国内供应链构建水平与企业进口议价能力——基于上市公司的经验证据

Construction of Domestic Supply Chain and Import Bargaining Power of Enterprises: Empirical Evidence from Listed Companies

《财经研究》2023年49卷第8期 页码：79 - 93 online：2023年8月3日

作者

中：黎峰

英：Li Feng

作者单位：江苏省社会科学院 世界经济研究所，江苏 南京 210004

摘要及关键词

摘要：对于参与国际循环而言，构建国内大循环的意义何在？依托大国市场优势构建国内供应链，将对中国企业进口议价能力产生何种影响？文章通过综合利用中国上市公司供应链数据库、Wind上市公司数据库和中国海关数据库的匹配数据，研究发现：（1）“入世”以来，中国制造类上市公司的国内供应链构建水平及其进口议价能力均呈现出先抑后扬的发展态势。（2）国内供应链的构建有效增强了企业进口议价能力，该影响在高技术密集型部门、民营企业、沿海地区、加工贸易企业及全球价值链下游企业中的表现尤为显著。（3）进口替代效应、技术进步效应和企业成长效应是国内供应链促进企业进口议价能力提升的重要途径。（4）相对于省内供应链，突破本地市场边界的区域内供应链、跨区域供应链、全国供应链的构建，对于企业进口议价能力提升的作用更加明显。文章研究表明，以国内供应链构建进一步增强企业进口议价能力，应加快内资企业成长，培育国内供应链“链主”；依托超大规模市场潜力，提升国内生产配套能力；协调区域专业化分工，加快国内产业梯度转移。

关键词：国内供应链；进口议价能力；上市公司

Summary: As a major country with an open economy, China’s opening up benefits are relatively low, and there is an obvious problem of “big but not strong”, which is mainly reflected in the lack of bargaining power in the international market. Under the new development pattern that emphasizes the interaction between domestic and international dual circulation, can the construction of domestic circulation effectively improve the benefits of China’s participation in international circulation? From the perspective of domestic industrial resource integration, this paper makes an in-depth study of how the construction of domestic supply chain affects the import bargaining power of enterprises. The findings are as follows: First, since China’s entry into the WTO, the construction of domestic supply chain and the import bargaining power of Chinese listed manufacturing companies have shown a trend of first suppression and then increase. Second, the construction of domestic supply chain effectively enhances the import bargaining power of enterprises, which is particularly significant in high-tech intensive sectors, private enterprises, coastal areas, processing trade enterprises, and downstream enterprises of the global value chain. Third, the import substitution effect, technological progress effect and enterprise growth effect are important ways for the domestic supply chain to improve the import bargaining power of enterprises. Fourth, compared with the provincial supply chain, the construction of intra-regional supply chain, cross-regional supply chain and national supply chain that break the boundary of the local market plays a more obvious role in improving the import bargaining power of enterprises. The above conclusions provide a theoretical basis and empirical cases for the idea of improving the benefits of opening up through the integration of domestic resources, and provide support for resisting various forms of “small circulation within the province” thoughts and behaviors and promoting the construction of a unified domestic market in China. The academic value of this paper is mainly reflected in three aspects: First, from the perspective of the impact of domestic supply chain construction on the import bargaining power of enterprises, it deeply studies the linkage between domestic circulation and international circulation. Second, it uses the supply chain information database of listed companies for the first time to analyze domestic specialization and supply chain construction from the micro dimension of enterprises. Third, different from the existing literature that indirectly measures the bargaining power of enterprises based on the degree of customer purchase concentration, it directly measures the import bargaining power of enterprises from the perspective of income distribution, thus providing a new perspective for the study of the heterogeneous trade theory.

Key words: domestic supply chain; import bargaining power; listed companies.

其他信息

DOI：10.16538/j.cnki.jfe.20221014.201

收稿日期：2022-05-25

基金项目：国家社会科学基金项目（22BJL100）

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