关注两会｜2016政府工作报告要点
China’s Economic and Social Development in 2015
完成了全年主要目标任务；
The main tasks and targets for the year were fulfilled;
社会经济发展稳中有进，稳中有好；
Progress was achieved and stability ensured in economic and social development;
国内生产总值达到67.7万亿元，增长6.9%，在世界主要经济体中位居前列；
GDP reached 67.7 trillion yuan, representing an increase of 6.9% over 2014—a growth rate faster than that of most other major economies;
居民消费价格涨幅保持较低水平；
Consumer prices grew slowly;
城镇新增就业1312万人；
A total of 13.12 million new urban jobs were created;
服务业在国内生产总值中的比重上升到50.5%；
The service sector as a proportion of GDP rose to 50.5%;
消费对经济增长的贡献率达到66.4%；
The contribution of consumption toward economic growth reached 66.4%;
单位国内生产总值能耗下降5.6%；
Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5.6%;
全年新登记注册企业增长21.6%，平均每天新增1.2万户。；
The number of newly registered businesses rose by 21.6%, or an average of 12,000 new businesses per day;
全国居民人均可支配收入实际增长7.4%。；
Personal disposable income per capita increased by 7.4% in real terms;
农村贫困人口减少1442万人。
The number of rural residents living in poverty was reduced by 14.42 million.
到2020年，国内生产总值和城乡居民人均收入比2010年翻一番；
Double the 2010 GDP and per capita personal income;
经济年均增长保持在6.5%以上；
Annual GDP growth: 6.5% or above;
全社会研发经费投入强度达到2.5%；
R&D spending 2.5% of GDP;
科技进步对经济增长的贡献率达到60%；
Science and technology’s contribution to economic growth: 60%;
常住人口城镇化率达到60%；
Permanent urban residents: 60% of the total population;
户籍人口城镇化率达到45%；
Registered permanent urban residents: 45% of the total population;
高铁营业里程达到3万公里，覆盖80%以上的大城市；
High-speed railways in service: 30,000 km, linking 80% of big cities;
新建改建高速公路通车里程约3万公里；
Expressways built or upgraded: 30,000 km;
实现城乡宽带网络全覆盖；
Full coverage of access to broadband networks;
加快改善生态环境；
Improvements to the environment;
- 单位国内生产总值用水量下降23%；
Water consumption per unit of GDP: down 23%;
- 单位国内生产总值能耗下降15%；
Energy consumption per unit of GDP: down 15%;
- 单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放量下降18%；
Carbon dioxide emissions: down 18%;
我国现行标准下的农村贫困人口实现脱贫；
Lift all rural residents falling below the current poverty line out of poverty;
实现城镇新增就业5000万人以上；
New urban jobs: more than 50 million;
城镇棚户区住房改造2000万套。
Housing units rebuilt in rundown urban areas: 20 million.
今年发展的主要预期目标 Main development targets
国内生产总值增长6.5%-7%；
GDP growth: 6.5%-7%;
居民消费价格涨幅3%左右；
CPI increase: approx. 3%;
城镇新增就业1000万人以上；
New urban jobs: more than 10 million;
城镇登记失业率4.5%以内；
Registered urban unemployment rate: within 4.5%;
进出口回稳向好；
Steady increases in imports and exports;
国际收支基本平衡；
A basic balance in international payments;
居民收入增长和经济增长基本同步；
Increases in personal income basically in step with economic growth;
单位国内生产总值能耗下降3.4%以上；
Energy consumption per unit of GDP: down more than 3.4%;
主要污染物排放继续减少。
Further reductions in the release of major pollutants.
宏观经济政策 Macroeconomic policies
继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策；
Implement proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy;
今年拟安排财政赤字2.18万亿元；
Deficit: 2.18 trillion yuan;
赤字率提高到3%；
Deficit-to-GDP ratio: 3%;
安排地方专项债券4000亿元；
Special bonds for local governments: 400 billion yuan;
继续发行地方政府置换债券；
Continue to issue local government debt – converting bonds;
全面实施营改增；
Replace business tax with VAT in all sectors;
广义货币M2预期增长13%左右；
M2 money supply growth: approx. 13%;
社会融资规模余额增长13%左右；
Aggregate financing growth: approx. 13%;
加快改革完善现代金融监管体制；
Reform the modern financial regulatory system;
保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上基本稳定。
Keep the RMB exchange rate generally stable at an appropriate and balanced level.
加强供给侧结构性改革 Supply-side structural reform
继续大力削减行政审批事项；
Cancel the requirement of government review for more matters;
在部分地区试行市场准入负面清单制度；
Pilot a negative list for market access;
着力实施创新驱动发展战略；
Implement the strategy of innovation-driven development;
鼓励创业创新；
Encourage business startups and innovation;
加强知识产权保护；
Strengthen protection of intellectual property rights;
重点抓好钢铁、煤炭等困难行业去产能；
Address overcapacity in the steel and coal industries;
国有企业提质增效；
Improve SOE performance;
推进国有企业股权多元化改革；
Diversify types of SOE equity;
依法平等保护各种所有制经济产权；
Protect the property rights of entities under all forms of ownership;
更好激发非公有制经济活力。
Energize the non-public sector.
深挖国内需求潜力 Domestic demand
支持发展养老、健康、家政、教育培训、文化体育等服务消费；
Support the growth of consumption in elderly care, health, housekeeping, education, training, cultural, and sports services;
壮大网络信息、智能家居、个性时尚等新兴消费；
Strengthen the growth of emerging areas of consumption such as information goods and services, smart homes, and personalized fashion;
降低部分消费品的进口关税；
Cut tariffs on some consumer goods;
增加免税店数量；
Increase the number of duty-free stores;
加速旅游业的发展；
Speed up tourism development;
完成铁路投资8000亿元以上；
Invest more than 800 billion yuan in railway construction;
公路投资1.65万亿元；
Invest 1.65 trillion yuan in road construction;
开工20项重大水利工程；
Start construction on 20 water conservancy projects;
建设水电核电、特高压输电、智能电网、油气管网、城市轨道交通等重大项目；
Develop hydropower, nuclear power, ultrahigh-voltage power transmission, smart grids, pipelines for oil and gas transmission, and urban rail transit;
完善政府和社会资本合作模式，激发社会资本参与热情。
Improve the PPP model to stimulate private investment.
推进新型城镇化
Advance new urbanization
- 加快农业转移人口市民化；
Grant urban residency to more people with rural household registration;
- 改革户籍制度；
Reform the household registration system;
- 实施居住证制度。
Implement the residence card system;
对外开放 Openning up
扎实推进“一带一路”建设；
More ahead with the Belt and Road Initiative;
促进外贸创新发展；
Promote innovation-driven development of foreign trade;
- 开展服务贸易发展试点；
Launch trials in the area of trade in services;
实施更加积极的进口政策
Adopt a more proactive import policy
- 扩大先进技术设备、关键零部件及紧缺能源原材料进口；
Increase the import of advanced technology and equipment, key spare parts and components, and energy and raw materials in short supply in China;
继续放宽投资准入；
Continue to relax market access restriction on investment;
- 扩大服务业和一般制造业开放；
Further open up the service sector and the general manufacturing sector;
- 简化外商投资企业设立程序；
Simplify procedures for establishing overseas-funded enterprise;
扩大自贸实验区试点；
Establish more pilot free trade zones;
扩大国际产能合作；
Achieve greater industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries;
加快实施自由贸易区战略；
Accelerate implementation of the free trade area strategy;
商签区域全面经济伙伴关系协定；
Negotiate on the RCEP agreement;
商签中日韩自贸协定；
Negotiate on the China-Japan-ROK free trade agreement;
商签中美、中欧投资协定。
Negotiate on investment agreements between China and the United States and between China and the European Union.
加大环境治理力度 Environmental pollution management
重拳治理大气雾霾和水污染；
Control smog and water pollution;
大力发展节能环保产业；
Develop energy-saving and environmental protection industry;
加强生态安全屏障建设。
Step up ecological security.
切实保障改善民生 Improve Living Standards
着力扩大就业创业；
Promote business development and increase employment;
发展更高质量更加公平的教育；
Promote fairer access to and strengthen the quality of education;
协调推进医疗、医保、医药联动改革；
Coordinate and promote reform of medical care, medical insurance and pharmaceutical industry;
确保国家安全和公共安全；
Ensure national and public security;
推进文化改革发展；
Promote cultural reform;
加强和创新社会治理。
Strengthen and make innovations in social governance.
加强政府自身建设，提高施政能力和服务水平 Improve government image and enhance governance and service ability
坚持依法履职，把政府活动全面纳入法治轨道；
Exercise power in accordance with the law, legalizing all governmental activities;
坚持廉洁履职，深入推进反腐倡廉；
Exercise power with clean hands and further fight corruption;
坚持勤勉履职，提高执行力和公信力。
Exercise power with diligence , enhancing the government's administrative capacity and public credibility.
作者：马文英 左卓 杜娟
来源：中国日报网英语点津