2018谷歌学术指标出炉，影响因子何去何从？

慧天地 2020-09-16

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2018年8月3日，谷歌学术发表了2018年最新的学术期刊和会议影响力排名。其结果更广泛、客观、准确，这会不会进一步影响学术期刊的评价体系？知社学术圈做出对比与分析，后文附谷歌学术排名前20的各学科期刊列表，谨供各位参考。

谷歌学术从2004年年底推出，广受好评，影响力也日益增大。相对流传较广的Web of Science相比，谷歌学术有不少优点。一方面它可以免费检索，而且涵盖范围远大于Web of Science。据估计，截止至2014年5月，谷歌学术共收集1亿6千万篇学术文献，几乎是Web of Science的三倍。其学术指标 (Google Scholar Metric) 在推出后，也开始冲击影响因子的地位。

Google学术计量中，读者可以浏览100中期刊和会议等出版物的信息，其排序和分类指标是依据五年h指数和h中位数。其中，针对出版物（期刊）h指数为：

1. h指数：出版物发表发表的 h 篇文章每篇至少都被引用过 h 次的最大值；

2. h核心：出版物最高被引的h篇文章；

3. h5 指数是指在2007年到2011年整整 5 年中所发表文章的 h 指数

4. h5中位数：指出版物的 h5 指数所涵盖的所有文章获得的引用次数的中位值。

Google仅计算出版物最近5年内发表文章的上述值，即h5指数、h5核心和h5中位数。目前的排名依据是2007-2011发表文章（五年整），被引数据以2012.9.15为准。

Google给出了英、汉、萄、德、西、法、韩、日、荷、意10种语言期刊h指数前100的排名，h中位数用于相同h指数期刊的辅助排序。

谷歌学术指标基于所谓的h5因子 (H-index)，即某一出版物在过去5年发表的文章之中，至少有h5篇文章每篇引用不低于h5次。例如排名最高的Nature，在2012年至2016年h5因子为366，表明这一期间Nature共有366篇文章引用数不低于366次。此外，谷歌学术指标还统计h5中位数，也就是进入h5因子的所有文章的引用中位数。例如Nature的h5中位数 (H-median) 为563次，显示其进入h5因子统计的366篇文章中，排名第183位的文章引用数为563次。

和影响因子相比，谷歌学术指标的优越性是显而易见的。首先，与影响因子只基于过去两年数据不同，谷歌学术指标统计过去五年的数据，因而更加体现一个出版物的持久影响力，而不仅仅是当前的热度。更为重要的是，谷歌学术指标采用h5因子进行评价，显示的是出版物综合整体实力，而不会像影响因子那样很容易受一篇高引用文章所扭曲。一个最好的例子就是近年影响因子排名第一的CA - A Cancer Journal for Clinicians，在谷歌学术指标中始终在前100名以外。与此相关的是，谷歌学术指标能够更为准确的体现一个出版物的实际影响。简而言之，两个出版物发表文章数量不同，但影响因子接近，显然发表数量多的影响力更广。这种差别在影响因子上看不出来，而在谷歌学术指标上则很容易体现。一个例子就是Nanoscale和Nano Research，两者都是国人主导的纳米领域杂志，短短几年都取得非常优异的成绩，影响因子都达到了7、8左右。但Nanoscale发表文章更多，因此进入了工程和计算机科学的前20名。

h因子评价体系最初由UCSD物理学家Jorge Hirsch提出，用于评价一个学者的影响力。目前通常基于两个数据库进行统计，一个是Web of Science，另一个就是谷歌学术。越来越多的学者开始采用谷歌学术进行统计，因其更为广泛的代表性。这一趋势预计在谷歌学术指标和影响因子的竞争中也会延续。

其相关排名包括综合排名以及分类排名。分类排名包括：商业/经管、化学/材料科学、工程/计算机科学、健康/医学、人文/艺术、生命/地球科学、物理/数学、社会科学。

下面请看2018年最新谷歌学术指标清单。

总体排名 (前100名)

Rank	Publication	h5-l	h5-M
1	Nature	362	542
2	The New England Journal of Medicine	358	602
3	Science	345	497
4	The Lancet	278	417
5	Chemical Society reviews	256	366
6	Cell	244	366
7	Nature Communications	240	318
8	Chemical Reviews	239	373
9	Journal of the American Chemical Society	236	309
10	Advanced Materials	235	336
11	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences	226	291
12	Angewandte Chemie International Edition	213	295
13	JAMA	209	309
14	Nucleic Acids Research	208	392
15	ACS Nano	199	279
16	Physical Review Letters	197	286
17	Energy and Environmental Science	196	330
18	Journal of Clinical Oncology	196	279
19	Nano Letters	194	281
20	IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR	188	302
21	Nature Genetics	187	277
22	Journal of the American College of Cardiology	180	268
23	PLoS ONE	180	229
24	The Lancet Oncology	179	283
25	Nature Materials	178	314
26	Nature Medicine	168	266
27	Circulation	166	251
28	Accounts of Chemical Research	165	236
29	The Astrophysical Journal	163	222
30	Journal of High Energy Physics	161	226
31	Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews	161	216
32	Nature Nanotechnology	160	272
33	Nature Biotechnology	158	307
34	Nature Photonics	157	264
35	Nature Methods	156	260
36	BMJ	154	214
37	Blood	153	205
38	Journal of Materials Chemistry. A	153	200
39	Scientific Reports	151	203
40	European Heart Journal	149	219
41	Neuron	149	211
42	The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews	148	210
43	Gastroenterology	147	210
44	Nature Neuroscience	146	210
45	Advanced Functional Materials	146	203
46	Physical Review D	145	202
47	American Economic Review	141	226
48	Immunity	141	218
49	The Journal of Clinical Investigation	139	185
50	Nanoscale	139	181
51	ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces	137	172
52	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society	135	181
53	Nature Reviews Immunology	134	251
54	Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS)	134	221
55	Science Translational Medicine	133	178
56	Nature Reviews Genetics	132	256
57	Nature Reviews Cancer	131	223
58	Cell Stem Cell	131	180
59	Molecular Cell	131	180
60	Cancer Research	131	170
61	Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)	131	167
62	Nature Climate Change	130	194
63	Physical Review B	130	168
64	Diabetes Care	129	185
65	Advanced Energy Materials	128	187
66	Hepatology	128	166
67	Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology	127	227
68	Annals of Internal Medicine	127	216
69	Nature Immunology	127	181
70	Nature Physics	127	179
71	Cell Metabolism	127	176
72	IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics	127	173
73	IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics	127	168
74	IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials	126	221
75	The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters	126	185
76	The Lancet Neurology	125	192
77	Environmental Science & Technology	125	165
78	IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision	124	204
79	Chemistry of Materials	124	170
80	Gut	124	168
81	'Nature Reviews Neuroscience"	123	200
82	European Urology	122	190
83	Annals of Oncology	122	185
84	Nature Chemistry	122	181
85	Biomaterials	122	149
86	Clinical Cancer Research	121	165
87	NeuroImage	120	164
88	IEEE Communications Magazine	119	211
89	Cancer Cell	119	204
90	Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases	119	170
91	Applied Energy	119	156
92	IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence	118	210
93	Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology	118	158
94	Pediatrics	117	163
95	Journal of Cleaner Production	117	160
96	ACS Catalysis	117	158
97	Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery	116	228
98	Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey	116	224
99	Circulation Research	116	177
100	Journal of Hepatology	116	155

化学与材料科学

Rank	Publication	h5-l	h5-M
1	Chemical Society reviews	256	366
2	Chemical Reviews	239	373
3	Journal of the American Chemical Society	236	309
4	Advanced Materials	235	336
5	Angewandte Chemie International Edition	213	295
6	ACS Nano	199	279
7	Energy and Environmental Science	196	330
8	Nano Letters	194	281
9	Nature Materials	178	314
10	Accounts of Chemical Research	165	236
11	Nature Nanotechnology	160	272
12	Journal of Materials Chemistry. A	153	200
13	Advanced Functional Materials	146	203
14	Nanoscale	139	181
15	ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces	137	172
16	Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)	131	167
17	Advanced Energy Materials	128	187
18	The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters	126	185
19	Chemistry of Materials	124	170
20	Nature Chemistry	122	181

工程与计算机科学

Rank	Publication	h5-l	h5-M
1	Advanced Materials	235	336
2	ACS Nano	199	279
3	Energy and Environmental Science	196	330
4	Nano Letters	194	281
5	IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR	188	302
6	Nature Materials	178	314
7	Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews	161	216
8	Nature Nanotechnology	160	272
9	Nature Photonics	157	264
10	Journal of Materials Chemistry. A	153	200
11	Advanced Functional Materials	146	203
12	Nanoscale	139	181
13	ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces	137	172
14	Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS)	134	221
15	Advanced Energy Materials	128	187
16	IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics	127	173
17	IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics	127	168
18	IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials	126	221
19	IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision	124	204
20	Chemistry of Materials	124	170

物理与数学

Rank	Publication	h5-l	h5-M
1	Physical Review Letters	197	286
2	The Astrophysical Journal	163	222
3	Journal of High Energy Physics	161	226
4	Nature Photonics	157	264
5	Physical Review D	145	202
6	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society	135	181
7	Physical Review B	130	168
8	Nature Physics	127	179
9	Physics Letters B	116	149
10	Astronomy & Astrophysics	115	163
11	The European Physical Journal C	107	228
12	Applied Physics Letters	103	131
13	Optics Express	103	129
14	Reviews of Modern Physics	97	213
15	IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control	91	130
16	Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics	91	126
17	Physical Review X	89	123
18	Journal of Geophysical Research	89	121
19	IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing	88	128
20	Geophysical Research Letters	87	116

生命与地球科学

Rank	Publication	h5-l	h5-M
1	Nature	362	542
2	Science	345	497
3	Cell	244	366
4	Nature Communications	240	318
5	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences	226	291
6	Nucleic Acids Research	208	392
7	Nature Genetics	187	277
8	PLoS ONE	180	229
9	Nature Biotechnology	158	307
10	Nature Methods	156	260
11	Scientific Reports	151	203
12	Neuron	149	211
13	Nature Reviews Genetics	132	256
14	Cell Stem Cell	131	180
15	Molecular Cell	131	180
16	Nature Climate Change	130	194
17	Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology	127	227
18	Cell Metabolism	127	176
19	Environmental Science & Technology	125	165
20	Nature Cell Biology	115	164

健康与医学

Rank	Publication	h5-l	h5-M
1	The New England Journal of Medicine	358	602
2	The Lancet	278	417
3	Cell	244	366
4	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences	226	291
5	JAMA	209	309
6	Journal of Clinical Oncology	196	279
7	Nature Genetics	187	277
8	Journal of the American College of Cardiology	180	268
9	PLoS ONE	180	229
10	The Lancet Oncology	179	283
11	Nature Medicine	168	266
12	Circulation	166	251
13	BMJ	154	214
14	Blood	153	205
15	European Heart Journal	149	219
16	Neuron	149	211
17	The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews	148	210
18	Gastroenterology	147	210
19	Nature Neuroscience	146	210
20	Immunity	141	218

商业、经济和管理

Rank	Publication	h5-l	h5-M
1	American Economic Review	141	226
2	Journal of Financial Economics	115	192
3	The Journal of Finance	109	189
4	The Quarterly Journal of Economics	94	191
5	Journal of Business Research	94	129
6	The Review of Financial Studies	92	163
7	Journal of Business Ethics	90	124
8	Journal of Management	88	154
9	Tourism Management	85	135
10	Academy of Management Journal	84	124
11	Management Science	83	129
12	Strategic Management Journal	83	122
13	Management Information Systems Quarterly	79	148
14	International Journal of Production Economics	79	120
15	Journal of Banking & Finance	78	111
16	Econometrica	77	143
17	Review of Economics and Statistics	76	121
18	World Development	76	104
19	Journal of Economic Perspectives	75	147
20	The Review of Economic Studies	75	115

人文、文学和艺术

Rank	Publication	h5-l	h5-M
1	Journal of Communication	49	70
2	Digital Journalism	42	60
3	International Journal of Communication	38	62
4	Language Learning	38	61
5	Applied Linguistics	38	57
6	Philosophical Studies	38	47
7	Journalism	37	65
8	The Modern Language Journal	36	54
9	Synthese	36	50
10	TESOL Quarterly	36	48
11	Journalism Studies	35	54
12	Journal of Pragmatics	35	51
13	System	35	45
14	Journalism Practice	34	55
15	Gender & Society	32	57
16	Noûs	32	55
17	Public Opinion Quarterly	32	45
18	Media, Culture & Society	32	44
19	The China Quarterly	31	45
20	Lingua	31	40

社会科学

Rank	Publication	h5-l	h5-M
1	Computers & Education	91	152
2	Journal of Business Ethics	90	124
3	Global Environmental Change	88	127
4	American Journal of Public Health	86	119
5	Research Policy	84	128
6	Health Affairs	80	117
7	Social Science & Medicine	75	91
8	American Journal of Political Science	68	114
9	Academic Medicine	64	93
10	New Media & Society	63	104
11	Journal of Educational Psychology	61	101
12	Progress in Human Geography	60	84
13	American Political Science Review	59	94
14	Annals of Tourism Research	59	90
15	Government Information Quarterly	59	84
16	Land Use Policy	59	77
17	American Sociological Review	58	87
18	Journal of Youth and Adolescence	58	78
19	Teaching and Teacher Education	57	88
20	Regional Studies	57	82