中招英语必考重点单词和短语用法大总结！（一）

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这些单词和短语的用法是历年中考以及初中各年级考察频率最高的考点，因此今天给大家总结重点单词和短语的用法，get走吧！

1 . cost / take / spend / pay 花费

花费时间做某事 ： It takes sb some time to do sth . = sb spend some time （in）doing sth .= sb spend some time on sth .

某人花钱买某物 ： sb spend some money on sth .= sb pay some money for sth . = sth cost sb . some money .

※ spend 和 pay 主语都是人， cost 主语是物。

※ spent 还可以指“度过”→ How did you spend your weekend ？

The sweater ________ me 90 yuan . = I _______ 90 yuan for the sweater.=I _____ 90 yuan on the sweater .

He spent lots of money ________ the mobile phone .

It ________ her 20 minutes to go home every day . = He ________ 20 minutes ________ home every day .

2 . thanks for为…而感谢

⑴ ______ inviting me to your birthday party .

thanks to 多亏/由于

⑵______ your help .I got good grades .

3 . 感叹句 ：多么… what + 名词

how + 形容词 / 副词

⑴ ______ bad weather ！

⑵ ______ hard he works ！

⑶______ fresh vegetables ！

⑷ ______ cute a monkey it is ！

4 . 因为、由于 ： because（ 连词 ） +从句： （ 表示原因 ）

because of（介词短语） + 名词（短语 ）= thanks to

⑴ I didn’t go to school ______ I had a headache .

He was late for class ______ the bad weather .

He can’t come _____ he is ill .

Many people have a cold _____ the cold weather .

※because和 so不能同时连用 。

5 . 来自 ： be from = come from

⑴ Where are you from ？ = Where ______ you ______ ______ ？

⑵ He is from Tibet. = He ______ ______ Tibet.

6 .How often 对频率提问 （ 多久一次） →回答用表示频率的副词或短语

　　How long 对一段时间提问 （多久 ） →回答用表示一段时间的状语

　　How soon 对将来时间提问 （ 多久 ） →回答用 in+时间段

　　How far 询问多长距离（多长）

　　⑴- ______ have you been collecting the kites ？ -For ten years.

　　⑵- ______ do you go shopping ？ -Sometimes.

　　⑶ - ______ will your father come back ？ - In two years.

　　⑷- _____ do you exercise ？ - Once a week.

　　⑸- _____ is it from your home to school ？ - About ten miles.

　　⑹- _____ are you staying there ？ - Two weeks.

7 . 乘交通工具 ： take a / the +交通工具 在句中作谓语

by+交通工具=on a 交通工具在句中作方式状语

交通工具有：train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane...

⑴ He takes a bus to bank 。= He goes to bank by bus 。 = He goes to bank on a bus .

⑵ I walk to school . = I go to school ______ .

※ 骑自行车、马或驴用ride ： ride one’s bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey in one’s car

8 . 对不起 ： Excuse me （劳驾，客套话 ）

Sorry （ 表示道歉 ）

⑴ ______ .Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ？

⑵–Would you mind cleaning your room ？ - ______ . I’ll do it right away.

⑶- Don’t eat in class 。 - _____ 。 Ms Clark .

⑷ _____ ， is this the way to the station ？

9 . 声音 ： sound （ 自然界各种声音 ）

noise（噪音）

voice（悦耳的声音：嗓子）

⑴Lucy has a sweet ______ . ⑵That ______ like a good idea.

⑶Don’t make ______ . The baby is sleeping.

10 .look like （外貌看起来像… ）

be like （ 性格像… ）

⑴ Lily _____ _____ Lucy 。 Oh ， they are twins.

⑵ Tony ______ ______ a monkey because he is cute and playful .

11 . take… to … 带去

bring…to …带来

fetch 没有方向性（强调来回）

⑴ Tony 。 ______ the ball here 。Please.

⑵ My father often ______ me ______ concerts on Sundays.

⑶ ______ your homework _____ school tomorrow.

12. 一些 ： some 用于肯定句

any 用于否定句和疑问句

⑴ I’d like ______ milk.

⑵ –Would you like ______ yogurt ？

_ Thanks . I don’t want ______ .

※ 在一般疑问句中，认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到对方肯定回答时，也用some。

13. 多少 ： How many修饰可数名词复数

How much 修饰不可数名词

⑴ ______ juice do you want ？

⑵ ______ apples do you want ？

⑶- ______is the T-shirt ？ –It’s 30 yuan 。

※ How much可对价钱提问：How much are the potatoes ？

14. 看 ：see 强调看的结果

look （ at ） 不及物动词，强调看的动作

watch 观看：比赛、电视、表演、电影

read 读，朗读：看书、看报、看信、看杂志

⑴Don’t______ in bed.

⑵ We will ______ a basketball game this evening.

⑶ Please ______ the blackboard. Everyone.

⑷ I ______ a bird in the tree yesterday.

※On Saturday night. I saw an interesting talk show.

On Saturday evening. several kids watched a movie. watch a movie =go to a movie

15. stop doing sth 停止做某事 → Please stop talking

stop to do sth 停下来去做别的事

⑴ The girl soon stopped ______ （cry ）.

⑵ He was tired and stopped ______ （have ） a rest.

16. forget / remember后接不定式表示未发生的动作：

forget / remember to do sth（忘记/记得去做某事）→ He forgot to turn off the light.（没有做关灯的动作） Remember to go to the post office after school.

orget / remember 后接ving表示已发生的动作：

△forget / remember doing sth（忘记/记得做过某事）→ He forgot turningoff the light 。（已做过关灯的动作）

Don’t you remember seeing the man before ？

17. 到达… reach + 地点

get to + 地点 reach = get to

arrive + in + 大地点

arrive + at + 小地点

⑴ He reached London yesterday . = He ______ to London yesterday . = He ______ in London yesterday.

⑵ She arrived ______ the bus station just now . ⑶ You should ______ （ get ） home on time.

※ 当get to和 arrive at /in后接地点副词时，都不加介词。如：get home get there 省略 to

18. 擅长，在…方面做得好 ： be good at = do well in

⑴ She is good at chemistry . = She ______ ______ ______ chemistry.

⑵ Niuniu is good at ______ the violin. = Niuniu ______ well in ______ the violin.

⑶ Lucy and Lily are twin girls . Lucy is better ______ dancing than Lily , but Lily _____ ______ in singing than Lucy.

19. win （ 赢得 ）接a game、 war 、a match、 a prize

beat（ 打败、战胜 ）接运动员、球队、对手等。

⑴ Which team ______ the football match ？

⑵ Wang Hao ______ Ma Lin and ______ the champion of the Men’s Singles.

20. 借 borrow sth. from sb = borrow sb. sth 向某人借某物→ borrow借入

lend sth. to sb = lend sb. sth把某物借给某人 → lend 借出

keep延续性动词 ，与一段时间连用。

⑴ Can you lend me your bike ？ = Can you ______ your bike ______ me ？

⑵ You can borrow some money ____ your brother. = You can borrow yourbrother ____ ____.

⑶ - How long can I ______ the book ？

- You can _____ it for two weeks.

※ 类似用法的还有：buy — have put on — wear become — be

leave — be away from open — be open begin — be on

die — be dead return — be back

① become He has ______ a doctor.

He has ______ a doctor for 10 years.

② begin The film has ______.

he film has _________ for ten minutes.

21.能，会。be able to,can

※ 情态动词后面都接动词原形。

⑴ We should ______ able to finish the work tomorrow.

⑵ I can ______ （play） the guitar 。⑶ He ______ able to play chess.

22. too many 太多 — 修饰可数名词复数→ I have too many rules in my house.

too much 太多 — 修饰不可数名词→ Maybe you have too much yin.

much too太— 后跟形容词或副词原级→ This coat is much too expensive.

⑴ Eating _____ ______ is bad for your health.

⑵ It’s ______ ______cold today. You’d better not go out.

⑶There are______ ______ students in the hallways. It’s dangerous.

23. have / has been to 去过某地 →He has been to Beijing. （现在不在北京）

have / has gone to 去了某地 →He has gone to Beijing. （现在可能在北京，或在去北京的途中）

have/hasbeen in / at在某地

⑴I have ever _______ ______ America twice.

⑵ He has ______ ______ Beijing for ten years.

⑶– Where is your brother ？

- He______ ______ to Hainan.

⑷ _____ you ever ______ ______ Disneyland ？

24. used to do sth.过去常做某事→ This river used to be very clean .

be（get）used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 → I’m not used to getting up early.

be used to do sth = be used for doing sth. 被用于做某事→ Pens are used for writing.

⑴ XiaoGang ______ ______ ______ afraid of the dark.

⑵ Thebroom is ______ ______ clean the room. = The broom is ______ ______ cleaning the room.

⑶ He ______ ______ ______ living countryside 。There is fresh air and sweet well.

⑷ Wood _____ _____ _____ making paper.

25. belong to + 名词 / 人称代词宾格 （属于）

be + 名词所有格 / 名词性物主代词 （是）

⑴It must ______ Ning’s .= It must _________ Ning.

⑵ The pencil must be ______ （my） . = The pencil must belong to ______ （my）.

⑶ This ball ______ to me .= This ball is ______.

26. can’t 不可能 0

表示推测、判断 could/might 也许、可能 50﹪— 80﹪

must 肯定、一定 100﹪

⑴ The CD _____ belong to Tony . because he likes listening to music.

⑵ The notebook ______ be mine . It has my name on it.

⑶ The toy ______ be my grandpa . After all .He is an old man .

27. be made from （由…制成）看不出原材料

be made of （由…制成）看得出原材料

⑴ The table ______ ______ ______ wood.

⑵ Paper ______ ______ ______ wood.

28. prefer to do sth 宁愿做某事

prefer sth 。 to sth 。 喜欢…而不喜欢…

prefer doing sth 。 to doing sth 。 喜欢做…而不喜欢做…

⑴ I prefer ______ （swim） to ______ （play） balls.

⑵ He _______ fish to beef.

⑶ I prefer to ______ （walk） to work.

29. 一些表示人的情感或情绪的形容词 ：

—ed 修饰人

—ing 修饰物

⑴ I want to go somewhere ______ （relaxing/relaxed）.

⑵ She is ______ in this ______ history story .（interesting/interested ）

※ interesting（有趣的） — interested（感兴趣的） tiring（累人的）— tired（累的，疲倦的）

boring （令人无聊的）— bored（无聊的）exciting（令人兴奋的）— excited（激动的）

surprising（令人惊讶的） — surprised（惊讶的）

relaxing（令人放松的） — relaxed（放松的）

embarrassing （令人尴尬的；令人为难的） — embarrassed （尴尬的；为难的）

30. the number of + 名词复数（…的数量）作主语， 谓语用单数。

a number of + 名词复数 （许多、一些）= many

⑴ The number of students in our class______ 80.

⑵ ______ number of students are in Helin Middle School.

31. for + 一段时间

since + 时间点/过去时的句子

⑴ We have been studying English ______ three years.

⑵ He has been staying here ______ he was five years old .

⑶ We haven’t seen each other ______ ten years ago.

※ for和 since 可以相互转换。如：Jenny has been collecting coins for several years . = Jenny has been collecting coins since several years ______.

32. 除…之外 except （不包括在内）→ Everyone could answer this question except Jim .

besides （包括在内）→There are three girls besides me.

⑴ We all passed the exam ______ Li Yang.

⑵ Many other students like basketball ______ Guo Xiaojun.

33. already 用于肯定句中（已经）

yet 用于疑问句末（已经）

用于否定句末（还）

⑴ Have you seen the film ______ ？

⑵ I haven’t locked the door ______.

⑶ Mom has _______ watered the flowers.

34. 否定祈使句 Don’t + v.

No + v.ing / n.

⑴ Don’t smoke here. = ______ ______ here. ⑵ Don’t take photos. = ______ ______.

35. 也 too 放肯定句末和疑问句末→Do you play soccer every day ， too ？

either 放否定句末

also 放肯定句中

※ also放在实意动词前，be之后.

⑴ She is a girl. I am a girl ,______ .

⑵ He ______ likes collecting things .

⑶ Lily doesn’t like junk food . Her good friend doesn’t like it,_______.

⑷ - I like soap operas, –I do ， _____.

⑸ - I can’t watch TV on school nights, –I can’t ， _____.

36. be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格

be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格

Miss Zhang _____ _____ _____ her work and she _____ _____ _____ her students.

未完

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