阿富汗女导演萨赫拉·卡里米：自由的滋味是对抗压迫的有力解毒剂
萨赫拉·卡里米致全世界的一封信和一篇采访
To All the Film Communities in The World and Who Loves Film and Cinema !
My name is Sahraa Karimi, a film director and the current general director of Afghan Film, the only stated-owned film company established in1968. l write to you with a broken heart and a deep hope that you can join me in protecting my beautiful people，especially filmmakers from the Taliban. In the last few weeks, the Taliban have gained control of so many provinces. They have massacred our people，they kidnapped many children, they sold girls as child brides to their men，they murdered a woman for her attire, they gauged the eyes of a woman, they tortured and murdered one of our beloved comedians, they murdered one of our historian poets, they murdered the head of culture and media for the government, they have been assassinating people affiliated with the government，they hung some of our men publicly，they have displaced hundreds of thousands of families. The families are in camps in Kabul after fleeing these provinces，and they are in unsanitary condition.There is looting in the camps and babies dying because they don t have milk it is a humanitarian crisis and yet the world is silent.
We have grown accustomed to this silence, yet we know it is not fair. We know that this decision to abandon our people is wrong, that this hasty troop withdrawal is a betrayal of our people and all that we did when Afghans won the Cold War for the west. Our people were forgotten then，leading up to the Taliban's dark rule, and now，after twenty years of immense gains for our country and especially our younger generations，all could be lost again in this abandonment.
We need your voice.The media，governments and the world humanitarian organizations are conveniently silent as if this"Peace deal"with the Taliban was ever legitimate. It was never legitimate. Recognizing them gave them the confidence to come back to power. The Taliban have been brutalizing our people throughout the entire process of the talks.
Everything that I have worked so hard to build as a filmmaker in my country is at risk of falling. If the Taliban take over they will ban all art. l and other filmmakers could be next on their hit list. They will strip women's rights ，we will be pushed into the shadows of our homes and our voices, our expression will be stifled into silence. When the Taliban were in power ，zero girls were in school. Since then there are over 9 million Afghan girls in school. This is incredible Herat, the third-largest city which just fell to the Taliban had nearly 50% women in its university. These are incredible gains that the world hardly knows about. just in these few weeks，the Taliban have destroyed many schools and two million girls are forced now out of school again.
I do not understand this world. I do not understand this silence. I will stay and fight for my country, but I cannot do it alone. I need allies like you. Please help us get this world to care about what is happening to us. Please help us by informing your countries most important media what is going on here in Afghanistan. Be our voices outside Afghanistan。lf the Taliban take over Kabul，we may not have access to the internet or any communication tool at all. Please engage your filmmakers ，artists to support us to be our voice. This war is not a civil war，this is a proxy war. This is an imposed war and it is the result of the US deal with the Taliban. Please as much as you can share this fact with your media and write about us on your social media.
The world should not turn its back on us. We need your support and your voice on behalf of Afghan women，children，artists and filmmakers. This support would be the greatest help we need right now. Please help us get this world to not abandon Afghanistan. Please help us before the Taliban take over Kabul. We have such little time,maybe days. Thank you so much. l appreciate your pure true heart so dearly.
With regard
Sahraa Karimi
萨赫拉·卡里米：致全世界所有的电影团体和热爱电影的人们
我叫萨赫拉·卡里米，是一名电影导演，目前是阿富汗电影公司的总导演，这是唯一一家成立于 1968 年的国有电影公司。我怀着一颗破碎的心和深深的希望给你们写信，希望你们能和我一起保护我美丽的人民，特别是电影制作人，免于塔利班的伤害。在过去的几周里，塔利班控制了这么多省份。他们屠杀我们的人民，绑架许多孩子，把女孩当童养媳卖给他们的人，他们因为着装问题谋杀了一个女人，他们测量了一名妇女的眼睛，他们折磨和谋杀了我们心爱的一个喜剧演员，他们杀害了我们的一个历史学家诗人，他们谋杀了政府部门文化和媒体的负责人，他们一直在暗杀与政府有关联的人。他们公开绞死了我们一些人，使成千上万的家庭流离失所。这些家庭逃离这些省份后住在喀布尔的难民营中，卫生条件很差。难民营里有抢劫，婴儿因为没有牛奶而死亡，这是一场人道主义危机。然而世界是沉默的。
我们已经习惯了这种沉默，但我们知道这是不公平的。我们知道，放弃我们的人民的决定是错误的，这种仓促的撤军是对我们人民的背叛，也是对我们在阿富汗人为西方赢得冷战时所做一切的背叛。我们的人民当时被遗忘，导致塔利班的黑暗统治，现在，在我国，特别是我们的年轻一代取得巨大成就的 20 年后，所有的成就都可能再次在这种遗弃中失去。
我们需要你们的声音。媒体、各国政府和世界人道主义组织都很方便地保持沉默，似乎与塔利班的这项“和平协议”在任何时候都是合法的。这从来就不合法。承认他们，给了他们重新掌权的信心。在整个谈判过程中，塔利班一直在残暴对待我国人民。
在我的国家，作为一个电影制作人，我辛辛苦苦建立起来的一切都面临着沦陷的危险。如果塔利班接管，他们将禁止一切艺术。我和其他电影制作人，可能是下一个目标。他们将剥夺妇女的权利，我们将被推到家庭的阴影下，我们的声音、我们的表达将被被扼杀，变成沉默。当塔利班掌权时，学校里不会有女孩。自那时以来，有超过 900 万阿富汗女孩在上学。这是令人难以置信的赫拉特，第三大城市，它的大学里有近 50 %的女性，刚刚落入塔利班手中。这些都是令人难以置信的成果，世界几乎不知道。就在这几个星期里，塔利班摧毁了许多学校，200 万名女童现在又被迫辍学。
我不了解这个世界。我不明白这种沉默。我会留下来为我的国家战斗，但我无法独自完成。我需要你这样的盟友。请帮助我们让这个世界关心正在发生在我们身上的事情。请帮助我们，向你们国家最重要的媒体通报阿富汗的情况。成为我们在阿富汗之外的声音。如果塔利班接管了喀布尔，我们可能根本无法使用互联网或任何通讯工具。请让您的电影制作人，艺术家支持我们，成为我们的声音。这场战争不是内战，这是一场代理人战争。这是一场强加的战争，是美国与塔利班达成协议的结果。请尽可能多地告诉你们的媒体这个事实，并在你们的社交媒体上书写我们的故事。
世界不应该对我们置之不理。我们需要你们的支持，需要你们代表阿富汗妇女、儿童、艺术家和电影制作人发出自己的声音。这种支持是我们现在最需要的帮助。请帮助我们，让这个世界不要放弃阿富汗。请在塔利班接管喀布尔之前帮助我们。我们的时间很少，也许只有几天。太感谢你们了。我很欣赏你们纯洁的心灵。
致敬
萨赫拉·卡里米
Sahraa Karimi: “The taste of freedom is a powerful antidote to oppression”
Tuesday 18 March 2014
萨赫拉·卡里米：自由的滋味是对压迫的有力解毒剂
2014 年 3 月 18 日星期二
来源：《赫芬顿邮报》
Sahraa Karimi is a young female Afghan filmmaker who grew up in Iran. In her early twenties, she migrated to Slovakia, and spent the next 12 years studying for Bachelor, Master, and Doctorate degrees in film and directing. When she returned to Afghanistan, Karimi co-founded the Kapila Multimedia House to promote independent cinema and has recently re-opened the Kaluch Kapila Cinema. Karimi continues to live between Kabul, Bratislava, and Tehran. Her films, mostly about civil rights issues faced by women in Afghanistan, have won international awards and are frequently screened in international film festivals.
萨赫拉·卡里米是一位在伊朗长大的年轻阿富汗女电影制作人。在她二十出头的时候，她移民到了斯洛伐克，并在接下来的12 年里攻读电影和导演的学士、硕士和博士学位。
卡里米回到阿富汗后，与人共同创办了卡皮拉多媒体之家，以促进独立电影的发展，最近还重新开放了卡鲁克卡皮拉电影院。卡里米继续生活在喀布尔、布拉迪斯拉发和德黑兰之间。她的电影，主要是关于阿富汗妇女面临的公民权问题，赢得了国际奖项，并经常在国际电影节上放映。
Can you share with us some memories of instances when your rights have been violated and how they have influenced your life?
The most serious rights violation I have experienced happened to me while I was living in Iran. I passed the university entrance exam with high grades and was qualified to enter one of the best universities. But even though I had grown up in Iran, they saw me as a migrant and gave my place to an Iranian war veteran. They tried to send me to another institution for a year to learn Persian before going to university – Persian was my mother tongue! That is the reason why I left Iran.
As a female artist and filmmaker in Afghanistan, I have to fight constantly against prejudice and violations of my rights.
Women in other places face fewer problems. When I first returned to Afghanistan in 2006, I had made a successful film abroad and I screened it here. It is an intellectual, thought-provoking film. Some vulgar filmmakers parading as critics insulted my religious and ethnic interpretations, demanding to know what right I had to make a film in Afghanistan!I don’t think our artistic contributions should be constrained by our origin, beliefs, or religion. I have been insulted so many times. My family has been forced to migrate twice. The first time was before I was born, when my parents left Afghanistan for Iran. The second time, I was an adult and I saw that I had no place in Iran as an Afghan migrant. I was deprived of everything I had worked so hard to achieve. There was no reason for me to stay. I wanted to go somewhere where I would have an identity and could pursue my dreams.
你能和我们分享一些你的权利被侵犯的事例以及它们是如何影响你的生活的吗？
当我在伊朗生活的时候，我经历了最严重的侵犯人权事件。我以高分通过了大学入学考试，获得了进入最好大学之一的资格。但即使我在伊朗长大，他们还是把我看作一个移民，把我的位置让给了一个伊朗老兵。他们试图送我到另一个机构学习一年的波斯语，然后去上大学——波斯语是我的母语啊！这就是我离开伊朗的原因。
作为一名阿富汗的女艺术家和电影制作人，我必须不断地反对偏见和侵犯我的权利。
其他地方的妇女面临的问题较少。2006 年我第一次回到阿富汗时，我在国外拍了一部成功的电影，我在这里进行了筛查，这是一部知识性、发人深省的电影。一些庸俗的电影制作人以批评家的身份游行，侮辱我的宗教和种族解释，要求知道我有什么权利在阿富汗拍部电影。我不认为我们的艺术贡献应该受到我们的出身、信仰或宗教的限制。我已经被侮辱了好多次。我家已经被迫移民两次了。第一次是在我出生前，我的父母离开阿富汗去了伊朗。第二次，我是一个成年人，我发现我作为一个阿富汗移民在伊朗没有立足之地。我被剥夺了我如此努力获得的一切。我没有理由留下来。我想去一个地方，在那里我有一个身份，可以追求我的梦想。
What gives you hope for the future?
The youth give me hope. They refuse to bow their heads and submit like the generations before them did. They do not blindly follow political and religious ideologies. They are yearning for education and are trying to change the world around them, even though the obstacles to change are sometimes overwhelming. They give me hope to stay here.
是什么让你对未来充满希望？
年轻人给了我希望。他们拒绝像他们的祖先那样低头和屈服。他们不盲从政治和宗教意识形态。他们渴望教育，并试图改变他们周围的世界，即使改变的障碍有时是压倒性的。他们给了我留在这里的希望。
What are the biggest challenges facing Afghanistan?
The elders refuse to step down: they are determined to run the government and control all of the major political decisions.
The people of Afghanistan have lost their trust. They don’t have faith in the political groups. They prefer to stay silent and see escape as their best solution.
Another challenge is the brain drain. Young, critical people who could bring change are leaving Afghanistan because of the lack of security, stability, and trust in politicians.
阿富汗面临的最大挑战是什么？
长老们拒绝下台：他们决心管理政府并控制所有的重大政治决策。
阿富汗人民失去了信任。他们对政治团体没有信心。他们宁愿保持沉默，把逃避视为他们的最佳解决方案。
另一个挑战是人才外流。由于缺乏安全、稳定和对政治家的信任，能够带来变革的年轻人正在离开阿富汗。
Is it possible that girls could once again be banned from schools and women excluded from social participation, as was the case under the Taliban?
I don’t believe this thing we call the ‘Taliban history’ will be repeated in Afghanistan. Of course, this is an optimistic view of the future. But the people and especially the young people have tasted freedom in the last 10 years. When that happens - when people can sit freely in coffee shops, and talk, and laugh, and watch critical films or take part in political and social discussions – people will not easily allow others to chain them up again. The taste of freedom is a powerful antidote to oppression.
是否有可能像塔利班统治时期那样，再次禁止女孩上学，将妇女排除在社会参与之外？
我不相信我们所谓的“塔利班历史”会在阿富汗重演。当然，这是对未来的乐观看法。但是人民，尤其是年轻人在过去的 10 年里已经尝到了自由的滋味。当这种情况发生时——当人们可以自由地坐在咖啡馆里，谈笑风生，观看批判性电影，或参与政治和社会讨论——人们就不会轻易让别人再把他们锁起来。自由的滋味是对抗压迫的强力解毒剂。
What solutions do you see for advancing women’s rights in Afghanistan?
I don’t think it’s helpful to take an extremist feminist attitude. We are living together with men in this society; it doesn’t help us to set ourselves up as opponents to the patriarchal society. Rather, we should seek to portray ourselves as humans – focus on the humanity that unites us rather than the gender that divides us. Establishing competing fronts on the basis of gender in Afghanistan is futile. Men are expert warlords: they fight and suppress each other. What can women do under such circumstances? Our best chance is to look for cooperative solutions: let’s see how we can walk the same path with men as our companions, rather than trying to take extremist and oppositional views. These harm us more than they help us.
你认为在阿富汗推进妇女权利的解决方案是什么？
我认为采取极端女权主义的态度是没有帮助的。在这个社会里，我们和男人生活在一起，把自己塑造成男权社会的反对者对我们没有任何帮助。相反，我们应该努力把自己描绘成人类——关注团结我们的人性，而不是分裂我们的性别。在阿富汗建立基于性别的竞争阵线是徒劳的。男人是专门的军阀：他们互相争斗，互相压制。在这种情况下，女人能做什么？我们最好的机会是寻找合作的解决办法：让我们看看我们如何能够与我们的同伴走同样的道路，而不是试图采取极端主义和对立的观点。这些东西对我们的伤害大于帮助。
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