法国工程师嵩明种地：这是享受理想生活的地方 | French Engineer Farming in Songming
Martin is checking the bred blueberry seedlings. By Liu Kaida
马丁检查育种的蓝莓苗。刘凯达摄
Walking into Martin’s berry base in Longyuan Village, Songyang Town, Songming County, Kunming, Yunnan, you will be impressed by the sound environment and numerous birds. Although it is still a bit chilly outside, it is already full of spring in Martin’s blueberry nursery greenhouse. The blueberries in the demonstration greenhouse have become a delicacy for the birds nearby.
云南昆明嵩明县嵩阳镇龙院村，走进马丁的浆果基地，第一印象是环境好、鸟儿多。虽然外面仍有些寒意，可马丁的蓝莓育苗大棚内，已是一片盎然春意。大棚内示范种植的蓝莓，成为周边鸟类争相来品尝的美食。
Martin Dabilly a French agricultural engineer, came to Yunnan, China, 16 years ago. Since then, his unique life and career have unfolded here. He planted raspberries at the very beginning, and now he focuses on blueberry cultivation. Martin said, “What attracted me was the pleasant climate and the agreeable ecology. This is where I enjoy my ideal life.”
16年前，法国农业工程师马丁·达比利来到中国云南。从此，他的生活和事业就在这里展开。从最初种植树莓，到如今专注蓝莓育苗，马丁说：“吸引我的是好气候，也是好生态。这里是我享受理想生活的地方。”
In 2006, when Martin came to China on a business trip, he found that raspberries which were frequently seen in the European market were hard to find in the Chinese market.
2006年，马丁来中国出差。他在考察时发现，欧洲市场上常见的树莓在中国市场上却不多见。
“Raspberries are rich in vitamins and of high nutritional value. Why not introduce raspberries into the Chinese market?” Martin began to look for a place suitable to grow raspberries. When he passed through Songming, he found that it boasted a pleasant climate, an agreeable ecological environment, flat terrain, and convenient transportation as it’s close to Kunming Airport. Martin decided to locate his raspberry base in Longyuan Village, which is about 10 kilometers away from Songming County.
“树莓含有丰富的维生素，营养价值高。能不能将树莓引入中国市场？”马丁开始寻找适宜树莓种植的地方。一次路过嵩明，发现这里气候适宜、生态环境好，加之地势平坦，因靠近昆明机场而交通便利，马丁决定将树莓种植基地安在距离嵩明县城10余公里的龙院村。
Martin is checking the map. By Liu Kaida
马丁查看地图。刘凯达摄
“I came here to Yunnan because of its pleasant climate,” Martin recalled. Raspberry planting has high requirements for the environment as it needs sufficient sunlight and a suitable temperature. In addition, as rinsing will wash away the fruit powder with high nutritional value on the surface, it is best not to wash fresh raspberry before eating. It, therefore, requests high air quality. Longyuan Village meets these requirements. In addition to its sound environmental conditions, the local authority also attaches great importance to green and sustainable development.
“好气候吸引我来到云南。”马丁回忆。树莓对生长环境要求颇高，需要充足的日照、适宜的气温，此外，因为清洗会冲去树莓果皮上营养价值较高的果粉，所以鲜食树莓最好能实现免洗，这也对其生长的空气质量有了硬性要求。龙院村正符合这些要求，这里不但环境条件好，当地也非常重视绿色可持续发展。
“Will the foreigner really farm in China?” At first, villagers nearby were all curious about the “foreign farmer” who could come from afar and could only speak a few words of Chinese. The first thing Martin did was to make windbreaks by planting trees such as fast-growing eucalyptus trees as well as walnut trees, sweet-scented osmanthus trees, cherry trees...All kinds of trees that provided abundant food for the surrounding insects and birds, made a healthy ecological system for the base.
“外国人来中国种地，能行吗？”起初，周边村民对这位远道而来、只能说几句简单汉语的“外国农民”充满好奇，也有一些怀疑。马丁干的第一件事情就是种树。基地大棚需要种树防风，除了速生的桉树，他还种了核桃树、桂花树、樱花树……多样的树种，为周围的昆虫和鸟类提供了丰富的食物，让基地成为一个健康的生态系统。
After that, raspberry saplings were planted. Instead of adopting the planting model of “watering and fertilizing”, he chose precise irrigation, which improved the utilization rate of water resources and guaranteed the soil quality of the farmland to the utmost extent. The saplings have grown up, and Martin’s greenhouses have attracted more and more people. Villagers often come to him for “tree planting tips.”
此后，一株株树莓树苗被种下。马丁没有采用“大水大肥”的种植模式，而是选择了精准灌溉方式。这样不仅能提高水资源的利用率，还能最大限度地保护农田土质。树苗茁壮生长起来，马丁的基地大棚人气也越来越旺，村民们经常来找他交流“种树经”。
“His approach is in line with the concept of green development that has been promoted locally,” Huang Jianwei, deputy director of Songyang Sub-district of Songming County, said. According to him, local farmers built ordinary greenhouses in the past and adopted extensive planting methods, leaving many chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the soil. It damaged both the environment and the economic benefits. To make improvements, the government made great efforts to help villagers change their production methods with a variety of policies and financial support. More and more greenhouses started to use degradable films and organic fertilizers.
“这种做法与当地一直在推广的绿色发展理念相契合。”嵩明县嵩阳街道办副主任黄建伟介绍，过去当地农民建的是普通大棚，粗放的种植方式使得不少化肥、农药残留在土壤中，既对环境造成破坏，经济效益也不理想。为改变这种状况，政府提供多种政策、资金支持等帮助村民转变生产方式。慢慢地，越来越多的大棚换上了降解膜、土壤用起了有机肥。
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the export of raspberries was affected to some extent. After analyzing the market, Martin adjusted the production in the base in time and turned to focus on blueberry seedlings.
新冠肺炎疫情防控期间，树莓的出口受到一些影响，经过对市场的分析，马丁及时调整了基地生产方向，转为以蓝莓育苗为主。
Martin is planting roses in the yard. By Liu Kaida
马丁在院子里种植玫瑰。刘凯达摄
Walking through the rolling blueberry seedlings, Martin squatted down from time to time to check the growth of the seedlings. “Our blueberry seedlings are mainly for the winter market.” Martin pointed to the map of Yunnan on the wall and circled the green part in the south of Yunnan, “Our potential clients are right here.”
穿行在连片的蓝莓育苗车间，马丁时不时蹲下身检查苗木生长情况。“我们的蓝莓苗木，主要瞄准的是冬季市场。”马丁指着墙上的云南地图，用手一圈滇南连片的绿色，“这些地方，都有我们潜在的客户。”
According to data from the Yunnan Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yunnan has become the core production area for domestic berry cultivation in recent years. In 2020, the blueberry planting area in Yunnan Province registered 101,200 mu, accounting for 9.5% of the total in the country. And its production hit 35,000 tons, accounting for 17.5% of the national total.
云南省农业农村厅的数据显示，近年来，云南已成为国内浆果种植的核心产区。2020年，云南省蓝莓种植面积为10.12万亩，占全国蓝莓种植区域的9.5%，产量则达到3.5万吨，占全国的17.5%。
Since its establishment, Martin’s Yunnan Meiming Agricultural Co., Ltd. has seen an increase in performance year by year. Last year, he applied for patent protection for six blueberry seedling varieties he cultivated, including Malibu122, which attracted many cooperating merchants. Now, the planting area of his partners has exceeded 6,000 mu. “Growing berries is not just a job, it’s a career.”
马丁的云南美鸣农业有限公司自成立以来，业绩逐年上升。去年，他将自己培育出的玛丽布122等6种蓝莓苗木品种申请了专利保护，吸引了不少大商户与他合作，如今合作商的种植面积已经超过6000亩。“种植浆果不仅是份工作，更是事业。”
“The quality of berries depends not only on sound climatic conditions, but also on scientific management.” During the planting process, Martin attaches great importance to environmental protection and safety. Fearing that the pesticides would harm the pollinating bumblebees or leave residues, he tested all the pesticides he bought before using them. Songyang Sub-district also checks the cold storage as well as pesticide and seed stores within its jurisdiction quarterly, to ensure that farmers can buy reliable agricultural materials. In addition, the local authority has made continuous efforts to enhance water environment management, and replanted rice crops successively on both sides of the river to improve water quality through natural purification. In addition, the government also conducts regular tests on soil and farmland irrigation water to guarantee the soil and water quality.
“好的浆果不仅依靠良好的气候条件，也离不开科学的管理。”在种植过程中，马丁非常关心环保和安全问题。由于担心农药会伤到授粉的熊蜂或者出现残留，他将所有购买来的农药都一一检测后才会使用。嵩阳街道每个季度也会对辖区内的冷库和农药、种子经营店进行排查，确保农户能买到放心的农用物资。此外，当地持续推进水环境治理，河道两岸陆续改种了稻田，通过自然净化以提升水质。政府还对土壤、农田灌溉用水等定期进行检测，确保土壤和水质安全达标。
Martin is checking the growth of blueberry seedlings. By Liu Kaida
马丁检查蓝莓苗生长情况。刘凯达摄
In Longyuan Village, when the villagers meet Martin, they all greeted him, Ma Laoban!
走在龙院村，来往遇到的村民看到马丁时，都亲切地打着招呼：“马老板！”
Over 30 workers are working in Martin’s berry base, and are all villagers who live nearby. When the base began to prosper, they came to apply for jobs. To train the farmers, Martin called a meeting and explained on the spot from time to time. Soon, the villagers could not only identify the ripeness of the fruit, but also quickly completed picking and packaging. “They’re almost berry picking experts now,” said Martin happily.
在马丁浆果基地工作的30多名工人都是附近的村民，大家看见基地建得有模有样，便前来应聘。为了让菜农出身的村民尽快上手，马丁会不时地把大家聚在一起现场讲解。很快，村民们不仅能辨识果子成熟度，还能快速完成采摘、包装等工作。“他们现在也都算半个莓果采摘专家了。”马丁高兴地说。
In the past ten years, led by the local party committee and government, Longyuan Village has been forging characteristic industries while developing the planting industry. Striving to meet the goal of “one village, one characteristic product”, it has been enhancing support for potential enterprises and products to drive the development of the local economy.
过去十几年来，在当地党委、政府的带动下，龙院村在发展种植业的同时，挖掘和打造特色产业，努力实现“一村一品”，对有潜力的企业、产品加强帮扶，带动当地经济发展。
Martin's office was pasted with a map of beneficial insects. By Liu Kaida
马丁的办公室里贴着益虫图谱。刘凯达摄
With the development of the industry, people’s lives are getting better and better. “In the past, many people in the village lived in earthen houses, and they came to work on foot. Now, most people have built small buildings and drive cars. I’m glad to witness the changes in the village.” Martin said.
产业发展起来，大家的生活也越来越好。“以前村里许多人家住的是土房子，村民走着来上班。现在大多数人家都盖起了小楼，开上了汽车。我很高兴成为村庄变迁的见证者。”马丁说。
In his spare time, Martin loves cycling. Every week, he rides with his friends in the surrounding mountains and forests. He loves the mountains, trees, greenery, and vitality here. His wife and three children, who live in Kunming, like to come to the base on weekends. The children like to pick fruit and play with mud here.
工作之外，马丁爱骑自行车。村子周围是大片的自然山林，每周他都会约上朋友一起骑行，他喜欢这里的山、这里的树、这里的绿色，还有这里的生机勃勃。妻子和3个孩子平常在昆明市生活，周末时也喜欢来到浆果基地，孩子们喜欢在这里采果子、玩泥巴。
Before the interview came to an end, Martin picked a few blueberries and invited the journalist to taste. Sweet fruity aroma with a slightly sour taste bloomed on the tip of the tongue. “It’s still a little sour, isn’t it? Take your time. It will be sweeter after a while!”
采访结束之前，马丁摘了几颗蓝莓让记者品尝，清甜的果香带着微微的酸味在舌尖绽放。“有点酸对吗？别着急，再过一段时间它们会更甜！”
Martin likes to do carpentry in his spare time.
By Liu Kaida
马丁业余时间喜欢做木工活。刘凯达摄
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