Snøhetta丨上海大歌剧院设计方案
Following an international design competition, Snøhetta has been commissioned to design the Shanghai Grand Opera House in Shanghai, China. The project aims to attract a broad audience through offering both traditional and Chinese opera performances, classical concerts and more experimental performances that will attract a younger audience. Snøhetta has developed the architectural, landscape, interior, and graphic design for the Opera, and the project will be undertaken in partnership with Shanghai-based architects ECADI.
全新的大歌剧院是上海新城市总体规划的重要组成部分，该规划旨在使上海在经济、科学和文化方面走在全球前列。上海歌剧院有望成为上海的主要文化地标之一——国家“十三五”规划将其列为加强上海文化和全球影响力的最重要举措。
Wednesday, April 3, 2019 —— The new Opera House is an important part of a new urban master plan for Shanghai that aims to place the city at the forefront of the globe, economically, scientifically, and culturally. The Opera House is expected to become one of the major cultural landmarks of Shanghai —— the country’s 13th Five-Year Plan names it as the most important initiative to strengthen Shanghai’s cultural and global influence.
Snøhetta创始人之一KjetilTrædal Thorsen表示，上海大歌剧院是其设计观演文化建筑经验的自然升华。从挪威国家歌剧和芭蕾舞团（奥斯陆歌剧院）到韩国釜山歌剧院，到加拿大女王大学伊莎贝尔巴德演艺中心，再到法国巴黎的南特阿曼迪尔剧院更新，通过这些全球各地一系列剧院和观演建筑的成功设计，Snøhetta对剧院和观演类文化建筑理解和设计能力已游刃有余。上海大歌剧院项目是Snøhetta因地制宜的实践，同时也是业主和其团队高度重视如何令公共空间用之于民的智慧结晶。通过设计，大歌剧院的公共归属感得以升华。这是为每一位上海市民倾力呈现的歌剧院，同时它也属于全中国和全世界。
“The Shanghai Grand Opera House is a natural progression of our previous work with designing performing artscenters,” says Snøhetta Founder Kjetil Trædal Thorsen. “It is a culmination of the competence and insight gained through projects such as the Norwegian National Opera and Ballet, the Busan Opera House in South Korea, the Isabel Bader Centre for the Performing Arts in Canada, and the Théâtre Nanterre-Amandiers renovation in Paris. The Shanghai Grand Opera House is a product of our contextual understanding and values, designed to promote publicownership of the building for the people of Shanghai and beyond”.
全新的上海大歌剧院坐落于世博后滩区，紧邻黄浦江岸。后滩区将会呈现出生态、低碳的特色，这强调了大歌剧院成为公共开放场所的使命。周围景观的辐射布局和大歌剧院整体几何造型统一协调，确保了从大歌剧院观望市区以及从市区远眺大歌剧院的核心景观视角。
The new Opera House will be built in the Expo Houtan neighborhood, located at the convex bank in the riverside area near Huangpu River. The neighborhood, which will have an ecological and low-carbon profile, emphasizes the Opera’s mission of being a public and open venue. The radial layout of the surrounding landscapes harmonizes with the overall geometry of the Opera building, ensuring key view paths from both the Opera to the city, and from the city to the Opera.
上海大歌剧院效果图-远眺大歌剧院 ©Snøhetta
作为艺术家和公众的艺术殿堂，全新的上海大歌剧院蕴含了动态的理念。正如歌剧演员表演时的身体舞动，抑或一面扇子的动态展开，均为大歌剧院的表面和内部空间注入灵感，从门厅大堂延伸至三个观众厅。如扇子般展开的屋面形成了可上人的表面以及屋面之下的空间，同时，屋面的几何展开，自然地形成螺旋楼梯，连接了地面与天空，并创造出面向上海核心城区和黄浦江岸的绝佳观景点。大歌剧院建筑设计的动态理念同样渗透其视觉品牌设计，包含了具备高识别度的展开扇子图案的标识，充满东方地域特色，精美而简洁。
Designed to bring artists and the public under a shared roof, the sweeping form of the new Opera House embodies the concept of movement. The helical roof surface evokes an unfolding fan, capturing the dynamism of dance and the human body. Generating both surface andspace, the radial movements of the roof form a spiraling staircase that connects ground and sky and creates views towards the city and the Huangpu river banks. The spiraling, fanning motions extend throughout the project, into the lobby, the halls, and the three auditoriums. The Opera House’s visual identity also references the same movements, with the new, clean logo characterized by a highly recognizable open fan pattern.
上海大剧院效果图-扇形屋面 ©Snøhetta
上海大剧院效果图-扇形屋面 ©Snøhetta
公共空间和宏大的设计
Public Space and a Generous Design
大歌剧院的屋面将成为可上人的“舞台”和城市客厅，适用于大型庆典活动和普通日常参观。承载着容纳集体庆典和个体活动的功能，该屋面空间将允许游客一年365天、每天24小时全天候进入，给公众和市民带来强烈的归属感。一系列的餐厅、画廊、展厅、博物馆、艺术教育机构、图书馆和小型影院等都将使大歌剧院成为广受欢迎的目的地。
The Opera roof will become an accessible stage and meeting place, suitable to both large-scale events and everyday visitors. In celebrating both the collective and the individual, the plaza will allow visitor access 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, engendering a sense of public ownership. A series of restaurants, galleries, exhibitions, museums, education centers, libraries and small cinemas will all contribute to the Opera becoming a popular destination.
上海大剧院效果图-扇形屋面 ©Snøhetta
大歌剧院的核心是 2000 座的主礼堂：精密的舞台设备提供了最先进的技术解决方案和卓越的声学效果。1200 座的第二演出厅将提供更为亲和的配置，适用于较小规模的剧目创作和排演。1000 座的情景剧场提供了灵活的舞台机械和座椅配置，为上海大歌剧院的特色情景或实验性演出需求量身定做。
At the heart of the Opera is the 2,000-seatmain auditorium: a finely tuned instrument that offers state-of-the-arttechnical solutions and superior acoustics. The 1,200-seat second stage will offer a more intimate setting for smaller productions. The 1,000-seat third stage offers a flexible stage and seating arrangement, providing space for more experimental and unique performances, aiming to attract a new generation of opera goers.
上海大剧院效果图-内厅 ©Snøhetta
大歌剧院的白色外墙同其柔丝般的内饰形成对比。橡木被运用于大歌剧院的门厅、画廊和观众厅地面，以确保优良的声学属性。观众厅内部采用深红色调的木材。超高玻璃幕墙让观众厅沐浴在自然光之下，在建筑中也能转换着不同季节、不同时间的体验。夜晚，外部光线改变着舞台塔楼的外观，让大歌剧院好似发光的灯笼，照亮屋顶和天际线。
The white Opera exterior stands in contrast to the soft silk used for the interior lining. Oak wood forms the main floors of the galleries and the interior of the hall, ensuring good acoustic properties. In the hall itself, the wood is stained in hues of dark red. Expansive glass panes open up the main hall to natural light, which transforms the experience of the building throughout the day and from season to season. At night, exterior lights change the appearance of the stage towers, transforming them into glowing lanterns, illuminating the roof and skyline.
上海大剧院效果图-超大玻璃幕墙 ©Snøhetta
上海大剧院效果图-内厅 ©Snøhetta
上海大剧院效果图-内厅 ©Snøhetta
上海大剧院效果图-夜景 ©Snøhetta
上海大歌剧院将成为世界级的文化建筑，它将访客和观众置于舞台和戏剧空间的中心。通过其在美学、功能、文化和生态方面的追求，这座大歌剧院将成为艺术家、上海市民以及全球访客挥洒文化艺术热情的场所。
The Shanghai Grand Opera House will be a world-class venue, placing the visitor at the center of the stage. Through its aesthetics, functionality, as well as its cultural and ecological ambition, the Opera House will be an accessible canvas for global visitors, local citizens, and artists to fill with life and culture.
项目名称 上海大歌剧院
项目类型 公共文化建筑
项目地址 上海浦东新区世博文化公园内
建筑面积 145978 平方米
占地面积 53023平方米
建筑设计 Snøhetta
建造日期 2019-2024
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