我说不好绕口令,也会影响口语吗?
国际音标
International Phonetic Alphabet
而 “moon” 与 “blue”、“blown”、“through” 还有 “shoe” 押韵,因为它们都含有/uː/的音。
Moon /muːn/
Blue /bluː/
Blew /bluː/
Through /θruː/
Shoe /ʃuː/
在牛津大学出版社的 “The English File Sound Bank” 里有一个很有意思的象形图系统,帮助学习者将每个国际音标符号图片和单词联系到一起。例如,/e/ 的发音是“egg”,/ɜː/ 的发音是 “bird”,都会有一个匹配的象形图,这样就更容易理解、学习和记忆哪些符号对应哪些音标的发音。
两个建议,供大家参考:
1.单词咋读,无需再猜!
The IPA spellings on the Oxford Dictionaries website show you which IPA sounds are in a word, and which syllables are stressed. The apostrophe indicates the start of a stressed syllable, which is slightly longer and louder. This means you can get the pronunciation correct WITHOUT being misled by the spelling.
牛津词典网站上的国际音标拼写会告诉你一个单词中有哪些国际音标发音,以及哪些音节是重读的:撇号表示重读音节的开头,这个音节发音稍长、声音稍大。这会帮助你正确发音而不被拼写所误导。
It also shows you where vowels are pronounced in a weak form. In the word ‘occasionally’ /əˈkeɪʒnəli/, the first‘o’and the‘a’in the final syllable are both pronounced as the weak /ə/ vowel, the schwa. This sound is made in the centre of the mouth, with your tongue not touching your lips, teeth, or palate. It sounds a bit like ‘uh’.
Don’t be fooled by how simple it seems. The schwa is the most common sound in the English language. So, if you only learn one symbol from the IPA chart…make sure it’s the schwa!
国际音标还会教你元音在哪里应该弱读。比如,在单词' occasionally ' /əˈkeɪʒnəli/ 中,第一个 “o” 和最后一个音节的 “a” 都发为弱元音 /ə/ 。这个音是在嘴巴的中心发出的,舌头不接触嘴唇、牙齿或上颚。听起来有点儿像 'uh' 。
可不要被它简单的外表所迷惑,弱读音是英语中最常见的读音——就算你只能从国际音标表中学到一个读音,那一定得是弱读音!
2.全部练习?重点先行!
Rather than try to learn all 44 common sounds in British English, identify the most relevant or difficult ones for you and practise those. Why not start with a pronunciation list of 5-10 words per week. These might be words you come across reading your coursebook, fiction books, on short video, or in conversation.
与其学习英语中44个元音和辅音,不如找出与你最相关或你认为最难的音,然后全力以赴地练习。不如就从每周练习5 - 10个单词的发音开始吧!这些词可以是从你读过的课本、小说、短视频或日常对话中发现的。
Look up the IPA and then practise saying the sounds, first in isolation, then blended together. Can you spot any patterns? Which IPA sounds keep coming up? Find more words with these sounds, and practise those too.
查一下国际音标,然后去练习这些单词的发音,先单独练习,然后再混合练习。你能发现其中的规律吗?哪个国际音标的发音经常出现?找出更多带有这些发音的单词,然后加强练习他们。
国际音标乍一看可能很复杂
但这些技巧会帮助你更有效、流利、自信地
读英语,听英语,讲英语
本文撰稿:
逗逗姐姐 & 何佳源
参考来源:
Oxford Learning Tips:
https://learningenglishwithoxford.com
/2021/08/24/international-phonetic-alphabet/
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