【Cochrane简语概要】接受化疗的癌症患儿接种流感疫苗

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癌症患儿容易发生感染。流行性感冒（流感）是病毒感染的一种。在这些儿童中，这可能是一个无害的过程，但有些可能会发展成严重并发症。因此，本系统综述旨在评估流感疫苗对癌症患儿的治疗效果。我们没有发现任何评估流感疫苗临床疗效的研究，但我们在更新中发现一项额外的对照临床试验，这使得总共有9项研究评估了癌症儿童接种疫苗后的免疫应答。研究表明，接受化疗的儿童比健康儿童的免疫应答更弱，但疫苗可以安全接种。根据更新的系统综述，无法推荐或劝阻接受化疗的癌症患儿接种流感疫苗。在未来的试验中，应考虑流感疫苗接种对接受化疗的癌症患儿的临床益处。

结论: 

接受化疗的儿科肿瘤患儿能够对流感疫苗产生免疫应答，但目前尚不清楚这种免疫应答是否能保护他们免受流感感染或其并发症。我们正在等待精心设计的RCT的结果解决这些患者流感疫苗接种的临床益处。

译者：文玲子，审校：杨鸣、鲁春丽；编辑排版：刘美迪、张晓雯，北京中医药大学循证医学中心

相关文章链接

【Cochrane Plain Language Summary】Influenza vaccination in children being treated with chemotherapy for cancer

Children with cancer are prone to developing infection. One of the viral infections is influenza (flu). This can run an innocent course in these children, but some can develop severe complications. This review therefore focused on the efficacy of influenza vaccination in children with cancer. We identified no studies that assessed the clinical efficacy of influenza vaccination; however, we identified one additional controlled clinical trial in our update, which brings the total to nine studies that assessed immune responses after vaccination in children with cancer. It was shown that children receiving chemotherapy mount poorer immune responses than healthy children, but that the vaccine can be safely administered. On the basis of this updated review, it is not possible to recommend or discourage influenza vaccination in children with cancer who are treated with chemotherapy. A future trial should address the clinical benefits of influenza vaccination in children with cancer who are treated with chemotherapy.

Authors' conclusions:

 It has been shown in the trials included in this review that these patients are able to generate an immune response to influenza vaccine, but it remains unclear whether this immune response protects them from influenza infection or its complications. Clinicians must consider the benefits and risks of influenza vaccination in children with cancer, while awaiting results from randomised controlled trials addressing the clinical benefit of influenza vaccination in these patients.

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