流动性约束与农民工劳动供给——兼论农民工过度劳动现象

Liquidity Constraints and Migrant Workers’ Labor Supply: Also on Migrant Workers’ Overwork Phenomenon

《财经研究》2022年48卷第12期 页码：121-135 online：2022年12月3日

作者

中：汪伟1,2 , 崔亚东1

英：Wang Wei1,2, Cui Yadong1

作者单位：1. 上海财经大学 公共经济与管理学院，上海 200433; 2. 上海财经大学 上海市金融信息技术研究重点实验室，上海 200433

摘要及关键词

摘要：通过构建理论模型并运用中国家庭金融调查数据，文章分析了流动性约束对农民工劳动供给的影响并讨论了农民工过度劳动现象。文章的研究结果表明：（1）受到流动性约束的农民工将会增加劳动供给，其更可能出现过度劳动；（2）流动性约束会降低农民工的消费支出和家庭资产，为了减弱流动性约束对消费和家庭资产的负面影响，农民工会倾向于增加劳动时间和提高劳动强度，从而增加了其过度劳动的可能性；（3）异质性分析表明，在受到流动性约束时，所处金融信贷环境较差、劳动权益难以得到保障、收入较低、家庭赡养压力较大、社保缴费负担较重以及生活成本较高地区的农民工更可能增加劳动供给，从而出现过度劳动。文章丰富了连接金融市场与劳动力市场的理论研究，为考察中国农民工劳动供给行为提供了新视角，同时也为缓解农民工过度劳动现象提供了新思路。

关键词：流动性约束; 农民工; 过度劳动

Summary: The behavior of labor supply especially overwork, has always been a concern of the society, and migrant workers are the main group of over workers. Meanwhile, migrant workers with low incomes are more likely to suffer from liquidity constraints. Against this background, this paper discusses the impact of liquidity constraints on the labor supply of migrant workers from both theoretical and empirical perspectives, and further analyzes the phenomenon of migrant workers’ overwork by constructing a theoretical model and using the China Household Finance Survey data（CHFS2017）. The results show that:（1）Migrant workers affected by liquidity constraints will increase their labor supply and are more prone to overwork.（2）Liquidity constraints will decrease the consumption expenditure and family assets of migrant workers. Therefore, migrant workers tend to increase labor time and labor intensity to reduce the negative impact of liquidity constraints on consumption and family assets, which will increase the possibility of overwork.（3）Heterogeneity analysis shows that, migrant workers with poor financial credit environment, poor protection of labor rights and interests, low incomes, high family support pressure, heavy social security contribution burden and high urban living costs, are more prone to increase labor supply and overwork while being affected by liquidity constraints. The Report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that insisting on ensuring and improving people’s livelihood during development is an inherent requirement for the high-quality development of China’s economy. Migrant workers are socially vulnerable groups that need to be paid attention to in the process of economic development. This paper discusses the labor supply behavior of migrant workers from the perspective of liquidity constraints, which enriches the theoretical research on the connection between financial market and labor market, provides a new perspective for analyzing the labor supply behavior of migrant workers, and provides policy enlightenment for alleviating the phenomenon of migrant workers’ overwork. This paper argues that alleviating the phenomenon of migrant workers’ overwork can be considered from the perspective of not only labor market but also financial market to find solutions. The implementation of a series of combined policies by the government, such as optimizing the financial credit environment, protecting migrant workers’ labor rights and interests, raising migrant workers’ incomes, and reducing migrant workers’ family support pressure, social security contribution burden, and urban living costs, will be helpful to alleviate liquidity constraints and then reduce the phenomenon of migrant workers’ overwork.

Key words:liquidity constraints; migrant workers; overwork

其他信息

DOI：10.16538/j.cnki.jfe.20220915.402

收稿日期：2022-05-12

基金项目：国家社会科学基金重大项目（22ZDA049）；上海市浦江人才计划（16PJC034）

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