中国范儿120 冰嬉：冰上的体育竞技

冰嬉：冰上的体育竞技

Ice Frolicking: Sports Passion on Ice

冰嬉是中国古代各项冰上活动的统称，起源于宋，在清朝时期达到鼎盛，多出现于冬季的北方地区。

Ice frolicking refers to all kinds of ice activities in ancient China. It originated in Song Dynasty, reached its peak in Qing Dynasty, and took place mostly in the north of China during winter.

清朝时期，冰嬉作为一项国家军事活动而开展。士兵们穿上特定的冰鞋在冰面上训练和表演各种高难度动作，既是一种娱乐方式，也可锻炼作战灵活性与抗寒能力。冬至过后，皇帝会在北海公园举行隆重的冰嬉盛典，除了进行冰上歌舞表演外，还会开展各项冰上竞技体育活动，“抢等、抢球、转龙射球”便是经典项目，相当于如今体育赛场上的速滑、橄榄球、团体花样杂技等竞技比赛。2019年，北京故宫举办了“紫禁城里过大年”展览，在此次展览上展出了乾隆年间宫廷画家张为邦、姚文翰所绘的《冰嬉图》，该画作就是根据当时宫廷冰上表演的盛况而绘制的。

During the Qing Dynasty, ice frolicking was carried out as part of national military activity. Soldiers put on ice shoes to train and performed various maneuvers on the ice. This was a twin-pronged strategy meant to entertain as well as help soldiers build combat flexibility and resistance to cold. After the winter solstice, the emperor would hold a grand ice frolic ceremony in Beihai Park. In addition to the ice singing and dancing performances, ice sports competitions were held. The classic events included “skating, grabbing the ball, turning the dragon and shooting the ball” which essentially meant speed skating, football, group acrobatics and other competitive games. In 2019, the Forbidden City held an exhibition on ‘Celebrating the Spring Festival in the Forbidden City’. In this exhibition, the painting ‘Frolic on Ice’ drawn by court painters Zhang Weibang and Yao Wenhan during the Qianlong period was displayed. The painting was based on the grand performance of the courtiers on ice at that time.

乾隆年间宫廷画家张为邦、姚文翰所绘的《冰嬉图》（资料图）

时至今日，冰嬉这项传统的冰上活动被保留下来，延续着时代的印记。每年冬至，北海公园将举行皇家冰嬉表演，冰嬉表演队员身着八旗士兵的服饰，脚踏冰鞋进行演出，表演动作多来自《冰嬉图》记载的经典冰上动作，再现当年的盛况。

Today, the traditional activity of ice frolicking is still alive and well-preserved. Every winter solstice, Beihai Park holds a royal ice frolic performance. The ice frolic performers wear clothes similar to those worn by Eight Banners soldiers in Qing dynasty and perform in ice shoes. Most of the performances are based on classic ice actions recorded in the ‘Frolic on Ice’ painting to reproduce the grand occasion of that time.

民间的冰上活动也十分丰富。在北京，每逢深冬，散落在京城大大小小的冰场都会迎来一年中最热闹的时刻。什刹海、颐和园等地的冰面上都是老少云集的戏冰场所，这一景象被无数的文学、影视作品提及，成为了北京人冬日记忆中最难忘的一部分。

Folk ice activities are also very popular. In Beijing, every winter, the ice rinks scattered in the capital, big and small, usher in the most lively time of the year. In Shichahai, Summer Palace and other places, people from all walks of life gather to play ice. This scene has been mentioned by numerous literary and film works and has become an unforgettable part of winter memories for those in Beijing.

表演者穿着清朝八旗服饰在北京北海公园上演皇家“冰嬉” 来源：中新网

骨子里就对冰上运动由衷热爱的中国人，一直期待能办一届冬奥会，并为之不断努力着。2015年07月31日,在马来西亚吉隆坡举行的国际奥委会第128次全会上，奥组委宣布中国的北京和张家口获得2022年冬奥会的主办权，北京也将成为奥运史上第一个既举办过夏季奥运会又举办冬奥会的“双奥之城”。届时，中国将再度掀起新一轮的冰雪热潮。

The Chinese, who love ice sports from the bottom of their heart, have been looking forward to hosting the Winter Olympics. On July 31, 2015, at the 128th plenary session of the International Olympic Committee held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, the Organizing Committee of the Olympic Committee announced that China’s Beijing and Zhangjiakou had won the right to host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games and Beijing would become the first 'Double Olympic City' in the history of the Olympic Games that has hosted both the summer Olympic Games and the Winter Olympic Games. With this, ice sports will climb up the popularity ladder once more.

来源：中国网

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