小词详解 | succumb
succumb 英 [səˈkʌm] 美 [səˈkʌm]
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外刊例句
Spinning was one of the first processes to succumb to industrialisation. Weaving followed shortly afterwards.
纺纱是最早屈服于工业化的工艺流程之一,织布紧随其后。
——《经济学人》As I said at the beginning, at this point the Western world has seemingly succumbed to a severe case of economic defeatism; we’re not even trying to solve our problems.
正如我在一开始所说的,在这一点上,西方世界似乎已屈服于一种严重的经济失败主义;我们甚至都没有试图去解决自己的问题。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[verb] fail to resist pressure, temptation, or some other negative force
[动词] 无法抵抗压力、诱惑或其他负面力量
深入解读
Succumb 一词于15世纪末经古法语 succomber (屈服、死亡、败诉)或直接由拉丁语 succumbere (顺从、投降、屈服)进入英语,由前缀 suc- (下)+ 词根 cumb (躺)构成,原作及物动词,不过现在主要作不及物动词,常用搭配 succumb to sth 表示“屈服于、屈从于、抵挡不住、听任于”,侧重强调屈服者软弱无助,无法抵抗压力、诱惑或其他负面且强大的力量,比如:
他最终为她的魅力所倾倒,透漏了他们的“独门秘笈”。
He finally succumbed to her charms and divulged their special sauce.
等到了1849年后, succumb 开始用来委婉指“死”,即抵挡不住疾病或者说被疾病压垮而亡,比如:
几年后,这个臭名昭著的罪犯因患癌症在伦敦病逝。
A few years later, the notorious criminal succumbed to cancer in London.
名著用例
The helpless wounded succumbed to her charms without a struggle.
那些无依无靠的伤兵会乖乖地屈服于她的魅力之下。
出自美国作家玛格丽特·米切尔(Margaret Mitchell)创作的长篇小说《飘》(Gone with the Wind)。
同近义词
yield: give way to arguments, demands, or pressure
capitulate: cease to resist an opponent or an unwelcome demand; surrender
submit: accept or yield to a superior force or to the authority or will of another person
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