant
每日N词|20160122-nibble
每日N词|20160121-inconsolable
每日N词|20160120-fortitude-intestinal
每日N词|20160119-deviation
每日N词|20160118-bandit
每日N词|20160117-sue
每日N词|20160116-scoop
每日N词|20160115-prowl
每日N词|20160114-obsolete
每日N词|20160113-jolt
每日N词|20160112-groove-indentation
每日N词|20160111-evoke-hearty
每日N词|20160110-consecrate
每日N词|20160109-abdomen-bereft
每日N词|20160108-barbarian-defile-stable
每日N词|20160107-bereave-deprive
每日N词|20160106-vaccine-eradicate
每日N词|20160105-censure
每日N词|20160104-huddle
每日N词|20160103-commemorate
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