人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 选修六：Unit1（附音频、双语文本）
realistic adj. 现实主义的；逼真的； 现实的
abstract adj. 抽象的；深奥的 n. 摘要
sculpture n. 雕塑
sculptor n. 雕刻家；雕塑家
gallery n. 美术陈列室；画廊
faith n. 信任；信心；信念
faithfully adv. 忠实地
consequently adv. 所以；因而
aim n. 目标；目的 vi. & vt. 瞄准；（向某方向）努力
conventional adj. 常规的；传统的； 因循守旧的
typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的
evident adj. 明显的；明白的
renaissance n. 新生；复兴；复活
adopt vt. 采用；采纳；收养
humanistic adj. 人道主义的
possess vt. 拥有；具有；支配
possession n. （尤作复数）所有；财产
superb adj. 卓越的；杰出的； 极好的
perspective n. 透视画法；透视图；观点
technique n. 技术；方法；技能
Masaccio 马萨乔（意大利画家）
coincidence n. 巧合（的事）；相合
by coincidence 巧合地
masterpiece n. 杰作；名著
impressionism n. 印象主义；印象派
impressionist adj. 印象派的 n. 印象派艺术家
post-impressionist adj. 后印象派的 n. 后印象派艺术家
a great deal 大量
shadow n. 阴影；影子
ridiculous adj. 荒谬的；可笑的
controversial adj. 争论的；争议的
attempt n. 努力；尝试；企图 vt. 尝试；企图
on the other hand (可是)另一方面
predict vt. 预言；预告；预测
landscape n. 风景；景色
specific adj. 确切的；特定的
figure n. 画像；身材；数字
clay n. 黏土
critic n. 评论家；批评者
bronze n. 青铜；青铜色；青铜制艺术品
marble n. 大理石
carve vt. 雕刻；刻记
delicate adj. 脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的
canvas n. 帆布；画布
Picasso 毕加索（西班牙画家）
café n. 咖啡馆；小餐馆
allergic adj. 过敏性的；对……过敏的
effectively adv. 有效地
exhibition n. 展览；陈列；展览会
aggressive adj. 敢作敢为的；侵略的；好斗的
scholar n. 学者
flesh n. 肉；肌肉；肉体
in the flesh 活着的；本人
Matisse 马蒂斯（法国画家）
geometry n. 几何学
bunch n. 束；串
Manhattan n. 曼哈顿岛；曼哈顿区 （纽约市中心）
avenue n. 林荫道；道路；大街
preference n. 喜爱；偏爱
Guggenheim Museum 古根海姆博物馆
display vt. 展示；陈列；显露
appeal vi. 有感染力；呼吁；求助 vt. 将……上诉 n. 呼吁；恳求
appeal to （对某人）有吸引力；（使某人）感兴趣
fragile adj. 精细的；易碎的；脆弱的
circular adj. 圆形的；环形的； 循环的
metropolitan adj. 主要都市的；大城市的
reputation n. 名声；名誉 civilization n. 文明；文化； 文明社会
Egypt n. 埃及（东北非国家）
Egyptian adj. 埃及的；埃及人的
visual adj. 视觉的；看得见的
fragrant adj. 香的；令人愉快的
Monet 莫奈（法国画家）
Whitney 惠特尼
Madison n. 麦迪逊
contemporary adj. 当代的； 同时代的
permanent adj. 永久的；持久的
district n. 区；区域；行政区
committee n. 委员会
signature n. 署名；签字
Art is infiuenced by the customs and faith of a people.Styles in Western srt have changed many times.As there are so many different styles of Western art,itwould be impossible to describe all of them in such s short text.Consequently,this text will describe onlythe most ones, starting from the century AD.
The middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD)
Druing the Middle Ages,the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.A conventional artistof this period was not interesed in showing nature and people as they really were.A typcal picture at this time wau full of relidious symbols,which created a feeling of respect and love for God.but it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.
The Rensssance(15th to 16th century)
During the renaissance,new ideaa and values gradually replaced those beld in the the Middle Ages.People began toconcentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanlistis attitude to life.At the same time painters returned to classical Romen and Greek idea about art.Theytride paint people and nature really were.Richpeople wanted to possess their own paintings,so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievenments.
One of the most important discoveries during this period was hoa to draw things in perspcctive.This techique was first used by Masaccio in 1428.When people first his paintings,they were convinced that they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene.If the rules of perpective had not been discovered,no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures.By coincidence,oil paints were liso developed at this time,which made the colors ueed in paintings look richer and deeper.Without for new paints ang the new technique,we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.
Impressinoism(late 19th to early 20th century)
In the late 19th cebtury,Europe changde a great deal from a mostly agricultural socity te a mostly industrial one.Many people moved from the c0untryside to the new cities.There were many new inventions and social changes.Naturally,these shanges liso led to new painting styles.Among yhe paingting were the Impressionists,who lived and worked in Paris.
The Impressionist were the fiest painters tio work outdoors.They were eager to show hoa light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day.However,because naturaal light changes so quickly,the Impressingists and to paint quickly.Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earliers.At first,many people dislikeed this style of painting and became very angry about it.They sait that the painters were careless and theior paintings and their paingtings were ridiculous.
Modern Art(20th cebtury to today)
At the time they were created,the Impressionist paitings were controversial,but today they are accepted as the beganning of what we call"modern art",this in because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways.There are scores of modern art styles,but without Impressionist,many of there painting styles might not exist.on the one hand,some modren art is abstract;that is,the painter does not attempt to paint object as we see them with our eyes,but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the oject,using color,line and shape to represent them.On the other hand,some paintings of modren art are so realistic that they look like photographs.These styles are so different.Who can predict what painting styles there will be in future?
艺术是受海关百姓和信念风格在西方的艺术已经改变了很多次尽管在许多不同风格的西方艺术,这也不能描述所有他们的简短的文字因此,本文将描述只有最的人,从世纪强盛.
中世纪(5到15世纪)
在中世纪时期,画家们的主要目的是为了表达宗教主题传统的艺术家想这期并不是自然和人们在展示他们真正.一个美洲是张照片在充满宗教的系统符号,并由此造成了一种尊重和对上帝的爱但显然改变了他的想法在13世纪乔托喜欢宗教开始画以一种更现实的场景.
文艺复兴时期（15世纪到的16世纪）
在文艺复兴时期,新的想法和价值观逐渐取代了举办的中世纪人们开始集中减少对宗教主题,也要有更多的人文的生活态度与此同时画家回到古典罗马和希腊知道艺术他们给了他们是真正的人与自然的油漆丰富的人想要拥有自己的绘画,这样就能装饰他们的精湛的宫殿,又大又美的房屋和财产以及他们的活动和成就.
其中最重要的发现这一时期肥厚性骨关节画做正确的事该技术最早是用在马萨其奥在1428当人们第一次他的画作,他们相信,他们相信他们所期望通过墙上有一个洞在真实场景在该规则没有发现透视法,没有人能够画出如此逼真的画纯属巧合,油画颜料画画也在发达的这段时间里,使色彩ueed在画作看起来更丰富、更深刻没有新油漆及新技术的,我们就不可以看到许多杰出的作品,这段时间很有名.
印象派(晚19世纪末到20世纪初)
在十九世纪,欧洲常德大量从农业为主的社会里特的是工业一个许多人从农村搬到新的城市有许多新的发明和社会的变化自然地,这些变化也制定了新的绘画风格在印象派绘画时,在巴黎生活工作.
印象派画家是第一波在户外画画的.他们想展示光和阴影在不同时候的表现.然而,由于自然光的发展如此迅速,印象派和油漆很快不是他们的绘画的画家早些时候详细起初,人们不喜欢这种风格的绘画和变得非常生气他们说画家是粗心大意和他们的两幅画是荒谬的.
现代艺术(20世纪到今天)
在他们被造的日子、中的印象派的画是有争议的,不过现在他们开始接受我们所谓的“现代艺术”,这在因为印象派艺术家鼓励看他们的环境的新方法现代艺术风格已经有好几十种,但没有印象派,许多的绘画风格有可能并不存在一方面,一些现代艺术是抽象的,也就是说,画家不去尝试绘画的对象,作为我们看见他们以我们的眼睛,而是专注于特定的品质的对象,利用色彩、线条和形状的代表另一方面,一些油画现代艺术现实,他们看起来像照片这些风格如此不同谁都知道绘画风格在未来?
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