打开，关上，关上，打开……
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开灯，开煤气；关火，关电视。turn on，switch off，activate……英语里的“开关”都有哪些说法？
1. to switch something on 打开某物
► switch on ► set off
► turn on ► activate
► put on ► set sth going
► start ► push/press a button
► get sth started/going
► throw a switch
switch on
to make something start working, for example by pressing a button - use this about things that use electricity, for example lights, televisions, or computers 打开〔电灯、电视或电脑等用电的东西〕
switch on sth
Will you switch on the television?
你把电视机打开好吗？
I switched on the radio to listen to the news.
我打开收音机听新闻。
switch sth on
Do you mind if I switch the light on?
我开灯你介意吗？
turn on
to make something start working, for example by turning a tap or pressing a button - use this about things that use electricity, gas, or water 打开，拧开〔电源、煤气、水等〕的开关
turn on sth
He went into the bathroom and turned on the shower.
他走进浴室，打开淋浴器。
turn sth on
Do you want me to turn the lights on?
要我把灯打开吗？
put on
to make a light, radio etc start working
打开〔灯、收音机等〕
put the light/radio/TV/kettle etc on
Eva put the kettle on to make a cup of coffee.
伊娃打开水壶的电源冲咖啡。
It was so cold I put the heating back on.
我冷得把暖气又重新开启。
start / start up
to make a car, engine, machine etc start working
发动，启动〔汽车、引擎、机器等〕
She started the car and backed slowly out of the garage.
她发动汽车，慢慢地从车库里倒车出来。
get sth started/going
get a car/engine/ machine etc started/going
to succeed in making a car etc start after having some difficulty
〔在出问题之后〕把汽车/引擎/机器等发动起来
He rebuilt the engine and finally got it going.
他重新装配了引擎，终于把它发动起来了。
It took the repairman an hour to get the washing machine going.
修理工花了一个小时才把洗衣机重新启动起来。
set off
to do something to make a piece of equipment that warns you about something start 拉响〔警报器〕；使…响起
set off sth
Someone accidentally set off the fire alarm.
有人不小心碰响了火警报警器。
set sth off
The alarm is so sensitive that the slightest movement will set it off.
这个警报器非常敏感，稍有动静便会响起。
activate
to make a system start operating - use this especially in technical contexts
开动，使起动〔尤用于技术方面〕
The firing mechanism is activated by a time-clock.
炸弹的引爆装置由定时器启动。
The smoke activated the sprinkler system.
烟雾启动了喷洒灭火系统。
set sth going
to make a clock, toy, or other machine that does not have a power supply start moving
启动某物〔指钟、玩具以及其他本身没有电力供应的机器〕
Mr Carey wound up the old clock and gently set the pendulum going.
凯里先生给这个旧时钟上好发条，轻轻地拨动钟摆。
She pulled the lever that set the pump going and waited for the water.
她拉了一下启动水泵的控制杆，然后等着水流出来。
push/press a button
to press a button which makes a machine start
按下按钮〔使机器开动〕
What happens when you press this button?
按下这个按钮会怎么样？
Somebody pushed the alarm button.
有人按了警报的按钮。
throw a switch
to pull a large control that switches on the electricity supply to something
扳动开关〔使接上电源〕
The Speaker of the House threw the switch for the Christmas tree lights in front of the Capitol building.
议院议长扳动开关，点亮了国会大楼前圣诞树上的彩灯。
2. to switch something off 关上某物
► switch off ► turn out
► turn off ► shut off/down
► stop ► unplug
► push/press a button ► disconnect
switch off
to make something stop working, for example by pressing a button - use this about things that use electricity, for example, lights, televisions, or computers
关上〔电灯、电视或电脑等用电的东西〕
Always switch off your computer when you’ve finished.
电脑用完之后一定要关掉。
turn off
to make something stop working, for example by pressing a button or turning a tap - use this about things that use electricity, gas, or water
关上，拧上〔电源、煤气或水〕的开关
Would you turn off the heater before you go to bed?
如你上床之前把取暖器关掉好吗？
You forgot to turn the oven off!
你忘记关炉子了！
stop
to make an engine or a machine stop working
关掉〔引擎或机器〕
We had to stop the pump and unblock it.
我们只能把水泵关掉进行疏通。
push/press a button
to press a button that makes a machine stop
按下按钮〔使机器停下〕
If you want it to stop, just press the red button.
如果你想把它停下来，就按下这个红色的按钮。
put out
to switch a light off 关掉〔电灯〕
Could you put the lamp out in the bedroom, please?
请你把卧室的灯关了，好吗？
turn out
to make a light stop working by pressing a button
关掉〔电灯〕
Don’t forget to turn out the lights when you go to bed, okay Anne?
你上床的时候别忘了把灯关掉好吗，安妮？
shut off/down
if you shut off or shut down a machine, you make it stop operating
关掉〔机器〕
The computer automatically shuts off the pump when no water is flowing.
如果没有水在流动，电脑会自动关掉水泵。
unplug
to remove the thing that connects a piece of electrical equipment to the main electricity supply, so that it is no longer connected to it
拔掉…的插头
Did you remember to unplug the kettle?
你记得把电水壶的插头拔了吗？
disconnect
o separate a piece of equipment from the main electricity or gas supply so that it is no longer connected to it 切断…的电源
Once a car has started, the engine would continue to run even if you disconnected the battery.
汽车一旦起动，即使你切断电池的电源，引擎还是会继续运转的。
以上内容摘自《朗文英语写作活用词典》。
本词典指导学习者如何有效地运用词语，通过关键词把表达相同思想、概念或属于同一语义范围的单词和词组编排在一起，帮助学习者增加词汇知识，更有效地运用英语表达思想。
866个关键词，按语义范围列出大量相关词汇；
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