赞！这位教科院的“网红教授”有点厉害！
虽然因为疫情的原因我们未能与老师见面，但是通过网络也依然能够感受到老师的耐心与热情，从访谈回答的字里行间，我们也能够感受到罗斯坦老师对南师浓浓的爱以及对学术研究的不懈追求。
下面，就和官微菌一起走近这位超受欢迎的“网红教授”吧！
个人简介
罗斯坦（Rustam Shadiev），乌兹别克斯坦籍，台湾中大教育技术学博士毕业，现为南京师范大学教育科学学院教授。母语为俄语和乌兹别克语，熟练掌握英语等语言。
南师情怀
官微菌：您是如何看待NNU的学生、老师和教学氛围的呢？
罗斯坦：I feel that NNU atmosphere is very friendly. Many students and teachers try to show their care to me and help when I experience any problems. They are also very diligent and hardworking. For these reasons, we accomplished many research problems with NNU students and teachers.
（我觉得南京师范大学的教学气氛真的非常友好。在我遇到问题的时候，这里的学生还有老师都会很热情地向我表示关心，还会给予我很多的帮助。而且我觉得他们也非常勤奋。正是在这样的氛围之中，我与南师大的学生和老师们共同完成了许多研究项目。）
官微菌：您是否愿意分享一些有关您在NNU教学和生活的经历呢？
罗斯坦：From my teaching experience, I found that local students are very responsible and hardworking. I never had any students miss my class or fail to submit their homework when I work in NNU. This is very amazing. In terms of my life experience, I learned about local culture a lot. For example, I went to Fuzimiao temple to learn about local teachers from the past. There I saw many temples, souvenir shops and small river with many boats, which gave me very historical and cultural feeling.
（在南师大教学的过程中,我发现这里的学生真的非常富有责任心，也十分勤奋刻苦。比如在我教学时，从来没有学生缺课或没有提交作业的情况。我觉得这群学生真的很棒！
至于我在南京的日常生活，更多的一方面是我了解到了很多的当地文化。例如，我为了了解过去当地老师的情况而去过夫子庙考察。然后在那儿我看到了许多历史悠久的寺庙、穿梭在秦淮河上的船只，还有各色各异的纪念品商店等等……所有的这些都给了我一种厚重的历史感，向我展示着南京的文化底蕴。）
官微菌：您在NNU教授中国学生时遇到过什么困难吗？
罗斯坦：One big difficulty I came across is cross-cultural misunderstanding. Because we are from different cultures, there were some situations when I had such misunderstanding. However, it was solved very quickly through negotiation and discussion. For students to learn English in a more effective way, I suggest to read more books in English, watch more movies in English, and communicate with others in English. I believe this will help improve English ability.
（我最常遇到的困难就是跨文化交流造成的各种误解。因为我们成长在不同的文化环境之中，所以在某些情况下，彼此在理解同一个问题的时候就会产生各种各样的偏差。但是，通过友好地协商和讨论，这些误解就会很快得到解决。）
官微菌：您精通多国语言，您能为学生提供一些更有效学习英语的建议吗？
罗斯坦：For students to learn English in a more effective way, I suggest to read more books in English, watch more movies in English, and communicate with others in English. I believe this will help improve English ability.
（提到高效的学习英语的方法，我真的非常建议学生们多去阅读英语书籍还有多多观看英语电影，除此之外也建议大家经常和他人用英语进行交流。我相信这些对于提高同学们的英语水平是很有帮助的！）
学术追求
主要研究方向：
语音识别技术（STR）在学习中的应用
语音识别技术STR和自动翻译技术CAT应用于跨文化学习
移动技术支持的语言学习
多感触控技术在合作学习环境中的应用
网络多媒体学习系统
官微菌：您是如何想到研究启用语音的语言翻译技术（SELT）的？
罗斯坦：My research topic during doctoral program was speech-to-text recognition (STR). The STR system generated texts from the voice input and shows them to students during learning. STR-texts can help students follow the lecturer, take notes or make up missed content during lectures. The idea was to extend STR application because if the instructor lectures in a foreign language then not all students are able to understand lecture content, especially students with low foreign language abilities. SELT is an extension of STR; in addition to generating texts from the voice input, it also simultaneously translates the STR texts into the students’ native language. In this case, students with low foreign language ability can understand lecture content if it is in a foreign language.
（我在攻读博士课程期间的研究主题是语音文本识别（STR）。
STR系统就是一个可以用语音输入然后生成文本的系统，同时能在学习过程中向学生显示文本。STR文本可以帮助学生紧跟讲师的授课思路、做好笔记或者更好地弥补讲课中遗漏的内容。我最初的想法是拓宽STR应用面，因为当讲师用外语讲课的时候，可能并不是所有的学生都能够很好地理解教授的内容，特别是那些外语能力较弱的学生。
然后 SELT是STR的扩展；除了通过语音输入生成文本外，它可以同时将STR文本翻译为学生的母语，在这种情况下，外语能力较弱的学生也可以听懂外语教学内容。）
官微菌：我们从您的论文中获悉，您是根据21名学生的实验数据进行的研究。您能否详细介绍一下呢？
罗斯坦：Yes, there were many difficulties. The main one was about achieving high accuracy rate. Because if texts generated by SELT have many mistakes, then they will not be meaningful and useful for learning. We came up with several strategies, for example, a speaker needs to speak clearly, not too fast and not too slow, spoken sentences should be short and words less ambiguous. Another problem was that our participants had no previous experience in such cross-cultural learning projects supported by SELT technology. Therefore, we instructed our participants very well, for example we explained all steps of the project, what and when we expect them to communicate with their foreign partners as well as how to use technology during their cross-cultural communication.
（其实在研究过程中有很多困难，其中最主要的一个就是如何让系统达到一个较高的准确率。因为如果SELT生成的文本中存在很多错误，那么它们对学习将没有任何意义和帮助。
在我们团队克服这道难题的过程中，我们曾经提出过几种策略，例如：要求说话者表达更清楚，不要太快也不要太慢，口语句子尽量精简，词义应该尽可能得少一些……
然后还有一个问题就是，我们的参与者并没有参与SELT技术支持的跨文化学习项目的研究经验。因此，我们需要很好地去指导他们。例如：我们要解释清楚该项目的所有步骤，说明我们希望他们什么时候去和外国伙伴们进行交流，以及如何在跨文化交谈中去使用这项技术。）
官微菌：您是如何看待您的研究最终将有益于课堂教学的？在论文的总结中您提到需要活动，那么您将设计哪些活动以使学生更好、更快地理解跨文化和跨文化敏感性呢？
罗斯坦：I believe that our research results can be beneficial for teaching and research community in the field of cross-cultural education. Our society becomes more and more globalized and our work and study require us to communicate with people from other cultures. However, not many people can do it because of deficiencies in their foreign language abilities. So SELT can help address the language gap issue in such situation. As for the learning activity, I suggest that 4-step activity should be designed: step 1 – students introduce themselves to one another to know each other better,step 2 – students share their own culture and traditions, step 3 – students learn about each other culture and try to experience it through active learning (e.g. French students share their local food recipes and Chinese students try to cook French food and understand related history and culture), step 4 – student reflect on their experiences.
（我相信我们的研究成果可以为跨文化教育领域的教学和研究人员带来十分巨大的帮助。随着全球化的进一步深入，我们的工作和学习每时每刻都要求我们掌握与其他文化的人们进行交流的能力。但是，由于很多学生的外语能力存在不足，很多人还不能够很好地做到这一点。因此我们很希望SELT系统可以帮助解决这种情况下的一个语言差距问题。
至于学习活动，我建议应设计4个步骤的活动：
第1步–学生互相介绍以增进对彼此的了解。
第2步–学生分享自己民族的文化和传统。
第3步–学生了解彼此的文化并尝试通过积极学习来体验。
例如，法国学生分享他们当地的美食食谱；中国学生尝试烹饪法国美食并了解相关的历史和文化。
第4步–学生反思自己的经历。）
非常感谢罗斯坦老师在百忙之中抽出时间来接受访谈，或许正是因为老师的耐心和热情，才会让众多的南师学子成为老师的粉丝吧！
让我们一起期待罗斯坦老师早日回到中国，与我们在南师的课堂上相见吧！
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文案 | 钱腾 董迎图片由罗斯坦老师本人提供审核 | 马云舒 金秋婷 蒋婷 陈思佳编辑 | 刘勃
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