巾帼不让须眉——中国的太空探索之路需要女航天员！
中国女性在航天领域扮演了越来越重要的角色。与男性航天员相比，女性航天员在生理和心理方面都有她们的独特优势。
一提到中国的女航天员，很多人最先想到的就是刘洋和王亚平。
（航天员刘洋；图 via VCG）
（航天员王亚平；图 via VCG）
女航天员的训练标准与男性航天员一样吗？
比起男性航天员，女性航天员的身体素质和心理素质方面，有什么特点？
Global Times 带你走近中国女航天员的世界。
（图 via Global Times）
Chinese women are playing a more significant role in the country’s aerospace programs, working as astronauts, helping develop aeromedicine and Mars exploration, according to an expert.
中国女性在航天领域扮演了越来越重要的角色，作为航天员，她们可以帮助航空医学以及火星探测事业进一步发展。
Two women, Liu Yang and Wang Yaping, are members of the seventh team of Chinese astronauts. They were selected from a group of married female transport plane pilots, and are among China’s first 10 astronauts who have been in space.
刘洋和王亚平就是最好的例证。她们是中国第七批宇航员中的两位女性，也是中国至今飞上太空的10名宇航员中的两位女性。她们是从已婚的运输机飞行员中挑选出来的佼佼者。
（航天员刘洋凯旋。图 via 庞之浩）
Both Liu and Wang worked in space as mission specialists and were shown to have excellent physical and psychological attributers, Pang Zhihao, national chief science communication expert of space exploration technology, told the Global Times on Thursday.
全国空间探测技术首席科学传播专家庞之浩告诉环球时报英文版的记者，两人都曾经作为任务专家登上太空，并且在完成任务的过程中展现出了出色的身体和心理素质。
Pang said female astronauts have unique advantages in both psychology and physiology. They are more emotionally stable and more capable of enduring loneliness. Pang also maintains that women have better work efficiency as they are more considerate and have better superior communication skills than men.
庞之浩专家说，女性航天员在生理和心理方面都有她们的独特优势。她们的心理状态更稳定，也更能忍受孤独，而且女性的善解人意和较强的沟通技巧可以提高工作效率。
Wang Yaping, who is also a deputy of the National People’s Congress, said working on China’s soon-to-be-launched space station requires special training to carry out extravehicular activities and learning how to use the station’s robotic arms, Voice of Straits Broadcasting Station reported.
身为全国人大代表的王亚平在接受海峡之声的专访时说，即将建设的中国空间站任务比之前的载人航天任务要求更高更严，包括要熟练机械臂操作出舱活动等训练项目。
Wang’s mission in 2013 was onboard the Tiangong-1 space lab module with five other astronauts. She delivered China's first televised science lecture to an audience of more than 60 million schoolchildren and teachers in China.
王亚平曾经在2013年和另外五位航天员一起乘神舟-10飞船上天，并与天宫-1对接。在太空实验室里，王老师为中国六千多万师生上了一堂特殊的科学课，中国航天史上首次太空电视播放课程。
“I hope to give another lesson from China’s space station,” she said.
王亚平说：“如果有机会的话，我当然希望能够在空间站里面，再上一堂太空课。”
（中国第一个太空教师王亚平在太空授课。图 via 庞之浩）
Women have lower iron content and produce less waste than men, making them less likely to contract diseases such as thrombus, which makes them more adaptable to long-term space flight, Pang said.
女性在太空中体内铁的含量和产生的废物较低，所以不易出现血栓等疾病，这也使得女性航天员更加适合长期载人航天任务。
Pang noted that a mission to Mars would be a long journey and female astronauts are suitable for long-term space explorations.
据此，庞之浩专家说，将来中国的载人火星探测任务一定离不开女性航天员，原因的话请考虑一下地球与火星之间那么长的距离。
Training and selection standards for people wanting to become astronauts are basically the same for men and women, Pang said.
其实，航天员的训练和选拔并没有特殊照顾女性，男女的标准基本是一样的。
Liu Yang, China’s first female astronaut, who flew into space in June 2012 aboard Shenzhou 9, completed 15 aeromedicine experiments including collecting harmful gas inside the capsule.
刘洋是中国第一位上太空的女性航天员，她在2012年6月乘神舟9号成功上天，并且完成了15项航天医学实验，包括收集舱内的有害气体。
（女航天员刘洋在天宫1号模拟舱内训练舱内检查实验设备（秦宪安摄） 图 via 庞之浩）
Wang’s lecture, from China’s space lab in June 2013, centered on experiments that can utilize zero gravity. The 40-minute-lecture ignited space dreams among millions of Chinese students, the Xinhua News Agency reported in March 2018.
王亚平2013年的太空讲座的主要内容是如何利用零重力条件开展实验。40分钟的讲解激发了数以百万计年轻学生的太空梦想。
Wang and Liu continue to receive training for future space missions. Pang predicts that the duo will take the spotlight on China’s first space station that will be completed around 2022.
这两位女性航天员现在还在继续接受训练，庞之浩专家预测她们会在于2022年建成的中国太空站中大展身手。
In the US, two NASA astronauts will conduct the first all-women spacewalk on March 29, according to a female flight controller who tweeted the announcement on March 1.
全世界的女性航天员都在努力。一名女性飞行管制员3月1日在twitter上公开消息，称美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的两位女航天员即将于3月29日进行太空行走。
The China Manned Space Engineering Office announced Monday that the core module of the country's space station, the payload on the Long March-5B carrier rocket will be sent to the launch site later this year, to make preparations for the space station missions, according to Xinhua.
中国载人航天工程办公室周一发布消息称，我国空间站飞行任务即将拉开序幕。空间站核心舱、长征五号B运载火箭和首飞载荷将在今年下半年先后运往航天发射场，为空间站任务做准备。
你对女性航天员有什么了解？欢迎留言讨论！
文字：Ji Yuqiao ；Deng Xiaoci
图片：Pang Zhihao; Qin Xian'an；VCG；网络
整合：Wang Han
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