JPE 新文 | 研究接近度和生产率：来自农业的长期证据

摘要简单翻译：

我们利用十九世纪晚期在美国各地已有的土地赠款学院建立农业试验站来估计接近研究对生产率增长的重要性。 我们的分析显示，与新开设的永久性试验站的接近度会影响土地生产力约20年，然后逐渐下降，直到今天大部分消失为止。 我们的结论是，空间摩擦（spatial frictions）大大降低了十九世纪末和二十世纪初公共研究支出的回报率，但随着推广计划、汽车和电话使发明更容易到达更远的农场，这种摩擦大大减少。

Abstract

We use the late nineteenth-century establishment of agricultural experiment stations at preexisting land-grant colleges across the United States to estimate the importance of proximity to research for productivity growth. Our analysis reveals that proximity to newly opened permanent stations affected land productivity for about 20 years and then subsequently declined until becoming largely absent today. We conclude that spatial frictions substantially reduced the rate of return to public research spending in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, but such frictions significantly diminished as extension programs, automobiles, and telephones made it easier for discoveries to reach farther farms.

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出处：Shawn Kantor and Alexander Whalley, "Research Proximity and Productivity: Long-Term Evidence from Agriculture," Journal of Political Economy, Accepted, 

https://doi.org/10.1086/701035 

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