“未来街道”将会怎样？我们来告诉你！
在今年的国际景观建筑节上，普利斯设计集团受澳大利亚景观建筑师学会邀请，主导设计了活动中的重头戏——“未来街道”的设计。什么是“未来街道”？“未来街道”又具有怎样的表现形式及功能？让我们一起来了解一下。
Australian Institute of Landscape Architects (AILA) approached Place Design Group to lead the design for Future Street as part of the 2017 International Festival of Landscape Architecture. What is Future Street? What are the forms and functions of Future Street? Please read the following article.
未来街道
Future Street
自动驾驶汽车、智慧城市科技、都市农业和都市景观规划需求的出现带来了许多新的机会，“未来街道”正是在此背景下，将未来的街道可能和应该的表现形式视觉化的展示出来。它对“我们将更多的公共空间让人、而不是车辆来使用”这一议题的可能性进行了测试。无论是新型的还是不同的出行选择，都是为了让人们更好的在城市中生活和居住，享受生活。
The Future Street is a conceptual visualisation of how our streets of the future may look, and arguably will need to look, responding to opportunities created by the introduction of autonomous vehicles, smart city technology, urban agriculture and urban landscape imperatives. It tests the possibilities, if we dedicate less of our public spaces to cars and return them for people to use. Both for new and different mobility options, but also to live and enjoy our cities and streets.
“未来街道”由普利斯设计集团设计，展现了基于景观、基础设施建设和科技发展所产生的创新理念使我们的城市、城郊和城镇变得更加宜居、富有生产力、具有可持续性。“未来街道”的“营建”汇集了拥有不同背景、来自不同领域的都市领导人，他们正寻求重塑街道在未来的角色，并希望将绿色街道、完整街道和智慧街道的议程融合在一起。
The Future Street project has been designed by Place Design Group to showcase innovative ideas around landscape, infrastructure and technology to make our cities, suburbs and towns more liveable, productive and sustainable. The Future Street installation is facilitating a unique multi-disciplinary and multi-sector gathering of urban leaders who are seeking to reimagine the role of the street in the future, and who are aspiring to bring the green street, complete street, and smart street agenda’s together.
What is the Internet of Things?
物联网：植入到日常用品中的计算机设备之间通过互联网互相连接，进行数据接收。
The interconnection (via the Internet) of computing devices embedded in everyday objects, enabling them to send and receive data.
物联网（loT）休息室是“未来街道”的神经中枢和数据中心。休息室是数字仪表板和技术服务商的大本营。数字仪表板显示从街上的传感器中收集到的关键数据；技术服务商则能展现发展中的物联网与智慧城市科技。
The Internet of Things (IoT) Lounge is the nerve centre and data hub of the Future Street Project. The Lounge is home to digital dashboards displaying key data being collected from sensors in the street as well as a host of technology providers undertaking demonstration of emerging IoT and Smart City technology.
以“未来街道”为表现形式的物联网通常体现为在街道或普通地方，如电线杆、箱子等中置入的网络或传感器、摄像头及设备。这些传感器相互连接，进行数据收集，还能管理这些设施。
The Internet of Things in the context of the Future Street describes a network or sensors, cameras and devices embedded within the street, or common place items like light poles and bins. These sensors connect allowing the collection of data and control those items.
本部分阐述了 “当科技和新兴的交通模式改变出行方式后，未来的街道将会变得怎样”这一议题。
This section of the Future Street illustrates a proposition of what the future of our streets might look like as technology and new transport modes enable a reimagining of mobility.
“智慧街道”对自动驾驶车辆和物联网是如何解放街道及街道周边的空间，从而增加街道的安全性及舒适性这一议题进行了测试。
It tests a proposition about how autonomous and connected vehicles and the internet of things will unlock productive spaces in and around our streets, making them safer and more enjoyable.
与科技密不可分的“智慧街道”使得街道的形式得以重新想象。“智慧街道”中，在无线网络下，科技通过物联网（传感器、设备与摄像头）收集数据，让人们了解到更多关于街道和城市周边的信息。“智慧街道”元素将使能源得以更高效供应；同时，它也将让我们有能力检测和分析能源和水的生产及废物的产生。
Smart Streets embed and incorporate technology to become the street, re-imagined. On Smart Streets, technology is embedded through the internet of things (sensors, devices and cameras), facilitated via wifi, collecting data that tells us more about life on our streets and around our city. Smart Street elements will enable more energy efficient provision of services as well as the ability to monitor and analyse our energy, water and waste production.
除了将单个功能自动化，极大提升效率或收入外，“智慧街道”构想更重要的是它能以技术为驱动，将人作为街道的核心，令我们的城市为市民带来一个更为平等、健康、令人愉悦的生活体验。
Beyond automating individual functions for greater efficiency or revenue, the higher imperative of the Smart Street concept is to make the city a more equal, wholesome and enjoyable living experience for its citizens using technology as the enabler, but putting people in the centre of the street.
本部分阐述了“如果我们撤除汽车通道，优先考虑人行、自行车及公共交通，并重新将景观和自然引入街道中，未来的街道将变得怎样”这一议题。
This section of the Future Street illustrates a proposition of what the future of our streets might look like if we removed car access, prioritised people, cycling and public transport, and reintroduced landscape and nature.
随着城市人口的增长， 我们的生活正变得更为城市化和垂直化，私有的绿化空间将变得更为稀有；因此，公共开放空间的重要性不断增强，其社会与社区价值不断提升。这也是“绿色街道”可发挥其至关重要的作用的地方。
As the urban population grows and we head towards a more urbanised and vertical way of living, private green space will become less available and the importance of public open space will increase in its social and community value. This is where green streets can play a key role.
“绿色街道”可以融入广泛的设计元素，这包括街道树木、透水人行道、生态调节池和洼地。尽管“绿色街道”在设计和外观上各有不同，但它们的功能目标都是一样的。比如，一条“绿色街道”可以是包括一个自然雨水管理设备的、可以是服务于都市农业的、可以是能容纳大面积遮荫树群的，或可以是仅仅为人们提供休憩、体验的花园和绿地的。
Green Streets can incorporate a wide variety of design elements including street trees, permeable pavements, bioretention, and swales. Although the design and appearance of green streets will vary, the functional goals are the same. For example, a Green Street could include a natural stormwater management device, be used for urban agriculture, provide space for large shady trees or simply have gardens and greenery to be enjoyed.
“绿色街道”能对空气颗粒物进行拦截，通过遮阳物来降温，从而提升当地的空气质量。重要的是，“绿色街道”可作为发展本地绿色基建网络的链接组件，并使有相同项目和绿色联系的社区得以整合。
Green Streets will improve local air quality by providing interception of airborne particulates and shade for cooling. Importantly, Green Streets can act as a key linking component incommunity efforts to develop local green infrastructure networks and unite our communities with a common project and green connection.
本部分阐述了“当我们在人类与车辆在街道中的重要性这一问题间进行权衡时，未来的街道将会变得怎样”这一议题。
This section of the Future Street illustrates a proposition of what the future of our streets might look like when we balance the importance of people and cars in a street.
无论什么年龄、状态，使用什么交通工具，“完整街道”在设计上体现了对于交通和出行在安全、便捷、舒适上的综合考虑。它包括人行道和公共场所的绿化和美化，使聚会地更有活力和吸引力，并改善骑行、步行与通往公共交通工具的道路间的关系。一条“完整街道”旨在为所有用户提供机会，无论他们是行人、骑行者、汽车司机、公共交通工具的使用者和运营者或是送货司机。
A Complete Street is designed to balance the safe, convenient and comfortable travel and access for users of all ages and abilities regardless of their mode of transport. It involves greening and beautifying the footpaths and public places, making meeting places more vibrant and appealing, and improving connections for cycling, walking and access to public transport. A complete street seeks to provide opportunities for all users, be they pedestrians, cyclists, car drivers, public transport users and operators, or delivery drivers.
街道可以说是城市最为重要的资产；而一条“完整街道”可以为提升城市资产带来很多机会，比如新型的零售模式或增强零售用途，或是文化和休闲体验。此外，“完整街道”还通过社区集会、商业、公共艺术、照明以及景观等为城市增添了生机与活力。
Streets are arguably the most important asset of a city, and a Complete Street facilitates opportunities to leverage this asset via new and enhanced retail uses, cultural and leisure experiences for example. It also provides opportunities for life to occur, be that community gatherings, commerce, public art, lighting or landscape.
“完整街道”通过增加街道活动创造出富有吸引力的街道，增加潜在顾客经过商业店面的数量和他们在市中心停留的时间，最终达到刺激经济增长的目的。
Complete Streets stimulate economic growth by creating attractive places with greater street activity, increasing the number of potential customers passing shop fronts and the length of time spent in town centres.
“未来街道”的这一部分阐述了目前在澳大利亚以及全球很多城市对于街道的设计、交付与构建的典型方案。
This section of the Future Street illustrates our typical approach to the design, delivery and organisation of streets in many cities around Australia and globally.
我们更重视汽车，而不是人、树木和生活。在大多数的中央商务区中，街道占用了整个城市30%的土地，而这其中超过50%的空间供汽车和公共汽车通行使用。我们默许并保护这一现象的存在，并积极培育出了一种以汽车为中心的文化。
We prioritise cars over people, trees and life. In most CBD’s, streets represent 30% of land across a city, with more than 50% of the space given away to move cars and buses. We protect their presence and have actively fostered a car centric culture.
“当下街道”树木与植被稀少，街道温度比拥有更多树木与景观的同类型街道的温度高了10度。更可怕的是，满是汽车与公交的街道中的空气质量远远差于以人与自行车为主要通行方式的街道中的空气质量。
Streets of Today with minimal street trees and vegetation can be 10 degrees hotter than equivalent streets that have greater focus on street trees and landscape. On top of this, air quality in streets full of cars and buses is much worse than in streets and spaces that have prioritised people and bikes over cars.
街道是我们最基本的共享公共空间，但它也是最具争议和最容易被忽视的公共空间之一。当下，以及上个世纪的大部分时间里，我们都理所当然地认为我们的街道主要是为汽车、停车场和货物运输而服务的。
Streets are our most fundamental shared public spaces, but they are also one of the most contested and overlooked. Today, and for most of the last century, we have taken for granted the idea that our streets are primarily zones for cars, parking, and the transporting of goods.
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