《Food Policy》2022年第108卷目录及摘要
全文链接：
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/food-policy/vol/108/suppl/C
Viewpoint
The trans-Atlantic conflict over “green” farming
Robert Paarlberg
Research Articles
Does global value chain participation and positioning in the agriculture and food sectors affect economic performance? A global assessment
Pierluigi Montalbano, Silvia Nenci
Price, information and product quality: Explaining index insurance demand in Burkina Faso
Quentin Stoeffler, Gülce Opuz
Landscape heterogeneity, basis risk and the feasibility of index insurance: An analysis of rice in upland regions of Southeast Asia
Roberta Rigo, Paulo Santos, Vito Frontuto
Insurance subsidies, climate change, and innovation: Implications for crop yield resiliency
Anna Chemeris, Yong Liu, Alan P. Ker
The future of surplus food redistribution in the UK: Reimagining a ‘win-win’ scenario
Effie Papargyropoulou, Kate Fearnyough, Charlotte Spring, Lucy Antal
WHO and for how long? An empirical analysis of the consumers’ response to red meat warning
Vincenzo Carrieri, Francesco Principe
Consumer-related antecedents of food provisioning behaviors that promote food waste
Violeta Stancu, Liisa Lähteenmäki
Regional and plant-size impacts of COVID-19 on beef processing
Justin D. Bina, Glynn T. Tonsor, Lee L. Schulz, William F. Hahn
The role of quality characteristics in pricing hard red winter wheat
Shane Roberts, Kathleen Brooks, Lia Nogueira, Cory G. Walters
The trans-Atlantic conflict over “green” farming
Robert Paarlberg
Abstract：With its new Farm to Fork (F2F) strategy, the EU plans to expand organic farming, an approach that rules out both synthetic chemicals and modern biotechnology, and it intends to use trade and assistance policies to pursue this strategy not just at home but also through Green Alliances abroad. The United States, by contrast, is emphasizing agricultural innovations based on the latest science—including gene-editing—and is now organizing with other countries a Coalition for Productivity Growth as a counter to European influence. Environmentalists in Europe believe their new vision is “green,” but on closer inspection it is not. If organic farming scaled up to replace 25 percent of conventional farming in Europe, much more land would have to be converted to food production, with damaging results for wildlife habitat and the climate. In its earlier rejection of GMOs, Europe caused environmental harm by foregoing options to cut insecticide use and adopt no-till practices. Europe’s regulatory example also discouraged the adoption of GMO food crops around the world. Europe is now inviting similar harms by classifying and regulating gene-edited crops as GMOs, but this most recent aversion to agricultural science is less likely to enjoy global influence.
Does global value chain participation and positioning in the agriculture and food sectors affect economic performance? A global assessment
Pierluigi Montalbano Silvia Nenci
Abstract：The availability of aggregate data on trade in value added provides an unprecedented opportunity to carry out a global empirical assessment of the geography of global value chains (GVCs) in the agriculture and food sectors and their relative economic importance for the “Global South”. To study GVCs worldwide, we use the broad sample of 189 countries for the period 1995–2015 in the multi-region input-output EORA database in which all continents and income-levels are more properly represented. Specifically, we compute GVC participation and positioning indicators for agriculture and food sectors to test their effects on changes in agriculture value added per worker. To this end, we apply a macro version of the reduced form of the standard constant returns to scale Cobb-Douglas production function with labour, land, capital, augmented with GVC indicators. Results show that changes in GVC participation are, on average and ceteris paribus, positively associated with changes in agriculture value added per worker, net to time-invariant confounders. In contrast, upstream positioning is found to be negatively associated with agriculture value added, on average and ceteris paribus. The presence of heterogeneity by geographical location confirms that a general universal relationship does not exist. These outcomes provide valuable empirical-based insights for policymaking.
Price, information and product quality: Explaining index insurance demand in Burkina Faso
Quentin Stoeffler Gülce Opuz
Abstract：Index insurance is a promising avenue for addressing risk in developing countries, but pilot index insurance projects are rarely scaled-up because demand remains disappointingly low. This article studies an area-yield insurance product which generated high demand and sales in Burkina Faso, and was subsequently scaled up nationally. We exploit experimental and quasi-experimental variations to measure and compare the effect of price, information, and product quality on insurance demand. Our results suggest that price has an important effect on demand, while information also plays a role. However, the quasi-experimental variation in product quality across farmer groups does not affect insurance take-up. Demand is much lower during the scale-up, suggesting that implementation efforts during the pilot also matter. These findings show that high quality index insurance products can be attractive for farmers, but that price for value, along with other factors, remain major barriers to adoption. Our results also suggest that small-scale farmers may not fully understand the complex financial instruments offered to them commercially, with implications for the use of index insurance as a policy option to foster resilience.
Landscape heterogeneity, basis risk and the feasibility of index insurance: An analysis of rice in upland regions of Southeast Asia
Roberta Rigo Paulo Santos Vito Frontuto
Abstract：Despite its promise, the adoption of index insurance has been hindered by the extent of basis risk, the additional variability introduced by its reliance on a signal correlated with losses rather than losses themselves. We examine the feasibility of substantially reducing basis risk by accounting for heterogeneity in production conditions via clustering data into more homogeneous groups. We exemplify this approach using data from a sample of rice producers in northern Laos, using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data as the index on which the contract is defined. Our results show that accounting for landscape heterogeneity substantially improves the insurance contracts that can be offered to rice producers.
Insurance subsidies, climate change, and innovation: Implications for crop yield resiliency
Anna Chemeris Yong Liu Alan P. Ker
Abstract：Innovation in the agricultural sector will determine our ability to reduce food insecurity and feed nine billion people by 2050. Concomitantly, most of the world’s agricultural crop production is produced under heavily subsidized insurance. Changes in food security will be largely driven by the nexus of innovation, climate change, and the policy institutions under which production agriculture operates. Subsidized insurance tends to be the policy choice in most developed countries. In the United States, crop insurance subsidies increased from 30% to 60% between 1994 and 2000, bringing about a significant increase in program participation. We use this increase as a natural experiment to empirically estimate the impact of insurance subsidies on rates of technological change and measures of yield resiliency in corn (maize) yields. Our study results indicate that, after accounting for the introduction of GM seeds and changing climate, subsidies caused a decrease in various yield resiliency measures.
The future of surplus food redistribution in the UK: Reimagining a ‘win-win’ scenario
Effie Papargyropoulou Kate Fearnyough Charlotte Spring Lucy Antal
Abstract：Surplus food redistribution (SFR) is hailed as a ‘win-win’ strategy to address both household food insecurity and food waste. However, SFR is condemned as being a ‘band-aid’ solution that addresses neither the fundamental socio-economic causes of poverty, nor the systematic roots of food waste. This research aims to set an agenda for the future of SFR in the UK for the next five to 10 years, including policy interventions required to achieve this future. To this end, it critically examines the motivations, challenges and perspectives on SFR in the UK, explores the ideal future scenario of SFR (by reimagining the ‘win-win’ scenario), and identifies intervention pathways leading to this future. It achieves this through a participatory, mixed methods research design of 17 interviews, explorative scenario building and normative back casting exercises with 40 relevant SFR stakeholders across the private, public and third sectors. It concludes that SFR paradoxically reinforces the same problems it attempts to solve. The future of SFR lies in truly sustainable food systems that meet the needs of the people and deliver socio-economic benefits whilst respecting planetary boundaries. In this future, SFR is no longer required as a solution for food waste or household food insecurity. Finally, the study identifies five pathways leading to this future: i) rejecting the SFR ‘win-win’ narrative ii) tackling systematic food overproduction iii) eradicating poverty iv) balancing uneven power distribution amongst food systems actors, and v) delivering food security within planetary boundaries. The proposed interventions are relevant to food and waste policies, and offer insights to transition pathways for sustainable food and other socio-technical systems.
WHO and for how long? An empirical analysis of the consumers’ response to red meat warning
Vincenzo Carrieri Francesco Principe
Abstract：Do health warnings change consumer behaviour? And for how long? We address these questions by studying the effects of the 2015 WHO’s warning about the carcinogenic effect of red meat consumption. We use high-frequency data and implement a difference-in-difference-in-differences model which exploits the seasonality in red meat consumption and the heterogeneity in household’s internet availability due to historical infrastructure as a measure of intensity of exposure to the warning. We find generally short-lived effects and more pronounced in less processed meats contrary to the contents of the warning. Households with higher levels of education correctly reduced red meat consumption and over a longer period. Our findings suggest that the design of health warnings should account for such heterogeneity in the consumers’ response.
Consumer-related antecedents of food provisioning behaviors that promote food waste
Violeta Stancu Liisa Lähteenmäki
Abstract：Household food waste has serious negative consequences for the environment and the society. Food waste results from food provisioning behaviors, however, there is little evidence regarding consumer-related factors that drive such behaviors. The aim was to investigate the antecedents of key food provisioning behaviors related to food waste and of motivation to reduce food waste. A cross-sectional online survey (N = 508) conducted in Denmark showed that excessive buying and discarding foods past the best before date were mainly driven by individual tendencies such as impulsive buying tendency or disgust sensitivity. Consumers’ frugal, environmental and hedonic self-identities were associated with higher motivation to reduce food waste, whereas the first two identities were also associated with lower likelihood of discarding food past the best before date. Consumers’ frugal self-identity and disgust sensitivity were directly associated negatively, respectively positively, with self-reported food waste as well. Excessive buying and motivation to reduce food waste were the most important proximal drivers of self-reported food waste. Implications for public policy are discussed.
Regional and plant-size impacts of COVID-19 on beef processing
Justin D. Bina Glynn T. Tonsor Lee L. Schulz William F. Hahn
Abstract：During the COVID-19 pandemic, U.S. consumers witnessed changes in the volume and type of meat products available at retail and food service markets. Simultaneously, widening farm-to-wholesale price spreads fueled calls for industry change and several related policy proposals. The objective of this study is to document fed cattle slaughter and evaluate the structure and performance of the beef processing industry during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. For major beef-producing regions, the 2019–2020 change in federally inspected U.S. cattle slaughter volumes varied in isolated instances with regional reliance on larger processing facilities. Implications of this are discussed both for current policy and industry discussions, as well as to encourage additional future research.
The role of quality characteristics in pricing hard red winter wheat
Shane Roberts Kathleen Brooks Lia Nogueira Cory G. Walters
Abstract：This study empirically examines the role of conventional and end-use wheat quality characteristics as well as transportation costs on the pricing of U.S. hard red winter wheat (HRWW) utilizing a hedonic price analysis framework, detailed quality characteristic data as well as location matched price data. We find evidence that multiple conventional quality characteristics and multiple end-use quality characteristics (milling and baking) have a statistically significant and economically important effect on the price of U.S. HRWW. This evidence suggests that, although U.S. HRWW producers are not directly paid premiums or discounts for end-use quality characteristics, they can be paid indirectly through regional HRWW prices. We also evaluate the role of information about conventional and end-use quality characteristics on price as harvest progresses. Results suggest that as harvest progresses, prices are updated to reflect changes in wheat quality. Results suggest revisions to U.S. policy on standard grade factors to improve transparency between characteristics farmers are paid for on grade sheets and characteristics millers and bakers value.
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