乌克兰总统对华盛顿进行了旋风式访问；巴西通过宪法修正案丨双语资讯速览

01

乌克兰总统对华盛顿进行了

旋风式访问

In one of the defining moments from Volodymyr Zelenskyy’s visit to Washington, after delivering a speech to Congress, he turned around to face Nancy Pelosi, the House speaker, handed her a flag signed by the soldiers of Bakhmut on the front lines in Donbas and gave her a kiss on the cheek.

弗拉基米尔•泽连斯基访问华盛顿的一个决定性时刻是，在国会发表讲话后，他转身面对众议院议长南希•佩洛西，递给她一面由顿巴斯前线巴赫穆特士兵签名的旗帜，并亲吻了她的脸颊。

The Ukrainian president had just given a searing address to a joint session of Congress to both thank the US for its support and plead for the help to keep coming. After receiving a series of standing ovations, he walked away from the chamber with the American flag that had flown above the Capitol building on Wednesday, a gift from Pelosi.

这位乌克兰总统刚刚在国会联席会议上发表了情感强烈的讲话，既感谢美国的支持，又恳求美国继续提供帮助。在接受了一系列起立鼓掌后，他拿着周三在国会大厦上空飘扬的美国国旗离开了会议厅，这是佩洛西送给他的礼物。

“We stand, we fight and we will win because we are united,” Zelenskyy said. “Ukraine, America and the entire free world.”

泽连斯基说：“我们屹立不倒，我们战斗，我们会赢，因为我们团结一致。乌克兰、美国和整个自由世界。”

——本文2022年12月22日发布于FT中文网，英文原题为Volodymyr Zelenskyy makes emotional pitch to Washington in whirlwind visit

02

巴西通过宪法修正案

Brazil has passed a constitutional amendment that raises a government spending cap by at least R$145bn (US$28bn), allowing leftwing president-elect Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva to fulfil campaign pledges to provide extra funds for welfare and infrastructure.

巴西通过了一项宪法修正案，将政府支出上限提高至少1450亿雷亚尔（合280亿美元），允许左翼当选总统路易斯•伊纳西奥•卢拉•达席尔瓦 (Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva)履行竞选承诺，为福利和基础设施提供额外资金。

The bill, approved by a supermajority of lawmakers in Brasília on Wednesday, will authorise a one-year override of a fiscal rule limiting increases in state expenditures.

周三，国会议员在巴西利亚以绝对多数通过了这项法案，将授权在一年内豁免于限制国家支出增长的财政规则。

A big chunk of the extra cash will bankroll Lula’s promise to maintain at R$600 (US$115) a monthly cash transfer called Bolsa Familia (“family allowance”), received by the poorest 20mn households.

额外资金的一大部分将用于资助卢拉的承诺，维持每月600雷亚尔（合115美元）的现金转移计划，即由最贫穷的2000万家庭领取的“家庭津贴计划”(Bolsa Família)。

——本文2022年12月22日发布于FT中文网，英文原题为Brazil lawmakers approve $28bn increase in spending cap for Lula plans

03

日本国债遭受新打击 

市场质疑日本央行立场

Japanese government bond prices have lurched lower for the second straight day as markets forcefully challenged the central bank’s assertion that it was not planning to raise interest rates.

日本国债价格连续第二天下跌，市场强烈质疑日本央行关于其没有加息计划的说法。

Yields on typically sleepy Japanese government bonds blasted higher on Tuesday, sending shockwaves across global debt markets, after Bank of Japan governor Haruhiko Kuroda stunned investors in his final months in office with a tweak to the way the central bank keeps a lid on long-term borrowing costs. “This measure is not a rate hike,” Kuroda said. “Adjusting the [yield curve control] does not signal . . . an exit strategy.”

日本央行(Bank of Japan)行长黑田东彦(Haruhiko Kuroda)在其任期的最后几个月对央行控制长期借贷成本的方式进行了调整，此举震惊了投资者。周二，通常处于沉寂状态的日本国债收益率大幅走高，在全球债券市场引发了冲击波。黑田东彦说：“这项措施不是加息。“调整(收益率曲线控制)并不意味着……退出策略。”

But on Wednesday, yields kept on cranking higher, with benchmark 10-year yields reaching 0.5 per cent — low by global standards but a significant doubling from the start of this week and the highest point since mid-2015. Pressure on the debt suggests investors believe they can see the beginning of an end to Japan’s six-year experiment with negative interest rates and yield targeting.

但周三，日本国债收益率继续走高，基准10年期国债收益率达到0.5%——按全球标准衡量很低，但较本周初翻了一番，达到2015年年中以来的最高点。日本国债面临的压力表明，投资者认为，他们可以看到日本长达6年的负利率和收益率目标试验即将结束。

——本文2022年12月22日发布于FT中文网，英文原题为Japanese bonds sustain fresh blow in test of central bank’s low-rate resolve

04

马斯克解释他在Twitter

“疯狂削减成本”的原因

Elon Musk has defended his financial stewardship of Twitter, arguing that the social media platform would have faced a “negative cash flow situation of $3 billion a year” were it not for his controversial cost-cutting efforts. 

埃隆•马斯克为他对Twitter的财务管理进行了辩护，认为如果不是他实施的有争议的成本削减努力，这个社交媒体平台将面临“每年30亿美元的负现金流状况”。

The billionaire entrepreneur, who bought the social networking company for $44bn in October after previously attempting to pull out of the deal, gave a snapshot of its dire finances during a Twitter Spaces online forum on Wednesday.

这位亿万富翁企业家在10月份以440亿美元的价格收购了这家社交网络公司，此前他曾试图退出这笔交易。他在周三的Twitter Spaces在线论坛上简要介绍了Twitter糟糕的财务状况。

“We have an emergency fire drill on our hands . . . This company is like you’re in a plane that is headed towards the ground and high speed with the engines on fire and the controls don’t work,” he said. “That’s the reason for my actions that may seem sometimes spurious.”

“我们正在进行紧急救火演习……这家公司就像你坐在一架高速冲向地面的飞机上，引擎着火了，控制系统失灵了。这就是为什么我的行为有时似乎很不真实的原因。”

——本文2022年12月22日发布于FT中文网，英文原题为Elon Musk blames cost cuts at Twitter on ‘$3bn negative cash flow’

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