Studio 27 Architecture+ Leo A Daly JV | 美国哥伦比亚特区AYA住房

建筑外观© Hoachlander Davis Photography

AYA是美国华盛顿哥伦比亚特区新建的住房项目。该区制定了“庇护权”法，并发起倡议为所有居民提供经济适用的应急住所。AYA是一个短期家庭住房项目，能容纳50个家庭应急入住。项目不仅为这些家庭提供全方位服务，还设置了非盈利诊所，服务于入住居民及附近社区的居民。

The AYA is a new housing project built by the District of Columbia. The District has a “right to shelter” law and sponsors development initiatives to provide affordable and emergency housing for all residents. The AYA is a short-term family housing project serving fifty families in need of emergency shelter. The AYA provides wrap-around services for these families in addition to housing a non-profit clinic that serves residents and the greater local neighborhood.

该建筑设计符合以下三点：（1）场地位于皮埃尔·朗方原规划的主干道上（2）方案由小型居住单元组成（3）契合当地社区股东的需求。

The design of the building is a response to (1) a site situated on one of Pierre L’Enfant’s original arterial streets (2) a program consisting of small dwelling units and (3) the requests of the local neighborhood shareholders.

方案要求每层有7-10个住房单元，每层都要有社区活动室、洗衣设备、监测站、私人和家庭浴室。设计师们在每一层都增加了户外游戏区，这样就不用带孩子们下电梯去户外玩了。一楼的功能分区有餐厅、机房、检查室和行政区。

The program required seven to ten housing units per floor with community rooms, laundry facilities, monitoring stations, private and family bathrooms on each floor. The designers added outdoor play areas on each level to avoid taking children down the elevators to reach outdoor play. The ground floor includes a dining area, computer room, exam room, and administrative areas.

可以看到国会大厦景观的社区活动室© Hoachlander Davis Photography

餐厅© Hoachlander Davis Photography

前厅© Hoachlander Davis Photography

户外游戏区（6楼视野）© Hoachlander Davis Photography

每个楼层空间都用不同的标志性颜色组成，能够培养社区意识，也提高了每一层的辨识度、便于确定位置。

Each floor features a different organizing color to foster a sense of community and ease of orientation.

每层不同颜色的走廊© Hoachlander Davis Photography

每层不同颜色的走廊© Hoachlander Davis Photography

建筑的体块与特拉华大道西南景观相呼应。特拉华大道是皮埃尔·朗方规划的城市网格规划中的原始主干道。该建筑的逐层收进庙塔形式与现存的街道树冠相呼应，并且能让住宅单元获得最大的采光和视野。AYA的每个立面都是独一无二的，响应了环境：北立面全部采用玻璃，最大限度地从每层的社区活动室都能看到美国国会大厦；南立面充满活力，构成了社区卫生诊所的入口；东立面安稳安静，以应对邻近的住房（不被打扰的需求）；西立面呈阶梯式，为每个居住单元提供了屋前草坪。

The building’s massing responds to the view shed along Delaware Avenue SW. Delaware Avenue is an original arterial street in L’Enfant’s city grid. The ziggurat form of the building responds to the existing street tree canopy and allows for maximum daylighting and views from the dwelling units. Each elevation of the AYA is uniquely different as it responds to context. The North façade is all glass to maximize the view shed of the US Capitol from the community rooms on each floor. The dynamic South facade frames the entrance to the community health clinic. The East facade is sedate and calm in response to a neighboring housing project, the stepped West facade creates a front lawn for each unit.

新建筑的边界在原建筑范围内，场地北部的国家公园用地得以保留。这座新建筑的高度不超过东边即将修建的的兰道尔学校和西边国会大厦广场公寓大楼。项目的不同面分别设置了通往诊所和短期家庭住房的入口。该建筑旨在完善正在规划的西南天际线，为住户提供自然采光和城市景观，创造最佳的生活体验。

The boundaries of the new building stay within the existing buildings footprint, preserving the national park land to the north of the site. The new building yields in height to both the future Randall School Development to the East and Capitol Park Plaza Apartment building to the West. Care is taken to organize separate entrances to the Health Clinic and Short Term Family Housing on different faces of the building. The building is intended to complement the developing SW skyline while creating an optimal living experience for the tenants with natural lighting and views out to the city.

房间内部© Hoachlander Davis Photography

在很多方面，Aya为庇护所定义了新的范例。无家可归未必是暂时的经历，而可能持续很久。非极端情况下居民只需要在庇护所临时呆上一两天，极端的情况是长期无家可归，最极端的情况下，居民长期无家可归并患有残疾。几乎所有无家可归的人，都是因为负担不起住房费用，缺乏经济廉价的住房。Aya通过定义这种新型经济适用住宅，致力于从根源消除城市中无家可归这一现象。

In many ways, the Aya defines a new paradigm for the old housing shelter. Homelessness is not one experience – it is a continuum. At its least extreme are people that spend a day or two in the shelter system. At its most extreme are the chronically homeless, people who have been homeless for a long time and suffer from a disabling condition. Almost all instances of homelessness are a response to a deficiency of affordable housing opportunities. By defining a new type of affordable housing prototypes, the Aya works to eliminate the initial onset of homelessness in the City.

建筑外观© Hoachlander Davis Photography

项目图纸

总平面图 © Studio Twenty Seven Architecture + Leo A Daly JV

体量图© Studio Twenty Seven Architecture + Leo A Daly JV

地下一层平面图 © Studio Twenty Seven Architecture + Leo A Daly JV

二层平面图© Studio Twenty Seven Architecture + Leo A Daly JV

三层平面图© Studio Twenty Seven Architecture + Leo A Daly JV

四层平面图© Studio Twenty Seven Architecture + Leo A Daly JV

五层平面图l© Studio Twenty Seven Architecture + Leo A Daly JV

六层平面图© Studio Twenty Seven Architecture + Leo A Daly JV

七层平面图© Studio Twenty Seven Architecture + Leo A Daly JV

北立面图© Studio Twenty Seven Architecture + Leo A Daly JV

南立面图© Studio Twenty Seven Architecture + Leo A Daly JV

西立面图© Studio Twenty Seven Architecture + Leo A Daly JV

东立面图© Studio Twenty Seven Architecture + Leo A Daly JV

剖面图© Studio Twenty Seven Architecture + Leo A Daly JV

项目名称：AYA住房

项目位置：美国华盛顿哥伦比亚特区

建筑面积：53,005m²    

场地面积：24,187m²

建筑设计：Studio Twenty Seven Architecture | Leo A Daly Joint Venture

项目业主：District of Columbia

项目施工：Blueskye Construction

设计时间：2016.11-2017.12

施工时间：2018.3-2019.12

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