张晓恒、于晓华、田旭 等：中国的农场规模，低效率和大米生产成本【转】

Zhang, Xiaoheng, Xiaohua Yu, Xu Tian, Xianhui Geng, and Yingheng Zhou. "Farm size, inefficiency, and rice production cost in China." Journal of Productivity Analysis (2019) 52: 57–68

摘要简单翻译：

几十年来，农场规模与生产成本（特别是效率低下的成本）之间的关系一直是争论不休的话题，但尚未得出任何一般性结论。在快速的结构变化过程中，这一主题对中国的农业政策具有特别重要的意义。我们使用主系统方法将生产成本分解为前沿成本，技术效率低下成本和分配效率低下成本，并且证明随着农场规模的增加，技术效率低下的成本会增加，但配置效率低下的成本会降低。此外，大型农场由于分配效率低下的成本较低而获得了总体成本优势。我们还发现，高于所有农场成本的最低购买价格会阻碍规模的扩大并掩盖中国的竞争力。此外，效率低下的决定因素意味着特定地区的市场不完善对于分配效率低下的成本具有相当大的解释力。

Abstract

The relationship between farm size and production cost, especially inefficiency cost, has been a hotly debated topic for decades, but no general conclusion has been reached. This subject has particularly important implications for agricultural policies in China, which is in the course of rapid structural change. We decompose the production cost into frontier cost, technical inefficiency cost and allocative inefficiency cost with a primal system approach, and we demonstrate that technical inefficiency cost increases but allocative inefficiency cost decreases as farm size increases. In addition, large-scale farms gain the overall cost advantage due to their lower allocative inefficiency cost. We also find that a minimum purchase price higher than all farm costs impedes the enhancement of scale and masks the competitiveness of China. Moreover, the determinants of inefficiency costs imply that region-specific market imperfection holds a considerable explanatory power for the allocative inefficiency costs.

http://doi.org/10.1007/s11123-019-00557-6

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