VOA慢速英语：谁可以获取川普的财务记录？
voa美国之音每天一篇，一起学英语，坚持吧~
US High Court: New York Can Get Trump’s Records, Congress Can’t
最高法院裁定纽约可以获取川普的财务记录，但是众议院不行
By Hai Do
09 July 2020
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled Thursday that a New York government lawyer can get President Donald Trump's financial records. The court also blocked the House of Representatives from getting the documents – for now.
美国最高法院裁定，纽约检察官可以获得川普总统的财务记录。该法院还阻止了众议院目前获得这些文件。
Unlike other recent presidents, Trump has not released his financial documents, including tax returns. The forms could provide information on his wealth and the activities of his family company, the Trump Organization.
跟最近的其他几位总统不同，川普没有公布他的财务文件，其中包括纳税申报表。这些表格可以提供关于他的财富信息，以及他的家族企业川普集团的活动。
The court ruling does not guarantee that the public will be able to see the records.
这项法院裁决并不保证公众能够看到这些记录。
Trump is seeking reelection later this year. On Twitter, the president immediately denounced the ruling as "a political prosecution."
川普正在寻求今年晚些时候获得连任。在推特上，川普立即谴责这项裁决是政治迫害。
Trump vs. Vance
川普对万斯
One of the cases the Supreme Court ruled on Thursday was Trump versus Vance. Cyrus R. Vance Jr. is the District Attorney of New York County.
最高法院周四裁定的其中一起案件是川普对万斯案。塞勒斯·万斯是纽约郡的地方检查官。
In that ruling, Chief Justice John Roberts wrote that in the U.S. judicial system, "the public has a right to everyman's evidence." He added, "no citizen, not even the President," could refuse "to produce evidence when called upon in a criminal proceeding."
首席大法官约翰·罗伯茨在这项判决中写道，在美国的司法体系中，公众有权获得所有人的证物。他还表示，“下至百姓，上至总统在刑事诉讼中都不能拒绝出示所要求提供的证物。”
Vance's office started an investigation into Trump and his business in 2018. Vance was looking into reported payments from Trump and his business to two women. The payments were meant to hide the nature of their relationship with Trump. The reported payments took place during the 2016 presidential campaign process.
万斯办公室于2018年开始对川普及其企业展开调查。万斯是在调查川普及其企业向两位女性付款的情况。这些付款是为了掩盖她们与川普的关系本质。所报告的付款发生在2016年总统竞选期间。
The two women, Stormy Daniels and Karen McDougal, said they had sexual relations with Trump. Trump's personal lawyer at the time, Michael Cohen, confirmed the payments but Trump has denied the relationships.
斯托米·丹尼尔斯和凯伦·麦克道格这两名女性声称她们跟川普发生了性关系。川普当时的私人律师迈克尔·科恩确认有这些付款，但是川普否认了这种关系。
As part of a criminal investigation, Vance asked Trump's accounting firm Mazars LLP for financial records, including his tax documents. The documents were to be given to a grand jury in New York City.
作为刑事调查的一部分，万斯要求川普聘请的玛泽斯会计师事务所提供财务记录，包括他的税务文件。这些文件将交给纽约市的大陪审团。
Trump's lawyers argued that under the U.S. Constitution he cannot be subjected to criminal investigation while serving as president. They noted a Justice Department guidance that says a sitting president cannot be indicted or prosecuted.
川普的律师辩称，根据美国宪法，总统任职期间不得受到刑事调查。他们指出，司法部的一项指导方针称不能起诉现任总统。
During a lower court hearing, Trump's lawyer claimed that officials could not investigate Trump even if he shot someone on New York's Fifth Avenue.
在下级法院的一场听证会上，川普的律师声称，即使川普在纽约第五大道上枪杀了某人，官员也无法对其展开调查。
By a 7-2 vote, the Supreme Court ruled that Mazars could be ordered to provide financial records to a grand jury as part of a criminal investigation. Because the grand jury process is secret, Trump's records would not be known to the public.
最高法院以7比2的票数裁定，作为刑事调查的一部分，有关方面可以下令玛泽斯会计师事务所向大陪审团提供财务记录。因为大陪审团程序不公开，因此川普的记录并不会为公众所获知。
Vance, a Democrat, cheered the Supreme Court's ruling. He said, "This is a tremendous victory for our nation's system of justice and its founding principle that no one - not even a president - is above the law."
民主党人万斯为最高法院的裁决欢呼。他说：“这是我国司法体系的一次巨大胜利，其建立原则是，没有任何人可以凌驾于法律之上，即使贵为总统也不行。”
Trump vs. Mazars
川普对玛泽斯会计师事务所
Mazars was also part of the second Supreme Court case. It involved three committees in the Democratic-controlled House of Representatives.
玛泽斯会计师事务所也是最高法院第二起案件的其中一方。该案件涉及了民主党控制的众议院下的三家委员会。
The committees asked Mazars and two bankers, Deutsche Bank and Capital One, to provide financial information from the president, his family and his related businesses.
这些委员会要求玛泽斯会计师事务所，以及德意志银行和第一资本这两家银行提供总统、总统家人及其相关企业的财务信息。
The House committees argued they have the power under the Constitution to issue subpoenas to help it in carrying out legislative responsibilities.
这些众议院委员会认为，根据美国宪法，他们有权发出传票以助其履行立法职责。
The president's lawyers argued that the House's request was not for legislative reasons. They said the aim was to uncover personal information on the president and his family. And they questioned whether the subpoenas were outside the House's Constitutional powers.
川普的律师辩称，众议院的要求并非出于立法原因。他们表示，这样做的目的是揭露总统及其家人的个人信息。他们质疑这张传票是否超出了众议院的宪法权力。
By the same 7-2 vote, the court chose not to rule on the House's subpoena powers. That sends the dispute over Trump's financial information back to lower courts.
同样是7对2票，法院裁定不支持众议院的传票权。这将有关川普财务信息的争端打回了下级法院。
Writing for the majority, Chief Justice Roberts wrote, "Congressional subpoenas for the President's personal information implicate weighty concerns regarding the separation of powers. Neither side, however, identifies an approach that accounts for these concerns."
首席法官罗伯茨为多数派写道：“国会对总统个人信息发出的传票牵扯到对三权分立的重大关切。但是双方都没有找到解决这些关切的办法。”
After the rulings, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi said, "I hear he's tweeting one thing, and other people are saying another. But whatever it is, it's not good news for the president of the United States."
众议院议长南希·佩罗西在裁决公布之后表示：“我看到他发的推特跟别人说的不一样。但是无论如何，这对美国总统来说不是个好消息。”
The Democratic leader said in a statement that the House would continue "to uncover the truth" and "press our case in the lower courts."
这位民主党领导人在声明中表示，众议院将继续揭露真相，并在下级法院坚持我们这起案子。
I'm Ashley Thompson.
我是阿什利·汤普森。
Words in This Story
prosecution - n. the act or process of holding a trial against a person accused of a crime to see if that person is guilty
versus - preposition - used to indicate two people or groups that opposed each other in a legal case
proceeding - n. a legal action
indict - v. to formally declare that someone should be put on trial for a crime
tremendous - adj. very good or excellent
subpoena - n. a written order that commands someone to appear in court or in front of Congress
implicate - v. to show that something is closely connected
approach - n. a path that leads to something
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