慢速英语 | 疟疾防治进程受到阻碍
From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.
这里是美国之音慢速英语健康和生活报道。
In recent decades, countries around the world have made great progress against malaria. However, a new report from the World Health Organization (WHO) says that progress is at risk.
近几十年来，世界各国在防治疟疾方面取得了重大进展。然而，世界卫生组织(世卫组织)的一份新报告说，这一进程受到阻碍。
This WHO annual report looks at the global fight against the disease.It says that malaria cases are on the rise in several countries.
世卫组织年度报告着眼于全球抗击艾滋病的斗争。报告称，疟疾病例在几个国家呈上升趋势。
Many countries are moving toward eliminating malaria, among them Madagascar, Senegal and Zimbabwe.
许多国家正在努力消除疟疾，其中包括马达加斯加、塞内加尔和津巴布韦。
However, the WHO report warns that in others, progress has stalled.
然而，世卫组织的报告警告说，在其他国家，进展已经停滞。
Malaria cases increased by more than 20 percent from 2015 to 2016 in eight African countries - including Rwanda,Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
2015年至2016年，非洲8个国家的疟疾病例增加了20%以上，其中包括卢旺达、尼日利亚和刚果民主共和国。
At the same time, funding for malaria prevention and treatment has leveled off, reaching $2.7 billion in 2016.This amount is less than half of the 2020 target.
与此同时，疟疾预防和治疗的资金已趋于平稳，2016年达到27亿美元。这一数字还不到2020年目标的一半。
Professor David Conway is from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. He says money for fighting malaria has plateaued, meaning it has not increased in a long time.
大卫·康威教授来自伦敦卫生与热带医学院。他说，抗击疟疾的资金已经停滞，这意味着在很长一段时间内资金不会增加。
That amount of funding internationally has plateaued.Possibly it has reached the realistic maximum. And it has always been assumed; indeed it has been important that countries themselves should commit to funding malaria control.And I think the big opportunity now is for those countries to step up and realize that this is good value.
“来自国际的资金已经处于停滞时期。现实中可能已经达到了最大值。人们一直认为如此；事实上，各国本身应该承诺资助疟疾控制，这一点非常重要。我认为现在最大的机会是让这些国家站出来，认识到这是有价值的事情。”
Overall, Africa continues to suffer the most from malaria.In 2016, just over 400,000 people died from the disease. This is slightly less than in 2015.However, in Africa the malaria parasite does not yet appear to be developing drug resistance.
一般而言，非洲是疟疾最为肆虐的地区。2016年，有40多万人死于这种疾病。这比2015年略低。然而，在非洲，疟疾寄生虫似乎还没有出现耐药性。
The same cannot be said for Southeast Asia.
而对于东南亚来说，情况并不乐观。
Conway explains that there are renewed concerns that in Southeast Asia malaria will become drug-resistant in the future.
康威解释说，人们一直担心，在东南亚，疟疾将来会变得具有抗药性。
“The current treatments within Africa – they work very well.There is resistance in Southeast Asia which has spread, which potentially going to be more of a problem in the future.Insecticide resistance has spread much more.That’s resistance in the mosquitoes.”
“目前在非洲的治疗方法非常有效。东南亚地区的抗药性已经扩散，这在未来可能会成为一个更大的问题。杀虫剂的抗药性传播得更为广泛。对杀虫剂产生抗药性的多为蚊子。”
The WHO is calling for improving the coverage of existing methods of malaria prevention as well as an urgent investment in new tools -- namely a malaria vaccine.
世卫组织呼吁扩大疟疾预防现有方法的覆盖范围，扩大对新方法——疟疾疫苗的紧急投资。
Again, here is Professor Conway.
康威教授还这样说。
More research is needed to develop an effective malaria vaccine that could cover the populations that at the moment have high malaria rates and that perhaps don’t use the available interventions even when they are being funded.
“我们需要更多的研究来开发一种有效的疟疾疫苗，这种疫苗可以覆盖目前疟疾发病率高的人群，而且即使他们正在接受资助，也不需要使用相应的干预措施。”
Several malaria vaccines are under development. Starting in 2018, the WHO is planning a major trial of the RTSS vaccine in Kenya, Ghana and Malawi.
目前正在研制几种疟疾疫苗。从2018年开始，世卫组织计划对肯尼亚、加纳和马拉维的RTSS疫苗进行主要试验。
But this latest report from the WHO warns that the world is at a crossroads. Without better funding and more effective tools to fight malaria, the progress made in recent decades could be undone.
但世界卫生组织的最新报告警告称，世界正处于十字路口。如果没有更多的资金和更有效的防治疟疾的方法，近几十年所取得的进展可能会功亏一篑。
And that’s the Health & Lifestyle report.
这就是健康与生活方式的报告。
I’m Anna Matteo.
我是安娜·马特奥。