新冠病毒疫情防控相关词汇，英语怎么说？

新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情发生以来，党中央高度重视。习近平总书记多次对疫情防控工作作出重要指示，强调生命重于泰山，疫情就是命令，防控就是责任，要坚决打赢疫情防控阻击战。

中国外文局中国翻译研究院翻译审定工作机制及时响应，按疫病名称，传染防控，政策举措，机构、职业群体和场所名称，病理症状，器具名称，其他医学名词等七个类别，搜集梳理、翻译审定了180条新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情相关词汇英文表达，供业界及相关人员参考使用。

一疫病名称

1.冠状病毒 coronavirus

2.2019新型冠状病毒 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)

3.肺炎 pneumonia

4.病毒性肺炎 viral pneumonia

5.不明原因肺炎 pneumonia of unknown etiology/cause

6.严重急性呼吸综合征（非典） severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

7.严重急性呼吸道感染 severe acute respiratory infection (SARI)

8.急性呼吸窘迫综合征 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

9.中东呼吸综合征 Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)

10.呼吸道疾病（呼吸系统疾病） respiratory diseases

二传染防控

11.国际关注的突发公共卫生事件 Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) 

12.乙类传染病 Category B infectious diseases

13.人传人 person-to-person/human-to-human transmission

14.行走的传染源 mobile source of infection 

15.潜伏期 incubation/latent period

16.无症状的潜伏期 silent/asymptomatic incubation period

17.特定传染病 specific infectious disease 

18.病毒携带者 virus carrier

19.无症状携带者 asymptomatic carrier

20.超级传播者 super spreader

21.飞沫传播 droplet transmission

22.接触传播 contact transmission 

23.病毒的蔓延 spread of a virus

24.隐性感染 covert/silent/inapparent/subclinical infection 

25.外源性感染 exogenous infection

26.密切接触者 close contact

27.接触者追踪 contact tracing

28.传染途径 route of transmission

29.传播方式 mode of transmission

30.宿主 host

31.易感人群 susceptible/vulnerable population

32.医院/院内感染 nosocomial infection; hospital-acquired infection

33.职业暴露 occupational exposure

34.确诊病例 confirmed case 

35.疑似病例 suspected case

36.散在病例 sporadic case

37.输入性病例 imported case

38.二代病例 second-generation case

39.传染性 transmissibility; infectivity

40.致病性 pathogenicity

41.疫情 epidemic; outbreak 

42.疫区 affected area

43.发病 morbidity

44.发热病人 patients with fever; febrile patients; fever patients

45.重症 severe case

46.发病率 incidence rate 

47.死亡率 mortality rate 

48.病死率（致死率） fatality/mortality/death rate

49.治愈率 recovery rate

50.疫情防控 epidemic prevention and control 

51.监测体温 to monitor body temperature 

52.体温检测 to check body temperature

53.早发现、早隔离 early detection and early isolation

54.隔离治疗 to receive treatment in isolation

55.自我隔离 to quarantine yourself in your home; self-monitored quarantine 

56.临床数据 clinical data

57.核酸检测 nucleic acid testing (NAT) 

58.血清诊断 serodiagnosis 

59.自觉接受医学观察 to present yourself to medical observation 

60.解除医学观察 to be discharged from medical observation

61.诊断、治疗、追踪和筛查 diagnosis, treatment, tracing and screening

62.预防措施 preventive measure

63.疫苗 vaccine

64.戴口罩 to wear a mask

65.勤洗手/仔细洗手 to wash your hands often/carefully

66.消毒 disinfection

67.避免去人多的地方 avoid crowds

68.健康筛查 health screening

69.旅行限制 travel restrictions

70.健康申报表 health declaration form

71.海鲜市场 seafood market

72.活体农贸市场 live animal market

73.湿货市场 wet market

74.野味 bushmeat; game

75.果子狸 masked palm civet 

76.蝙蝠 bat 

77.竹鼠 bamboo rat

78.獾 badger

三政策举措

79.突发公共卫生事件 public health emergency

80.启动重大突发公共卫生事件一级响应 to activate first-level public health emergency response

81.掌握情况，不漏一人 to have full knowledge of the situation (of the community) and leave no one unchecked

82.遏制疫情蔓延 to contain the outbreak

83.封城 A city is on lockdown./A city goes into lockdown.

84.延迟开学 to postpone the reopening of schools

85.延长春节假期 to extend the Chinese New Year holiday

86.（公共场所）消毒、通风以及体温检测 disinfection, ventilation and body temperature monitoring (in public areas)

87.应急医院 makeshift hospital

88.火神山医院 Huoshenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)

89.雷神山医院 Leishenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)

90.暂停海外团队旅行 to suspend overseas group tours

91.关闭景点 to close scenic spots

92.取消大型集会 to cancel mass gatherings

93.减少外出 to make fewer trips outside

94.控制人口流动 to curb population flow

95.两周观察期 two-week observation period

96.停运长途汽车 to halt long-distance buses

97.调减市内公交to reduce the frequency of bus services in the city

98.特殊报销政策 special reimbursement rules

99.紧平衡 in tight balance

100.医疗物资紧缺 shortage of medical supplies

101.日常基本生活物资 daily necessities

102.跨境采购 cross-border procurement

103.囤积食物 to stock up on food

104.捂货惜售 hoarding

105.瞒报 to underreport 

106.哄抬价格 price gouging

107.顶格处罚 the maximum penalty

四机构、职业群体和场所名称

108.世卫组织 World Health Organization (WHO)

109.中央应对新型冠状病毒感染肺炎疫情工作领导小组（中央应对疫情工作领导小组） Leading Group of the CPC Central Committee for Novel Coronavirus Prevention and Control

110.国家卫生健康委员会（国家卫健委） National Health Commission (NHS)

111.中国疾病预防控制中心（中国疾控中心） Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)

112.国家医疗保障局（国家医保局） National Healthcare Security Administration (NHSA)

113.医疗机构 medical institution

114.卫生机构 health institution

115.医疗从业者 medical practitioner; healthcare professional

116.医疗人员 medical personnel; health workforce; health workers

117.一线医护人员 frontline health workers

118.钟南山 Zhong Nanshan, a prominent Chinese expert in respiratory diseases (and a hero of the 2003 fight against SARS)

119.定点医院 designated hospitals 

120.发热门诊 fever clinic

121.重症监护病房 intensive care unit (ICU)

122.检疫所 quarantine office

123.药店 pharmacy; drugstore

五病理症状

124.病理 pathology

125.病原体 pathogen

126.病毒变异 virus variation

127.病毒突变 virus mutation

128.临床表现 clinical picture

129.上呼吸道感染 upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)

130.低氧血症 hypoxemia; low blood oxygen

131.纤维化 fibrosis

132.肺脓肿 lung abscess

133.双肺浸润性病灶 infiltration in both lungs

134.发热 fever 

135.乏力 fatigue

136.干咳 dry cough 

137.头疼 headache

138.胸闷 chest distress; chest oppression

139.心慌 palpitations

140.恶心想吐 nausea

141.腹泻 diarrhea

142.呼吸困难 dyspnea; respiratory distress; breathing difficulties

143.呼吸急促（气促） shortness of breath; panting

144.感染性休克 septic shock

六器具名称

145.红外体温测量仪 infrared thermometer

146.体温检测热像仪 thermal imaging camera for temperature monitoring

147.诊断器具 diagnostic tool/kit

148.消毒液 disinfectant; antiseptic solution

149.消毒湿巾 disinfectant/antiseptic wipes

150.含酒精洗手液 alcohol-based hand rub/sanitizer

151.口罩 facemask; mask 

152.N95口罩 N95 mask/respirator

153.医用外科口罩 surgical mask

154.防护服 protective suit

155.护目镜 goggles 

156.一次性手套 disposable gloves

157.负压救护车 negative pressure ambulance

七其他医学名词

158.国际卫生条例 International Health Regulations (IHR)

159.流行病学 epidemiology

160.流行病学调查（流调） epidemiological investigation 

161.呼吸器官 respiratory organs

162.呼吸道 respiratory tract

163.消化系统 digestive system 

164.神经系统 nervous system

165.肾功能 renal function

166.流感 influenza; flu

167.结膜炎 conjunctivitis; pink eye

168.宿疾、慢性病 chronic ailment; chronic disease

169.高血压 hypertension; high blood pressure 

170.糖尿病 diabetes; diabetes mellitus

171.心血管病 cardiovascular disease 

172.基因序列 genetic sequence

173.基因结构 genetic structure

174.试剂 reagent

175.诊断 diagnosis

176.检测样本 test sample

177.医学观察 medical watch; medical observation

178.病毒分离 virus isolation

179.抗病毒药 antiviral drug

180.退烧药 febrifuge; antipyretic

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供稿：中国外文局中国翻译研究院