论文快递：第七十期
编者按
Urban Studies 每年投稿量为1000多篇，每年发表16期，共180篇论文左右。由于稿件量大，文章从接收到正式出版周期较长，因此编辑部会在稿件接收排版后的第一时间在网上发布论文全文 (Online First) 。"论文快递" 栏目将同步推出网上刊登的最新论文，方便读者了解Urban Studies的最新动态，敬请关注！
本期为“论文快递”栏目的第七十期，将介绍Urban Studies的5篇online-first论文，主题涵盖城市环境与移民群体动员的关系、城市中心在城市化过程中的角色、中国和谐社区的治理、中国土地融资与分配正义，以及加拿大酷儿的重新定位，欢迎阅读。
Bridging city environments: A contextual approach to the mobilisation of immigrant groups
桥接城市环境：理解移民群体动员的一种情景式方法
Cristina Lacomba (哈佛大学）
首次出版时间：2020/7/27｜研究论文
Abstract
Although cities are thought of as environments conducive to collective mobilisation, we know less about the collective processes by which marginal social groups take advantage of these environments to advance their claims. This article uses the concept of bridging social capital to explain the process by which immigrants living in cities with high diversity mobilise. It introduces the concept of bridging environments to show how city context shapes the collective mobilisation of immigrants. Mobilisation is contingent on the bridging environments with which immigrants can connect within the cities in which they settle. This argument is exemplified by a comparative analysis of the collective mobilisation of Ecuadorian immigrants in New York City and Madrid. This research contributes to how city context matters for the mobilisation and political incorporation of immigrants in liberal democracies.
摘要
尽管城市被认为是有利于集体动员的环境，但我们对边缘社会群体利用这些环境来推进其诉求的集体过程知之甚少。本文使用桥接社会资本的概念来解释生活在高度多样化城市中的移民动员的过程。本文引入了桥接环境的概念，以展示城市环境如何塑造移民的集体动员。动员取决于移民在他们定居的城市中能够与之联系的桥接环境。对厄瓜多尔移民分别在纽约和马德里的集体动员的比较分析是这一论点的例证。本研究有助于了解在自由民主社会中，城市环境对于移民的动员和政治整合的重要性。
Keywords
collective action, diversity, immigrants, political incorporation, social capital, cities集体行动, 多样性, 移民, 政治整合, 社会资本, 城市
The future of the city centre: Urbanisation, transformation and resilience – a tale of two Newcastle cities
城市中心的未来：城市化、城市转型与城市韧性——两个纽卡斯尔城市的故事
Robert J Rogerson（斯特拉斯克莱德大学）
Bob Giddings（英国诺森比亚大学）
首次出版时间：2020/7/29｜研究论文
Abstract
Recent debates over the content and theoretical orientation of urban studies act as a strong reminder that the nature and existence of the city as a form of spatial urban agglomeration is changing. They have acted positively as a heuristic to inspire critical analysis of urbanisation and helped to illuminate the considerable empirical variation over time and space in urban agglomeration forms. However, in shifting the focus onto the planetary reach of urbanisation, such debates risk deflecting attention away from the city core at a time when it too is being subjected to transformation. The city centre has been taken for granted as critical attention has been given to the impact of development and enterprise in extending the city outwards. The recent proliferation of public and policy interest in the future of the city centre as the archetypal expression of urban agglomeration has not been matched by similar growth in academic and theoretical accounts of its transformation. Drawing on the examples of two city centres, and placing them in the context of the recent debates of urban agglomeration theory, this article seeks to initiate deeper analysis and dialogue about the future of the urban core, including how it is being articulated and by whom. It argues for a greater analytic understanding of the ways in which the city centre as a physical and emotional entity has been so resilient, and advocates for stronger engagement with initiatives seeking to reactivate the city centre as a crucial epicentre of urban agglomeration.
摘要
最近关于城市研究的内容和理论方向的争论强烈地提醒我们，城市作为一种空间城市集聚形式的性质和存在正在发生变化。这些辩论积极地启发了人们对城市化进行批判性分析，并帮助阐明城市集聚形式在时间和空间上的显著经验变化。然而，在将焦点转移到城市化的全球范围时，这种争论有可能在城市中心也正在经历转型的时候转移人们对城市中心的注意力。人们一度想当然地看待城市中心，因为在向外扩展城市的过程中，开发和企业的影响受到了极大的关注。最近，公众和政策对城市中心作为城市集聚的典型表现的未来的兴趣激增，这是，但学术界和理论界对其转型的描述却没有类似的增长。本文以两个城市中心为例，将它们置于最近关于城市集聚理论的讨论中，试图就城市中心的未来展开更深入的分析和对话，包括如何表述以及由谁来表达。本文主张对城市中心作为一个物质和情感实体的复原性进行更深入的分析理解，并主张更有力地参与旨在重振作为重要的城市集聚中心的城市中心的倡议。
Keywords
planning, policy, redevelopment, regeneration, theory, urban studies
关键词
规划, 政策, 再开发, 更新, 理论, 城市研究
https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098020936498
Governing for and through harmonious community: The emergence of moral clinics in China
和谐社区作为治理的目标和方式：中国道德诊所的兴起
Shaoying Zhang（上海政法学院）
Derek McGhee（英国基尔大学）
首次出版时间：2020/7/29｜研究论文
Abstract
In this article, we advocate the adoption of ‘more temporal and processual characters’ to understand contemporary community governance in China. We show that communities in China are seen both as producing moral problems and as being the solutions to these problems. Furthermore, we argue that the establishment of the moral clinic provides an alternative to neoliberal ways of self-governance. In the article, we present moral clinics as a new form of community self-governance whose aim is to achieve a complex balance between various conflicts in the context of China’s unprecedented urbanisation in the name of governing for and through community harmony. Through examining the establishment of moral clinics, we expose how the relationship between the moral ‘hospitalisation’ of society and the socialisation of individuals can be understood in new ways. We argue that the institutionalisation of this ‘moral work’ is a strategy based on old techniques of Chinese traditional medicine that are being enhanced by modern organisational settings. In addition, we examine the micropolitics of the moral clinic through exposing the power relations behind its structural design, and especially its links with the state.
摘要
在本文中，我们主张采用“较为暂时性和过程性的特征”来理解当代中国的社区治理。我们表明，中国的社区既被视为产生道德问题，也被视为这些问题的解决方案。此外，我们认为道德诊所的建立为新自由主义的自治方式提供了一种选择。在这篇文章中，我们将道德诊所作为一种新的社区自治形式，其目的是在中国前所未有的城市化背景下，以治理为名，通过社区和谐实现各种冲突之间的复杂平衡。通过考察道德诊所的建立，我们揭示了如何以新的方式理解社会的道德“住院”和个人的社会化之间的关系。我们认为，这种“道德工作”的制度化是一种基于中国传统医学古老技术的策略，而这些古老技术被现代组织架构所强化。此外，我们通过揭示道德诊所结构设计背后的权力关系，尤其是它与国家的联系，来审视道德诊所的微观政治。
原文地址
https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098020940640
Government debt, land financing and distributive justice in China
中国的政府债务、土地融资与分配正义
首次出版时间：2020/7/29｜研究论文
Abstract
Massive funds that are necessary to finance China’s capital-intensive urbanisation are channelled through Local Government Financing Vehicles (LGFVs), which are established by local governments to circumvent the prohibition on borrowing. This study examines LGFV development and how this land financing development strategy influences villagers. We argue that China’s discriminatory land property system and the feature of land being a captive asset allow local governments to transfer their debt pressure to land-losing villagers. Specifically, we find that more indebted local governments take a more extractive approach by paying land-losing villagers less compensation, suggesting the intrinsic connections of the local state, land-centred local public finance and society in China’s urban transformation. Our findings suggest that local governments can be developmental and predatory at the same time. Our arguments are developed using data that combine a self-compiled data set on LGFV debt with the China Household Finance Surveys. It systematically examines the connections between land financing via LGFVs and land-losing villagers. It contributes to a better understanding of the debt-fuelled urbanisation in China and, more broadly, of how the state intervenes in the economy and impacts distributive justice in developing and transition economies.
摘要
为中国资本密集型城市化融资所需的巨额资金，是通过地方政府融资平台 (LGFV) 输送的。地方政府融资平台是地方政府为规避借款禁令而设立的。本研究考察了地方政府融资平台的发展，以及这种土地融资发展策略如何影响村民。我们认为，中国歧视性的土地产权制度和土地作为被控制资产的特点，允许地方政府将债务压力转移给失去土地的村民。具体来说，我们发现负债更多的地方政府采取了一种更具榨取性的方式，向失去土地的村民支付更少的补偿，这表明了地方政府、以土地为中心的地方公共财政和社会在中国城市转型中的内在联系。我们的发现表明，地方政府可能同时具有发展性和掠夺性。我们的论点是以数据为基础的，这些数据结合了自编的地方政府融资平台债务数据集和中国家庭金融调查。本文系统地考察了通过地方政府融资平台进行土地融资与失去土地的村民之间的联系。本文有助于更好地理解中国债务推动的城市化，更广泛地说，有助于更好地理解国家如何干预经济以及如何影响发展中经济体和转型经济体的分配正义。
Keywords
China, distributive justice, government debt, land financing, local government financing vehicles, urbanisation
中国, 分配正义, 政府债务, 土地融资, 地方政府融资平台 (LGFV), 城市化
原文地址https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098020938523
Relocating queer: Comparing suburban LGBTQ2S activisms on Vancouver’s periphery
酷儿的重新定位：温哥华周边郊区LGBTQ2S运动的对比
Alison L Bain（加拿大约克大学）
Julie A Podmore（加拿大约翰阿伯特学院）
首次出版时间：2020/7/29｜研究论文
Abstract
Scholarly understandings of LGBTQ2S activist geographies are largely informed by a metronormative analytical lens that inadequately captures the shifting landscapes of sexual diversity in Canadian city-regions. The gap between the available services in peripheral municipalities and the rising demand from their growing LGBTQ2S populations has mobilised fractured groups of activists to lobby for policy, programming and service changes. This paper examines sexual politics in suburban civil society, focusing on the grassroots organising of not-for-profit activist groups as they interact with local government outside of the electoral process. It compares LGBTQ2S activist practices in two neighbouring, although differently sized and demographically divergent, peripheral municipalities in the Vancouver city-region: Surrey and New Westminster. A comparative case study approach reveals how LGBTQ2S activists work through variations in suburban political opportunity structures, resource landscapes and inter-organisational relations resulting in differential practices of mobilisation and collective action. In contrast with an urban legacy of insurgent practices of LGBTQ2S resistance, suburban LGBTQ2S activisms primarily centre on enactments of local resourcefulness, community resilience and institutional reworking within more dispersed resource landscapes.
摘要
学术界对男女同性恋、双性恋、变性者、酷儿和双灵人 (LGBTQ2S) 活动人士地理的理解，很大程度上是基于一种都市规范的分析视角，这种视角没有充分捕捉到加拿大各城市地区性多样性格局的变化。周边城市可获得的服务与其日益增长的LGBTQ2S群体之间的差距，已促使分裂的活动人士团体进行游说，以促进政策、规划和服务变革。本文考察了郊区市民社会中的性政治，重点是非营利活动团体在选举过程之外与地方政府互动时的基层组织。我们比较了温哥华市区两个相邻的边缘城市（萨里和新威斯敏斯特）的LGBTQ2S活动人士的行为，尽管这两个城市的规模不同，人口构成也有所不同。比较案例研究方法揭示了LGBTQ2S活动人士如何在相互差异的郊区政治机会结构、资源状况和组织间关系环境中开展工作，这导致了动员和集体行动方面的不同做法。与城市LGBTQ2S反叛行为传统形成鲜明对比的是，郊区LGBTQ2S活动人士的活动侧重于在更分散的资源环境中推动当地资源配置、社区复原力和机构改造方面的立法。
Keywords
activisms, LGBTQ2S, metronormativity, metropolitan periphery suburbs关键词行动主义, 男女同性恋, 双性恋, 变性者, 酷儿和双灵人 (LGBTQ2S), 都市规范, 大都市周边郊区
原文地址
https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098020931282推介Urban Studies期刊的最新文章和城市研究的最新动态，搭建中国城市研究学者交流切磋的学术平台。
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