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*【慢速听力: 343探索】 “Hide/Seek” Exhibit at National Portrait...

The following article is from 红渡中学22班 Author littleflute


“Hide/Seek” Exhibit at National Portrait Gallery Raises Censorship Debate


2010-12-14


Photo: AP
Protesters in support of artist David Wojnarowicz on the steps of the Smithsonian's National Portrait Gallery on December 2

STEVE EMBER: I'm Steve Ember.

BARBARA KLEIN: And I'm Barbara Klein with EXPLORATIONS in VOA Special English. Today we visit two museums housed in one building in Washington, D.C. The Smithsonian American Art Museum recently opened a show on the New York artist Alexis Rockman. His colorful paintings are influenced by an interest in science and a deep concern for environmental issues.

We also discuss the "Hide/Seek" exhibit at the Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery. This show about sexual difference has recently received a great deal of public attention and criticism.

(MUSIC)

STEVE EMBER: The full name of the Smithsonian's exhibit is "Hide/Seek: Difference and Desire in American Portraiture." The exhibit opened October thirtieth. It is the first major exhibit to explore the role that sexual identity has played in modern paintings and photographs of people.

The exhibit is filled with important works by a wide range of artists. Many artworks deal with the subject of homosexuality. Many of the artists are gay men and women. Critics have praised the exhibit's art and its brave subject matter.

BARBARA KLEIN: But members of a Catholic rights organization had a very different reaction to the show. The group voiced its criticism of a video work by New York artist David Wojnarowicz. He was a respected artist who died of AIDS in nineteen ninety-two.

The disputed video is called "A Fire in My Belly." It expresses the artist's view of the suffering and destruction caused by AIDS.

The Catholic League objected to an eleven-second part of the video. It shows insects crawling on a small crucifix representing Christ on the cross. The group said the video was anti-Christian and represented a form of hate speech. The Catholic League has no official or financial connection to the Catholic Church.

Catholic League leader William Donahue brought the issue to the attention of lawmakers. Conservative lawmakers soon began calling on the Smithsonian to close the exhibit. They said tax dollars should not be spent to support such art. One lawmaker threatened to cut the Smithsonian's funding.

About seventy percent of the Smithsonian Institution's budget comes from federal money. But the "Hide/Seek" exhibit was funded entirely with private money.

AP

The video "A Fire in My Belly" is shown in a window of the Transformer Gallery in Washington


STEVE EMBER: On December first, leaders of the Smithsonian ordered that the video by David Wojnarowicz be removed from the exhibit. Many people criticized the museum for lacking courage and giving in to political pressure.

The Transformer gallery in Washington quickly found a copy of "A Fire in My Belly" and showed the video in its main window so people in the street could view the images.

People demonstrated in front of the National Portrait Gallery, holding pictures of the artist, David Wojnarowicz. One protestor said that removing the video was an attack on the American people. He said lawmakers were saying Americans are not smart enough to make their own decisions about what art to see.

BARBARA KLEIN: One member of the Smithsonian's group of advisors resigned from his position in protest. James Bartlett said that museums have the right to make decisions about exhibits, even if some art is considered objectionable by critics. He said he could not be part of an organization that ignores that right.

Washington Post art critic Blake Gopnik also criticized the Smithsonian's decision. He said a great museum is a laboratory where ideas get tested, not a building filled with dead thoughts. And, he said the real reason officials removed the video is because of the exhibit's main subject, gay love.

The Andy Warhol Foundation was a leading financial supporter of the exhibit. On Monday, the foundation demanded the reinstatement of the video or it said it will stop giving money to Smithsonian exhibitions.

The Smithsonian has said that it supports the exhibit. But it says it removed the video because it was taking attention away from the rest of the show.

(MUSIC)

STEVE EMBER: For more than twenty years, artist Alexis Rockman has been exploring environmental issues in his paintings. His works deal with subjects including biology, genetic engineering, pollution and climate change. They aim to raise awareness about the condition of our planet. His detailed paintings are large, shiny and colorful.

BARBARA KLEIN: The Smithsonian American Art Museum exhibit is called "Alexis Rockman: A Fable for Tomorrow." The name of the exhibit comes from the opening of the book "Silent Spring" by Rachel Carson.

This book was published in nineteen sixty-two. It helped raise public awareness of the dangerous use of chemicals to kill insects and the pollution of the environment. Ms. Carson imagines a future America in which all the birds, plants, and fish have died as a result of human activity. Her commentary is based on real facts and possibilities.

The 1988 work "The Balance of Terror" by Alexis Rockman


STEVE EMBER: Alexis Rockman also combines facts with imagination in his work. Some works are extremely realistic and based on observations he makes in nature.

He spends a great deal of time researching the science behind his paintings so that every detail is correct. But many works also include imaginary creatures in environments that seem to come from a science fiction movie.

BARBARA KLEIN: An early work is called "Balance of Terror." It is based on an agricultural display from the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. It shows the inside view of a big green apple. A large mealworm is eating through the center of the apple.

Baby insects are also digging their way through the apple. A Venus flytrap plant is ready to catch a nearby fly. The yellow and green colors give the painting a strange and upsetting mood.

STEVE EMBER: Like many of his early works, this one borrows directly from nature. Rockman often shows nature as defined by a struggle for survival with a never-ending repetition of life and death.

As a child, Alexis Rockman often visited the American Museum of Natural History. Many of the exhibits influenced his work. He was also influenced by American landscape painters of the nineteenth century.

BARBARA KLEIN: You can see these influences in one of the most striking paintings in the exhibit. It is called "Evolution." The huge painting measures nearly two and a half meters in height and over seven meters in length. There are more than two hundred different creatures in this painting, both real and imaginary.

Some are from the ancient past, such as dinosaurs, while others still exist on Earth. There are animals in the sky, on land and in the water. Looking at this painting is like watching an action-filled movie about the animal kingdom.

A detail of the 1992 painting "Evolution" by Alexis Rockman


STEVE EMBER: The forty-seven artworks in the exhibit show how the artist's work has changed over the years. Many of his later works deal with the tensions between nature and humans.

One series of paintings is called "Biosphere." Rockman imagines a terrible future in which plants and animals must be sent into space to protect them from Earth's pollution. For example, "Biosphere: Orchids" shows six white flowers floating all alone in deep space.

BARBARA KLEIN: The painting "Airport" shows a huge jet engine in which a bird has met a violent death. In the background, birds fly around and near other planes, possibly ready to meet a similar end. "The Farm" looks at how genetic engineering has changed agriculture. It shows a field of soybeans, a plant that is commonly genetically modified in the United States.

"The Farm" also shows a hugely fat pig and cow, rectangular shaped vegetables and a chicken with three sets of wings. The painting looks at how science is changing the foods that we produce.

STEVE EMBER: Alexis Rockman has said technology is not the problem. The artist says the problem is corporate America and the effects of globalization. He says the results of using these new technologies are destructive because of the unknowable effects. Rockman says his art is a way to bring attention to America's environmental, economic and political policies and their results.

BARBARA KLEIN: His huge painting "Manifest Destiny" brings to life one possible result. It shows the Brooklyn area of New York City hundreds of years in the future.

The Brooklyn Bridge and other buildings are in ruins, completely underwater. Waste floats in the water. The sky is a poisonous orange color. But nature has not been completely destroyed by humans. Birds and fish still live and survive in this world, although humanity does not.

STEVE EMBER: Alexis Rockman's paintings show great skill and the powerful beauty of the natural world. But they also force visitors to think about the future and consider the importance of the decisions our society makes today.

BARBARA KLEIN: This program was written and produced by Dana Demange. I'm Barbara Klein.

STEVE EMBER: And I'm Steve Ember. Our programs are online with transcripts and MP3 files at 51voa.com. And you can find us on Twitter, Facebook and YouTube at VOA Learning English. Join us again next week for EXPLORATIONS in VOA Special English.



  

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【VOA慢速听力: 176探索】对火山很感兴趣?那么,一个可以四处看看的地方是夏威夷

【VOA慢速听力: 175探索】发现给巨石阵带来了新的曙光,但谜团依然存在

【VOA慢速听力: 174探索】塔斯基吉空军:第一批被训练成战斗机飞行员的非洲裔美国人

【173探索】Eleanor Creesy 帮助导航一艘有史以来建造的最快帆船之一

【172探索】探索木艺的详实历史与艺术

【171探索】欢迎来到死亡谷,一个赢得了它的名字的土地

【170探索】亚利桑那州大峡谷:走出一个真正的世界奇观

【169探索】世界各地自学成才的艺术家创造出强大而不寻常的艺术

【168探索】跳跃:伸展恐惧的极限,只是为了好玩

【167探索】国际妇女节纪念争取平等、正义、和平与发展的斗争

【166探索】胡佛大坝:控制科罗拉多河并向数百万人输送电力

【165探索】与大象对视,在非洲的Safari上观看饥饿的鳄鱼

【164探索】Press Freedom: Is It Alive and Well in the World?

【163探索】新的兴趣有助于老年人保持精神活跃,了解世界

【162探索】Learning at the Smithsonian in Washington, D.C.

【161探索】老年人回到大学学习新事物,重新开始

【160探索】对老年人来说,有很多机会把学习变成一种终生的活动

【159探索】对于55岁以上的人来说,世界是一个通过老年人宿舍的教室

【158探索】跨越时代的珠宝:古代艺术相遇现代之眼

【157探索】From Clay to Art: Exploring the World of Ceramics

[su]【156探索】跨历史、跨世界的版画艺术探索

【155探索】从玛雅金字塔到耶路撒冷老城再到互联网:新的“奇迹”

【154探索】两个多世纪后,莫扎特的音乐依然充满活力

【153探索】埃德温·哈勃改变了我们对宇宙及其诞生的看法

【152探索】在老西部的射手中,他们是最令人生畏的两个

【151探索】美国历史:当枪手统治狂野西部的街道时

【150探索】好好看看:从地面上了解火星

【149探索】犹他州的四个国家公园,在那里你可以找到拱门,巫术和天空中的一个岛

【148探索】利用独立法院和自由媒体打击腐败

【147探索】梦之谜

【146探索】遥远的厄里斯世界是如何在地球上引起巨变的

【145探索】海盗可能在书和电影中很受欢迎,但海盗行为仍然是一个威胁

【144探索】环顾四周,你可以在世界各地的街道上看到这种免费艺术

【143探索】妇女一直是世界各地和整个历史科学领域的领导者

【142探索】Street-Wise: Building Houses That Are Healthier for...

【141探索】Days of Apollo: Collecting Rocks, and Making History...

【140探索】'Houston, We've Had a Problem Here': The Survival of...

【139探索】'That's One Small Step ...': The Story of the First...

【138探索】Spaceflight History: Excitement and Tragedy on Road...

【137探索】1965: Two Gemini Craft Meet in Space, Another Step...

【136探索】'The Greatest Experience': Ed White Goes for the ...

【135探索】1961: Telling Mission Control 'Light This Candle,' ...

【134探索】Project Mercury: Soviet Successes Push U.S. to Build...

【133探索】Klondike Gold Rush: Stories of Riches Waiting to Be...

【132探索】Gold Rush! Thousands of People Traveled to the...

【131探索】 Visiting Seven Man-Made Wonders of the United States

【130探索】Tuskegee Airmen: The First African-Americans Trained...

【129探索】 A Place of Beautiful Extremes: Yosemite National...

【128探索】Above Ground but Under the Sea: Visiting Some...

【127探索】Carl Sagan Helped People Understand Science

【126探索】Mesa Verde National Park in Colorado: Protecting the...

【125探索】 Development Marketplace: Turning Ideas Into Action

【124探索】Venus Express Spacecraft Explores Earth's Mysterious...

【123探索】Forensic Science Is Often Used to Solve Crimes

【122探索】A Sticky Black Hole of Ancient Death, Right in the...

【121探索】Population Growth is Dropping in Industrialized...

【120探索】George Catlin Painted Native American Tribes and Their...

【119探索】George Catlin Became One of the Most Famous Artists in...

【118探索】Mysterious Creatures: Are Bigfoot and the Loch Ness...

【117探索】The Castillo de San Marcos: A Story of Ships, ...

【116探索】A Trip Along the Potomac River, One of America's Most...

【115探索】Wet and Dry, Fire and Ice: Visiting Seven of America's..

【114探索】Women Around the World Continue to Struggle for Their。。。

【113探索】 Providing Health Care for Native Communities in Mexico

【112探索】Styrofoam Stonehenge: A Full-Size Copy in a Search for..

【111探索】Nanotechnology: How the Science of the Very Small Is ...

【110探索】Let the Games Begin: Winter Olympics Start Feb. 10 in...

【109探索】International Consumer Electronics Show Presents ...

【108探索】Sustained Dialogue: Solving Conflicts Among People in...

【107探索】International Sustained Dialogue: Solving Long-Term...

【106探索】Young People Around the World Are Active in Politics

【105探索】The History of English

【104探索】Where Did the English Language Come From?

【103探索】South Street Seaport Museum Offers a Living Link With...

【102探索】The Internet and Its Future

【101探索】The Lewis and Clark Exploration: One of the Most...

【100探索】Opening the American West: Lewis and Clark and the...

【99探索】Lewis and Clark and the Corps of Discovery Map a Nation

【98探索】 Shadow Wolves Find and Arrest People Trying to Bring...

【97探索】Carbon Monoxide Poisoning is a Silent Killer That ...

【96探索】 More Than Half of All Languages in the World Are in...

【95探索】Isaac Newton: One of History's Greatest Scientists

【94探索】America's Interstate Highway System Has Almost 70,000...

【93探索】Mauna Kea in Hawaii: Astronomy on the World's Highest...

【92探索】The National Cryptologic Museum Tells Top Secrets of...

【91探索】In an Age of Modern Science and Medicine, Infectious...

【90探索】Wiley Post: The First Pilot to Fly Around the World Alone

【89探索】World Summit in New York Will Mark 60th Anniversary of...

【88探索】Emperor Penguins Survive in World's Most Extreme Climate

【87探索】Lessons Learned From the Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima...

*【86探索】VOA慢速英语听力Camping in America's National and State Parks

*【85探索】'The Big Muddy' is the longest river in the United States

【84探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 The Story of Longitude

【83探索】South Asia Continues to Recover After December Tsunami

【82探索】Lower East Side Tenement Museum Recreates Life in New ...

【81探索】Igor Sikorsky: Aircraft and Helicopter Designer

【80探索】A Visit to Two National Parks: Mount Rainier in。。。

【79探索】As Long as It Remains Profitable, Child Trafficking Will..

【78探索】One of the World’s Natural Wonders: the Grand Canyon

【77】Four Companies Working for the Common Good Instead of Profit

【76探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 The Story of Radio

【75探索】VOA慢速英语听力 The Guitar: an Instrument for Any Kind of Music

【74探索】Amelia Earhart: She Showed That Women, Too, Could Set...

【73探索】Unusual creatures live on the Galapagos Islands in the...

【72探索】VOA特别英语节目:慢速英语听力Wade Davis: Scientist, Explorer and Writer

【71探索】The Indiana Dunes: Beautiful Sand Hills and Wildlife in..

【70探索】How Robert Goddard Helped Lead America Into Space

【69探索】Around the World, Helping Victims of War and Natural...

【68探索】美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力How the Internet Grew from a Simple Idea

【67探索】The Internet: Linking People in a Way Once Thought...

【66探索】美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Information Age, Part 1

【65探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力SPACE DIGEST

【64探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力The Columbia River

【63探索】美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Albert Einstein

【62探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Space Digest

【61索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力Aviation Hall of Fame

【60探索】特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Satellite Photos of Mayan Ruins

【59探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Cassini-Huygens at Titan

【58探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力The Mississippi

【57探索】特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 The National Museum of Natural History

【56探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力Space Digest

【55探索】特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Puppets Teaching Children Around the World

【54探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力The Year in Space

【53探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Wireless Internet Connection

【52探索】美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 California Missions

【51探索】美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Indian Museum Education Programs

【50探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Appalachian Trail

【49探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力  Ecotourism

【48探索】美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力  Exploring Africa

【47探索】美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力  Erie Canal

【46探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力  Running a Marathon

【45探索】美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力  Children's Press Line

【44探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 National Geographic Worldwide

【43探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力   Mount Saint Helens

【42探索】美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Space Digest

【41探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Computer Software Theft

【40探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力  Robert Edison Fulton, Jr.

【39探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Space Digest

【38探索】 慢速英语听力 Wonders of the World, Part 3, Modern Wonders

【37探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力  Wonders of the World, Part 2

【36探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Wonders of the World, Part 1

【35探索】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力  Jacqueline Cochran

【34】 美国之音特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Yellowstone Volcano

【33】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Space Digest

【32】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Hoover Dam

【31】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力  Yosemite National Park

【30】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Cassini-Huygens at Saturn

【29】 慢速英语听力 San Francisco Maritime National ParkNational Park

【28】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力  North Carolina Lighthouses

【27】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力   Space Digest

【26】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Volcanoes National Park

【25】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力  Rio Grande, Part 2

【24】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力  Rio Grande, Part 1

【23】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 James Doolittle

【22】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力  Dry Tortugas National Par

【21】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Sport Parachuting

【20】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Global Positioning System

【19】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Space Digest

【18】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Doc Holliday and the Old West

【17】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Soaring

【16】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Colorado National Monument

【15】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 The Voyager Airplane

【14】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力  Ford's Theater

【13】 美国之特别英语节目:慢速英语听力 Space Digest

【12】 La Brea Tar Pits

【11】Space Digest

【10】New Communications Technology

【9】The X- 15 Rocketplane

【8】EXPLORATIONS - Mars Exploration, Part 2 - 2004-02-03

【7】EXPLORATIONS  -  Mars Exploration, Part 1 - 2004-01-27

【6】 Who Were the Deadliest Gunmen of the Wild West?

【5】 Famous Outlaws and Gunmen of the Wild West

【4】National Air And Space Museum's Udvar-Hazy Center

【3】Songs About Summer

【2】Music Would Not Be The Same Without the Guitar

【1】On the Shoulders of Giants: Isaac Newton and Modern Science

  

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