美国和欧盟委员会关于跨大西洋数据隐私框架的联合声明
前哨按语：3月25日，美欧发表联合声明，宣布原则上同意了一个新的跨大西洋数据隐私框架。以下是该联合声明的翻译，并附上美欧双方公布的情况说明，以供参阅。
美国和欧盟委员会关于跨大西洋数据隐私框架的联合声明
2022年3月25日
翻译：刘金瑞
美国和欧盟委员会宣布，他们原则上同意了一个新的跨大西洋数据隐私框架，该框架将促进跨大西洋数据流，并解决欧盟法院在2020年7月Schrems II裁决中提出的关切。
新框架标志着美国方面前所未有的承诺，实施改革以强化适用于美国信号情报活动的隐私和公民自由保护。根据跨大西洋数据隐私框架，美国将制定新的保障措施，以确保信号监控活动在实现既定的国家安全目标时是必要和相称的；建立一个两级独立救济机制，具有指导救济措施的约束力；并加强对信号情报活动的严格和分层监督，以确保遵守对监控活动的限制。
跨大西洋数据隐私框架反映了美国和欧盟之间一年多在商务部长吉娜·雷蒙多和司法专员迪迪埃·雷恩德斯领导下的详细谈判。它将为跨大西洋数据流提供持久的基础，这对保护公民权利和在所有经济部门（包括中小企业）实现跨大西洋商业至关重要。通过促进跨境数据流，新框架将促进包容性的数字经济，所有人都可以参与其中，来自我们所有国家的各种规模的公司都可以蓬勃发展。
此宣布再次表明了美欧关系的力量，因为我们继续深化我们作为一个民主共同体的伙伴关系，以确保安全和尊重隐私，并为我们的公司和公民提供经济机会。新框架将促进美国-欧盟的进一步合作，包括通过贸易和技术理事会（Trade and Technology Council ）以及经济合作与发展组织等多边论坛，就数字政策进行合作。
美国政府和欧盟委员会的团队现在将继续合作，以期将这一安排转化为法律文件，双方都需要通过法律文件来建立这个新的跨大西洋数据隐私框架。为此，美国的这些承诺将包含在一项行政命令中，该行政命令将构成欧盟委员会未来充分性认定评估的基础。
United States and European Commission Joint Statement on Trans-Atlantic Data Privacy Framework
The United States and the European Commission announce that they have agreed in principle on a new Trans-Atlantic Data Privacy Framework, which will foster trans-Atlantic data flows and address the concerns raised by the Court of Justice of the European Union in the Schrems II decision of July 2020.
The new Framework marks an unprecedented commitment on the U.S. side to implement reforms that will strengthen the privacy and civil liberties protections applicable to U.S. signals intelligence activities. Under the Trans-Atlantic Data Privacy Framework, the United States is to put in place new safeguards to ensure that signals surveillance activities are necessary and proportionate in the pursuit of defined national security objectives, establish a two-level independent redress mechanism with binding authority to direct remedial measures, and enhance rigorous and layered oversight of signals intelligence activities to ensure compliance with limitations on surveillance activities.
The Trans-Atlantic Data Privacy Framework reflects more than a year of detailed negotiations between the U.S. and E.U. led by Secretary of Commerce Gina Raimondo and Commissioner for Justice Didier Reynders. It will provide a durable basis for trans-Atlantic data flows, which are critical to protecting citizens’ rights and enabling trans-Atlantic commerce in all sectors of the economy, including for small and medium enterprises. By advancing cross-border data flows, the new framework will promote an inclusive digital economy in which all people can participate and in which companies of all sizes from all of our countries can thrive.
The announcement is another demonstration of the strength of the U.S.-EU relationship, in that we continue to deepen our partnership as a community of democracies to ensure both security and respect for privacy and to enable economic opportunities for our companies and citizens. The new Framework will facilitate further U.S.-EU cooperation, including through the Trade and Technology Council and through multilateral fora, such as the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, on digital policies.
The teams of the U.S. Government and the European Commission will now continue their cooperation with a view to translate this arrangement into legal documents that will need to be adopted on both sides to put in place this new Trans-Atlantic Data Privacy Framework. For that purpose, these U.S. commitments will be included in an Executive Order that will form the basis of the Commission’s assessment in its future adequacy decision.
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