扬州光电中心接收光伏行业首台新版 IEC61730-2“温度测试”的稳态太阳光模拟器
经过紧张的安装调试和试运行，日前我公司正式向扬州光电中心正式交付光伏行业首台根据新版 IEC61730 “温度测试”要求定制的稳态太阳光模拟器。
根据标准测试要求，该设备三个主要核心指标及技术难点：
1、BBA及以上等级太阳光模拟器；
2、按标准要求需配备“冷天空”；
3、确保测试过程中风速小于< 0.25 m/s；一般情况下，测试过程中风速接近0 m/s；
作为该设备的核心技术之一，我公司2014年开发了“冷天空”装置，并成功应用于多个项目，如今有幸被 IEC 采用，写入测试要求。
交付设备
瑞起（香港）科技集团有限公司及所属上海瑞起、上海劲越实业发展有限公司致力于提供专业的“模拟环境”设备，尤其在太阳光模拟方面，公司依托世界顶级“太阳光模拟系统”生产企业德国HOENLE原厂技术，致力于研发、生产和销售各种工况“太阳光环境模拟设备”，并可根据客户的要求，订制不同辐照要求，不同面积的稳态太阳光模拟器、紫外加速老化等。设备广泛使用于军工、汽车及光伏行业。如：中国高能物理研究院，201，中电科20所；宝马汽车，广汽，马自达，奇瑞汽车，菲亚特，一汽；无锡国家光伏中心，成都国家光伏中心，扬州光电，CSA，天祥，TUV，晶科，晶澳，乐叶，3M，福斯特，国网等。
附：IEC61730-2
10.15 Temperature test MST 21 温度测试
10.15.1 Purpose目的
This temperature test is designed to determine the maximum reference temperatures for
various components and materials used to construct the PV module, in order to verify the
suitability of their use.
温度测试的目的是确定由不同部件和材料生产的PV组件最大标准温度，以验证它们使用的适宜性。
The test can be performed under natural sunlight or by use of a solar simulator with a cold
sky.
该实验可以在自然光下或含有冷天空的日光模拟器下进行。
10.15.2 Outdoor method 户外方法
10.15.2.1 Test apparatus测试装置
• A black painted platform constructed of a suitable wooden plate that has sufficient
mechanical strength to avoid warping under temperature influence. Behind the board a
thermal insulation with a U value of less than 0,5 W/(m⋅K) shall be placed.
用合适的木板建造的黑色油漆平台，有足够的机械强度避免在温度影响下翘曲。在平板后面应放置一个U值小于0.5 W保温/（m⋅K）的热绝缘体。
• A pyranometer or PV reference device conforming to IEC 60904-2 mounted in the plane of
the structure within 30 cm of the test PV module.
符合IEC 60904-2的辐照计或PV标准电池安装在平板上，距测试PV组件30厘米内。
• Instruments to measure wind speed down to 0,25 m/s installed approximately 0,7 m above
the top of the platform.测量风速的仪表安装在平台顶部上方0.7米处，风速小于0,25 m/s
• An environmental temperature sensor, with a time constant equal to, or less than, that of
the PV module, installed in a shaded enclosure with good ventilation. The sensor shall be
placed left or right of the platform so that no thermal interference can occur.
一个安装在通风良好的遮挡外壳里的环境温度传感器，，其时间常数等于或小于
PV组件。传感器应放置在平台的左边或右边，这样就不会发生热干扰.。
• A temperature monitoring system capable of measuring PV module component
temperatures with accuracy of ±2 K.
一种可测量PV组件的温度监测系统，温度精度为±2 K
• A data acquisition system capable of recording the parameters within an interval of no
more than 5 s.
能够在间隔时间小于5秒内记录参数的数据采集系统。
• Maximum power point tracking device or a resistive load sized such that at STC the PV
module operates near the maximum power point.
最大功率点跟踪装置或负载电阻，以使PV组件在STC下工作在最大功率点附近。
10.15.2.2 Procedure 程序
The PV module under test shall be mounted sunny-side-up onto the black painted platform in
accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions. If the instructions offer more than
one option, the option providing the worst-case thermal conditions shall be used. If no
indications have been provided for spacing, the test PV module shall be mounted horizontally
and directly flat on the platform without spacing.
根据制造商的安装说明，被测试光伏组件需要光照的一面朝上安装在上黑色油漆平台。如果说明提供超过一个选项，应使用提供最坏情况下的热工况的选项。如果没有提供间距说明，测试PV组件应水平安装并直接平放在平台上，无间距。
The black painted side of the wooden platform shall face the test sample and the platform
shall extend at least 60 cm beyond the PV module on all sides unless the PV module is
installed directly next to other PV modules of similar dimensions.
木制平板涂黑色漆一面应面向试件并且平板的四边应比光伏组件延长至少60厘米以上，除非光伏组件直接安装在其他类似尺寸的光伏组件旁边。
The PV module under test shall be connected to the resistive load or maximum power point
tracking device. 被试光伏组件应接最大功率点跟踪装置或负载电阻。
Throughout the test the following parameters shall be monitored:在整个实验过程中，应监测如下参数：
• temperatures of PV module components and materials, as listed below;
光伏组件部件和材料温度，如下面所列
• environmental temperature;
环境温度
• irradiance;
辐射强度
• wind speed.
风速
The environmental temperature during the test may be in the range of 20 °C to 45 °C. The
irradiance during the test shall be between 700 W/m 2 and 1 000 W/m 2.
试验过程中，环境温度范围20 °C to 45 °C，辐照强度范围700 W/m 2 -1 000 W/m 2.
–28 – IEC 61730-2:2016 © IEC 2016
If the irradiance is other than 1 000 W/m2, take at least two measurements at other irradiance
levels (at least 80 W/m2 apart) and then make a quadratic extrapolation to determine the
corrected module temperature at 1 000 W/m2irradiance.
如果辐照度不是1 000 W/m2，至少在其他两个辐照度下测量（至少相隔80 W /m2），然后做一个二次外推法，以确定校正在1000 W /米2辐照度组件温度。
It is permissible to reposition (track) the test platform to maintain a consistent irradiance level
throughout the test.
整个测试过程中，为了维持一致的辐照水平，可以重新定位（跟踪）测试平台。
All data shall be taken at wind-speeds of less than 1 m/s.
所有数据的采集应在风速小于1 m/s.的条件下
Stabilised temperature data for each test location shall be collected. Thermal stability has
been attained when three successive averaged values, taken 5 min apart, indicate a change
in temperatures of less than ± 2 K. Averaged values in this context are calculated from the
readings taken over a 1 min interval.
应收集每个测试位置稳定的温度数据。获得热稳定性指三个连续的温度平均值小于±2 K，采集间隔5分钟，在此文中的平均值是计算的超过1分钟的时间间隔的读数。
The measured component temperatures (T OBS ) shall benormalised by the addition of the
difference between the 40 °C reference environmental temperature and the measured
environmental temperature (T ENV ) according to the formula:
通过增加标准环境温度（40°C）与实测环境温度（t env）差值使测量元件的温度（T OBS）恢复到标称温度，根据公式：TCON=TOBS + （40 °C- TENV)
where T CON is the normalised temperature. TCON是标称温度。
If an unacceptable performance is encountered during the temperature test and the
performance is attributed to a test condition that although within the limits specified may be
considered more severe than necessary – for example an ambient temperature near the limits
allowed – the test may be conducted under conditions closer to the norm.
如果在温度测试过程中遇到不可接受的性能，而该性能归因于一个测试条件，虽然测试条件在规定的范围内，但可能比必要的更苛刻——例如环境温度在允许的极限附近——测试应在比较接近标准的条件下进行。
Typical component measurement points shall include:
典型部件测试点应包含：
• PV module frontsheet above the centre cell, if non-glass (possible shading of cells by
temperature sensor shall be avoided as much as possible).
光伏组件中心电池片上方的前板，如果非玻（尽可能避免温度传感器遮挡电池片产生阴影的可能）
• PV module backsheet below the centre cell.
光伏组件中心电池片下方背板
• Terminal enclosure interior surface.
边缘外壳内表面
• Field wiring terminals.
现场接线终端
• Insulation of the field wiring leads.
现场布线引线绝缘端
• External connector bodies (if applicable).
外部连接器（如适用）
• Bypass diode bodies (if applicable).
旁路二极管（如适用）
Due to the many possible variations in construction, more than one data gathering point for
each cited location may be used, at the discretion of the test laboratory.
由于结构的多样性, 每个测试部分可能使用多个数据采集点, 这由测试实验室自主判定。
10.15.3 Solar simulator method 太阳模拟器方法
10.15.3.1 Test apparatus测试装置
• A continuous source sun simulator class BBC or better according to IEC 60904-9 shining
from top to the horizontally mounted test platform with an average irradiance of
1 000 W/m 2 in the area of testing (PV module area plus 20 cm surrounding the PV
module).
依据IEC60904-9的BBC等级稳态太阳模拟器或更好，光从上照射到测试平面，测试平面为光伏组件四边延长20cm，平均辐照强度为1 000 W/m2
• Reference cell to measure the irradiance in the test plane.
用标准电池测测试平面的辐照强度
• Cold sky to avoid heat from the light source influencing the test results.
用冷天空来消除光源对测试结果的影响
• A black painted test platform parallel to the light source which has sufficient mechanical
strength to avoid warping under temperature influence.
平行光源放置的黑色平板要有足够的机械强度，以避免因温度影响而弯曲。
• Means for mounting the test PV module directly flat to the test platform.
将测试PV组件直接安装到测试平台上的装置。
IEC 61730-2:2016 © IEC 2016 – 29 –
• A handheld anemometer to ensure a wind speed during the test of < 0,25 m/s; typically the
wind speed will be close to 0 m/s during the test.
一个手持式风速计，确保测试过程中风速小于< 0,25 m/s；一般情况下，测试过程中风速接近0 m/s
• An air temperature sensor, with a time constant equal to, or less than, that of the PV
module, installed in a shaded enclosure with good ventilation. The sensor shall be placed
left or right of the platform so that no thermal interference can occur.
一个安装在通风良好的遮挡外壳里的环境温度传感器，，其时间常数等于或小于
PV组件。传感器应放置在平台的左边或右边，这样就不会发生热干扰.。
• A temperature monitoring system capable of measuring PV module component
temperatures with an accuracy of ± 2 K.
一种可测量PV组件的温度监测系统，温度精度为±2 K
• A data acquisition system capable of recording the parameters within an interval of no
more than 5 s.
能够在间隔时间小于5秒内记录参数的数据采集系统。
• Maximum power point tracking device or a resistive load sized such that at STC the PV
module operates near the maximum power point.
最大功率点跟踪装置或负载电阻，以使PV组件在STC下工作在最大功率点附近。
10.15.3.2 Procedure
The PV module under test shall be mounted sunny-side-up onto the black painted platform in
accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions. If the instructions offer more than
one option, the option providing the worst-case thermal conditions shall be used. If no
indications have been provided for spacing, the test PV module shall be mounted horizontally
and directly flat to the platform without spacing.
根据制造商的安装说明，被测试光伏组件需要光照的一面朝上安装在上黑色油漆平台。如果说明提供超过一个选项，应使用提供最坏情况下的热工况的选项。如果没有提供间距说明，测试PV组件应水平安装并直接平放在平台上，无间距。
The black painted test area shall face the test sample and the platform shall extend at least
60 cm beyond the PV module on all sides unless the PV module is installed directly next to
other PV modules of similar dimensions. 木制平板涂黑色漆一面应面向试件并且平板的四边应比光伏组件延长至少60厘米以上，除非光伏组件直接安装在其他类似尺寸的光伏组件旁边。
The PV module under test shall be connected to the resistive load or maximum power point
tracking device. 被试光伏组件应接最大功率点跟踪装置或负载电阻。
Throughout the test the following parameters shall be monitored:在整个实验过程中，应监测如下参数：
• temperatures of PV module components and materials, as listed below;
光伏组件部件和材料温度，如下面所列
• environmental temperature;
环境温度
• irradiance;
辐射强度
• wind speed, if required (during the test the wind speed is typically close to 0 m/s).
风速，如果需要（一般情况下，测试过程中风速接近0 m/s）
The air temperature during the test shall be maintained within ± 3 K (the cold sky will ensure
that the air in the simulator test room is not heating up).
测试过程中，环境温度应维持在± 3 K内（冷天空将确保模拟器试验箱内空气温度不会被加热）
Stabilised temperature data for each test location shall be collected. Thermal stability has
been attained when three successive averaged values, taken 5 min apart, indicate a change
in temperatures of less than ± 2 K. Averaged values in this context are calculated from the
readings taken over a 5 min interval.
应收集每个测试位置稳定的温度数据。获得热稳定性指三个连续的温度平均值小于±2 K，采集间隔5分钟，在此文中的平均值是计算的超过5分钟的时间间隔的读数。
The measured component temperatures (T OBS ) shall be normalised by the addition of the
difference between the 40 °C reference environmental temperature and the measured
environmental temperature (T ENV ) according to the formula:
通过增加标准环境温度（40°C）与实测环境温度（t env）差值使测量元件的温度（T OBS）恢复到标称温度，根据公式：TCON=TOBS + （40 °C- TENV)
where T CON is the normalised temperature. TCON是标称温度。
If an unacceptable performance is encountered during the temperature test and the
performance is attributed to a test condition that although within the limits specified may be
considered more severe than necessary – for example an ambient temperature near the limits
allowed – the test may be conducted under conditions closer to the norm.
如果在温度测试过程中遇到不可接受的性能，而该性能归因于一个测试条件，虽然测试条件在规定的范围内，但可能比必要的更苛刻——例如环境温度在允许的极限附近——测试应在比较接近标准的条件下进行。
Typical component measurement points shall include:
典型部件测试点应包含：
• PV module frontsheet above the centre cell, if non-glass (possible shading of cells by
temperature sensor shall be avoided as much as possible).
光伏组件中心电池片上方的前板，如果非玻（尽可能避免温度传感器遮挡电池片产生阴影的可能）
• PV module backsheet below the centre cell.
光伏组件中心电池片下方背板
• Terminal enclosure interior surface.
边缘外壳内表面
• Field wiring terminals.
现场接线终端
• Insulation of the field wiring leads.
现场布线引线绝缘端
• External connector bodies (if applicable).
外部连接器（如适用）
• Bypass diode bodies (if applicable).
旁路二极管（如适用）
Due to the many possible variations in construction, more than one data gathering point for
each cited location may be used, at the discretion of the test laboratory.
由于结构的多样性, 每个测试部分可能使用多个数据采集点, 这由测试实验室自主判定。
10.15.4 Pass criteria 通过标准
The pass criteria are as follows: 通过标准如下：
a) No measured temperatures exceed any of the applicable temperature limits (e.g.
TI/RTE/RTI) of surfaces, materials, or components. Thermal material requirements are
given in 5.5 of IEC 61730-1:2016.
测量的温度没有超过任何表面，材料或部件适用的温度极限（如TI/RTE/RTI），散热材料要求依据5.5 of IEC 61730-1:2016
b) No visual defects as defined in MST 01.
依据MST 01.，没有可视的缺陷
c) MST 16, MST 17 shall meet the same requirements as for the initial measurements.
IEC 61730-1 requires reporting of the maximum measured operating temperature as
determined by this test method.
MST 16, MST 17要满足相同的最初测量要求。IEC 61730-1要求记录又测量方法决定的最大测量工作温度。