疫情期间写给家长在家教育的一些提示
写在前面
写这些建议的作者 Lois Wang 曾经是我们孩子们的英文作文家教。我们居住在北京的时候，我的孩子们在国内当地学校就读，没有机会学习英文作文。当时 Lois 还是一个未婚的英文老师，也是我们一家人认识的一个“老外”好友。我们很庆幸 Lois 当时很乐意来我们北京的家里教我们的两个大孩子英文写作。目前，她是一位在一所北京国际学校的特殊教育学生支持老师。Lois 有了超过15年的教学经验。她的教学范围覆盖了小学，中学和大学，是一个很爱教学，很有教学天赋的老师。
近期她们一家四口都宅在家里，她结合了自己的亲身经验写了这些建议给同样宅在家里帮助孩子线上学习的家长们。希望文章内容能对家长们有所帮助。
谢谢 Lois 的英文分享，和她先生的中文翻译！
所有父母都明白建立日常习惯对孩子成长的重要性。没有学校设定的日常规程，可能很难激励你的孩子去学习。
执行功能薄弱的学生（如时间管理和时间组织能力）更需要常规和结构。严谨的日常规程和明确的期望会帮助孩子感到更安全（甚至可能减少焦虑）。
以下是如何在家里创造一个有架构的环境，帮助孩子有规律、有计划地进行在家学习一些建议：
1 创建每周计划
以学校的时间表建议为出发点，制定每周的时间表，包括上课时间、休息时间、吃饭时间和空闲时间。
这是一个帮助孩子提高执行功能的好机会，可以让孩子参与到这个制定的过程中。
让你的孩子思考做任务需要花多长时间，帮助他把任务分成小块，一小块15到20分钟，然后把这些任务放到一周里面去实行。
语言和数学最好是每天做一点，而不是试图在一天内完成所有的数学作业，或在另一天完成所有的语文作业，等等。
让你的孩子在“家校”的食谱（早、中、晚餐及点心）安排上有发言权。
在两个任务之间安排短暂休息， 而不是先完成几个任务，才可以休息比较长的一段时间。试试不同休息时间的安排，看看哪种会对你的孩子最有效（参见下面的运动休息建议）。
除了艺术，音乐和体育活动，练习乐器也可以用来调剂长时间功课的学习。
允许孩子参与规划日程安排会让他/她在整个实施过程变得更加主动。当孩子们拥有更多的主动权时，他们更有可能参与其中。
2 让孩子做一些家务
通常，你的孩子除了准备上学外，可能没有时间在家里做很多家务。除了学习，让你的孩子也做一些额外的家务，如整理床铺或整理房间（如果他/她还没开始做这些事情）。把家务也写在日程表上，或者制作一张小海报，上面是一些需要做的事情的提醒。
3 让孩子做些可以赚钱的杂活
因为小区封闭，你家的阿姨不能来你家？这是一个教你孩子在家做一些额外的清洁工作的机会。在孩子学会几样清洁的工作后，你可以列一个他们可以做的工作清单，让他们在自己闲暇的时间去选择工作，赚些零花钱。
4 和孩子一起做饭
既然你和孩子已经一起安排了一周的食谱，何不也让你的孩子帮你一起来准备及烹饪呢？你们可以在网上搜索，找到你们感兴趣一起烹饪的菜肴。
5 和孩子一起阅读！
一起阅读，鼓励你的孩子和你谈论他自己正在读的内容，或者让他读给你听。
6 限制屏幕时间
让你的孩子创建一个“无聊时备用清单”，列出除了玩电子游戏之外他/她喜欢做的事情。对于年幼的孩子来说，自由玩耍是学习中极其重要的一部分。积木或乐高、绘画、拼图和棋盘游戏都是孩子们可以参与的方式，他门都不需要屏幕。让孩子感到无聊是非常正常的一件事——这时也是他们发挥想象力的时候。
7 安排运动休息
你可以去 gonoodle.com 看看，或者制作一些运动卡片。用这些运动卡片在家里做短暂的10分钟休息。如果你有时间，和孩子一起锻炼吧！
All parents understand the importance of routine to help their kids thrive. Without the routine provided by school it can be hard to motivate your child to study.
Students with weak executive functioning skills (such as time management and organization) need routine and structure even more. Strong routines and clear expectations will help children to feel more secure (and may even reduce anxiety).
Below are some tips for creating a structured homeschool environment to help your child thrive:
1 Create a Weekly Schedule
Using the suggestions from school as a starting point, plan out a weekly schedule with time for classes, breaks, meals, and free time.
This is a great time to help your child develop executive functioning by having him take part in the process.
Ask your child to think about how long tasks will take and help him to break up tasks into smaller chunks of 15 to 20 minutes, then schedule them during the week.
Language and math are best learned doing a little each day rather than trying to finish all the math homework in one day, all the Chinese another day, etc.
Let your child have some say in the planning of the “school” menu for meals and snacks
Experiment with more frequent short breaks between tasks versus working on multiple tasks before taking a long break to see what works best for your child (see tips for movement breaks below).
Instrument practice, in addition to art, music and PE activities can also be used to break up long periods of time working on academics
Allowing your child to help in planning the schedule will give him/her ownership of the process. When children have more ownership they are more likely to be engaged.
2 Give Your Child Responsibilities
Usually, your child may not have time to do much, other than get ready for school. Ask your child to take on some additional responsibilities such as making the bed or tidying up her room if this is something she is not doing already. Put these on the schedule or create a small poster with reminders of what needs to be done.
3 Chores to Earn Money
Ayi quarantined and unable to come to your house? This is a great time to teach your child how to do some additional cleaning jobs. Once they have a few jobs they can do around the house you can have a list of available jobs for them to earn money in their free time.
4 Cook Together
If you are planning some meals together, why not have your child help with meal prep? You can research online to find something you are both interested in learning to cook together.
5 Read!
Read together, encourage your child to talk to you about something he is reading on his own, or have him read to you.
6 Limit Screen Time
Have your child create a “bored” list of things she likes to do other than play video games. For younger children, free play is an incredibly important part of learning. Building with blocks or Legos, drawing, puzzles and board games are all ways kids can be engaged and not on a screen. It’s also okay to let your child be bored—this is when her imagination begins to work.
7 Take Movement Breaks
Check out gonoodle.com or create cards with exercises you can do at home for short 10 minute breaks. If you have time, exercise together!