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unit1
一、重点句型
1. 询问某物里面有什么的句型----What’s in...?
句型结构:What’s in + 其他?
重点解析:此句型是由what引导的特殊疑问句。疑问词what意为“什么”,介词in意为“在...里面”。答语为“There is/are + + in + 其他.”,也可以直接回答物品名称。
例如:What’s in your room?
---There is a bed, a desk and a chair in my room.
What’s in your bag? ---There are some books anda pen.
2. 问颜色----What colour...?
句型结构:What colour is/are + 物品?
例如:What colour is your computer? ---It’s pink.
What colour are they? ---They are green.
3、 方位介词
On表示“在...上面”。 (强调两者互相接触)例如:I put my pen on the desk.
In表示“在...里面” 例如:The ball is in the box.
Near表示“在...附近” 例如:He lives near the river.
Over表示“在...上面”. (不与物体接触)例如:There is a bridge over the river.
Under表示“在...下面” 例如:There is a pair of shoes under the bed.
Behind表示“在...后面” 例如:There is a river behind the house.
In front of表示“在...前面” 例如:There is a big tree in front of the house.
Next to...在旁边 例如:There is a bed next to the window.
Between 在(两者)之间 例如:There is a chair between the door and the window.
二、语法:be动词的用法和区别
1. there be句型和have/has的用法区别
Be动词:am、 is、 are
口诀:我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它,复数全用are。
例题:
(1) I______ a boy. ______ you a boy?
No, I_____ not.
(2) The girl______ Jack's sister.
(3) The dog _______ tall and fat.
(4)The jeans ______ on the desk.
参考答案:
(1) am, Are, am
(2) is
(3) is
(4) are
综合练习:用恰当的be动词填空。
1. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.
2.______ your brother in the classroom?
3. Where_____ your mother? She ______ at home.
4. How_______ your father?
5. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.
6. Whose dress ______ this?
7. Whose socks ______ they?
8. That______ my red skirt.
9. Who______ I?
10. Here______ a scarf for you.
参考答案1. is 2. Is 3. is, is 4. is 5. are 6. is 7. are 8. is 9. am 10. is
there be句型基本认识
1. 定义:There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。
2. 结构:
(1)There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.
(2) There are +复数名词+地点状语.
注意事项: there是引导词,在句中不充当任何成分,翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物,谓语动词be要与主语(某人或某物)的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时,谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。
如:
There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。
There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. 我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。
There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩,一个女孩。
3. there be 句型的常考点
(1)变成否定
There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样,在be后加上not即可。
例如:
There are some pictures on the wall.
否:There aren't any pictures on the wall.
There is a bike behind the tree.
否: There isn't a bike behind the tree.
(2)变成一般疑问句
There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意:当肯定句中有some时,要将其改为any(否定变化也一样)。
some 用于肯定句, any用于否定或疑问句。
There is some water on Mars.
→ Is there any water on Mars?
There are some fish in the water.
→Are there any fish in the water?
(3)特殊疑问句
对主语提问:当主语是人的时候,则用who 引导,当主语是物的时候,则用what引导。注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。
如:
There are many things over there.
→What's over there?
There is a little girl in the room.
→Who is in the room?
对地点状语提问:
则用where 引导。如:
There is a computer on the desk.
→ Where is the computer?
There are four children on the playground.
→Where are the four children?
对数量提问:般有两种句型结构:
How many+复数名词+arethere+介词短语?
How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语?
Have / has
1. 定义:指的是主观上的“拥有;持有”,表示某人拥有某物,是一种所属关系
2. 结构:主语 + have(第三人称单数用has)+ 物品
例如:I have some apples.
My mother’s has some friends.
3. have/has跟主语的搭配
第一人称:我,我们I, we
第二人称:你,你们 you
第三人称:除第一、第二人称之外的其他人称
第三人称单数:he, she, it, Kitty, Alice, Ben
have(第三人称单数)——has
unit2
1. 正确认读下列词汇:
名词rock ground;
动词短语:look for
疑问词where;
方位词 on、 under、 in、 behind、 in front of;
2. 句型:能够掌握询问和描述事物位置的基本句型,并正确进行描述。
Is there…
Where is the ……?
It’s on……
It’s under……
It’s in……
It’s behind……
It’s in front of………
unit3
5.询问某物的数量:
How many+可数名词复数+are there+ in…?
答语:There are+数字.
6.There be句型否定句:在be后面加not
There isn’t /There aren’t
一般疑问句:
把be动词提前放到句首,再在句尾加上问号。
Is there…/ Are there..?
unit4
一、重点词组
like to
after school
in a flat
play computer games
take a shower
have meals
watch TV
read books
do one’s homework
flowers
Let’s = let us
take a shower
二、单词辨析
1. some / any的用法区别(复习)
Any和some都有“一些”的意思,它们既可以修饰可数名词复数,又可以修饰不可数名词。但是,它们在用法上有所区别。
(1) Some常用在肯定句种,而any常用于否定句中和疑问句中。
例如:
I have some books.
我有一些书。(肯定句)
I can’t see any juice.
我没看见果汁。(否定句)
Do you have any friends at school?
你在学校有朋友吗?(疑问句)
(2)在表示请求、邀请、语气委婉、希望得到对方肯定回答时,多用some不用any。此时,句中常出现情态动词can, may, could, would等。
例如:
Would you like some soup?
你想要一些汤吗?
(3)any也可以用于肯定句中,此时后面接可数名词单数,意为“任何一个”,起强调作用。
例如:
Any student can answer this question.
任何一个学生都能回答这个问题。
Some, any用法歌诀:
肯定句,用some,
否定、疑问用any。
但有两点特殊记:
若表请求、邀请或委婉,
疑问也要用some;
若表“任何一个”接单数,
肯定也要用any。
2.have / has (有)的用法区别
第一人称:
我,我们 I, we
第二人称:
你,你们 you
第三人称:
除第一、第二人称之外的其他人称
第三人称单数:
比如:he, she, it, Kitty, Alice, Ben
have(第三人称单数)——has
(1)I have adog.
(2)He has a cat.
(3)You have a pen.
(4)I have a bicycle and Ben has a bicycle, too.
(5)You have two new friends and I have one.
(6)Alice has long hair and I have short hair.
(7)We have two new pens.
(8)Theyhave three books.
(9)Ben and Peter have three apples.
(10)A ladybird has six legs.
3.too 和also的用法区别
课文应用:Do you live in a flat, too?
重点解析:also和too意义上没有区别,都是“也”的意思;用法一般都是用于
肯定句中;also放句子中间或句首,但不能放句末;too只能放句末。
例如:
We also can do it. / Also, we can do it.
Me too. / I am so happy, too!
三、句型
如何表达自己喜欢做某事---I like to...
课文应用:
Yes, I like to play here after school.
是的,我喜欢放学后在这里玩。
句型结构:
I like to + 动词原形 + 其他。
重点解析:
此句型用于表达自己喜欢做某事。Like意为“喜欢”,如果后接动作,要用to加上动词原形。
例如:
I like to swim, but Mary doesn’t like.
我喜欢游泳,但是玛丽不喜欢。
四、语法
简介一般疑问句
课文应用:
Do you live in a flat, too?
你住在一个公寓里吗?
一般疑问句有以下三种情况:
(1)由be动词开头的一般疑问句:
其结构为:Be动词 + 主语 + 其它,其中be动词的形式由其主语的人称和数来决定。其答语为:Yes,主语 + be动词./ No,主语 + be动词 + not.
例如:
---Is Mary your sister?
玛丽是你妹妹吗?
---Yes,she is.
是的,她是。
---Are they your friends?
他们是你的朋友吗?
---No,they aren’t.
不,他们不是。
(2)由助动词引导的一般疑问句:
其结构为:Do/Does + 主语+ 动词原形 + 其它,当主语是第三人称单数时用does;当主语是其他人称时用do。其答语为:Yes,主语 + do / does./ No,主语 + don’t/doesn’t.
例如:
---Do you like apples?
你喜欢吃苹果吗?
---Yes,I do.
是的,我喜欢。
---Does she like painting?
她喜欢画画吗?
---No, she doesn’t.
不,她不喜欢。
(3)由情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
其答语为:Yes,主语 + 情态动词。
No,主语 + 情态动词 + not。
例如:
---May I come in?
我可以进来吗?
---Yes, you may.
是的,你可以。
---Can you speak English?
你会说英语吗?
---No, I can’t.
不,我不会。
unit5
回答对方的感谢:
Not at all.
That’s all right.
My pleasure.
It’s my pleasure.
unit6
unit7
【知识考点】
一、多少:How many和How much
how many + 可数名词
how much + 不可数名词
How much milk is there in the glass?
How many birds can you see in the picture?
How many books are there on the desk?
二、让我想想:Let me see.
Let+宾格+动词原形+其他。如:
Let him go.
Let us come to the party.
三、do, does,它们为助动词,本身没有意义,只是帮助主要动词构成谓语,表示疑问,否定,语态等。
①构成疑问句或否定句。
How do you go to the park? (do, does)
He does not smoke. (do, does)
②加强语气。
Do come and see us. (一定来看我们。)
③构成否定的祈使句。
Don’t be so careless. (不要那么粗心)
四、重点语法:一般现在时
(传统版本)
一般现在时定义:表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
一般现在时的用法:
①表示经常性或者习惯性的动作,常与always, often, usually, every day, sometimes等词连用。 如:
He always rides a bike.
They often help me.
②表示事实或客观真理,如:
The earth goes around the sun.
May comes after April.
一般现在时动词第三人称单数变化规则:
①一般在动词词尾加-s。如:
like-likes know-knows
②以字母s, x, o, ch, sh结尾的动词加-es。如:
watch-watches push-pushes
go-goes fix-fixes miss-misses
③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,把y变i,再加-es,如:
study-studies fly-flies
④不规则变化,如:
have-has
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