新概念英语第二册 Lesson51（视频+音频+单词+课文重点）

Lesson 51

Reward for virtue
对美德的奖赏
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Why did Hugh's diet not work?
My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet.
我的朋友休一直很胖，但是近来情况变得越发糟糕，以致他决定节食。
He began his diet a week ago.
他是一星期前开始节食的。
First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden.
首先，他开列了一张长长的单子，上面列了所有禁吃的食物。
The list included most of the things Hugh loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate, and sweets.
这张单子上的大多数食物都是休喜欢吃的：黄油、土豆、米饭、啤酒、牛奶、巧克力和糖果。
Yesterday I paid him a visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Hugh was still as fat as ever.
昨天我去看望了他。我按响了门铃，当看到休仍和往常一样胖时，我并不感到惊奇。
He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk.
他把我领进屋，慌忙把一个大包藏到了桌子下面。
It was obvious that he was very embarrassed.
显然他感到很尴尬。

When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk.
当我问他正干什么时，他内疚地笑了，然后把那个大包拿到了桌上。
He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally.
他解释说，他的饮食控制得太严格了，以致不得不偶尔奖赏自己一下。
Then he showed me the contents of the parcel.
接着他给我看了包里的东西。
It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets!
里面装了5大块巧克力和3袋糖果！

 生字 

vocabulary

★reward　n. 报偿
give ab.a reward　 n.
reward sb.with sth. v. 用...来奖赏某人
reward sb.for sth.
...reward him for the first prize.
★virtue　n. 美德
strongpoints　 merit　长处,优点
shortpoints　　weak points　短处,缺点
★diet　n. 节食
go on a diet
★forbid　v. 禁止
forbid sb. to do sth.:禁止某人做某事
allow sb.to do
forbad :
forbidden :Forbidden City 紫禁城　forbidden fruit 禁果
lost:一个动词的过去分词可以作为形容词用
broken glass
★hurriedly　adv. 匆忙地
★embarrass　v. 使尴尬
embarrassing :令人尴尬
embarrassed　:感到尴尬
sth embarrassed me.
You embarrassed me.
embarrassment
to my embarrassment 让我感到尴尬
★guiltily　adv. 内疚地
guilty consicience 问心有愧
clear conscience 问心无愧
★strict　adj. 严格的
be strict with sb.
be strict in sth
★reward　v. 给奖赏
★occasionally　adv. 偶尔地
on the occasion
at times
How often do you visit your parents?
off and on 偶尔
now and again

语法

grammar 

一般过去时
在第3课及第27课的语法中我们都学习了一般过去时。在一段文字中，初次使用一般过去时的时候通常要有明确的时间状语，随后的叙述则可以不一定使用时间状语；如果不加before, after等词语，过去的动作就被认为是按所描述的顺序发生的：
One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm. Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea.
一天下午，她乘小船从海岸出发，遇上了风暴。天将黑时，小船撞在了一块礁石上，姑娘跳进了海里。
与一般过去时常用的两个词是once和recently：
I went on an excursion recently.
最近我进行了一次短途旅行。
recently在表示“最近一段时期”时也可以与现在完成时连用：I haven't heard from him recently.
我最近没有收到他的信。
一般过去时也可以用于时间状语从句中.