【预习】 仁爱版初中英语 九年级上册 Unit 1 Topic 3 知识汇总
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| in fact | [ɪn'fækt] | 事实上，其实= as a matter of fact |
| block | [blɒk] | n.街道（区）；（方形平面）大块 |
| artist | ['ɑːtɪst] | n.艺术家，（尤指）画家 |
| millions of | 大量；数以百万计 | |
| visitor | n.游客；来访者；参观者 | |
| industry | [ˈɪndəstri] | n.行业；工业 |
| chemistry | ['kemɪstri] | n.化学；化学物 |
| term | [tɜːm] | n.学期；词语；措辞 |
| program | ['prəʊgræm] | n.计划，方案；节目 |
| homeless | ['həʊmlɪs] | adj.无家的 |
| manage | [ˈmænɪdʒ] | v.完成；能解决;经营 |
| treatment | [ˈtriːtmənt] | n.疗法；治疗 |
| training | ['treɪnɪŋ] | n.训练，培训 |
| immediately | [ɪˈmiːdɪətli] | adv.立刻，立即 |
| secretary | [ˈsekrətri] | n.秘书 |
| helper | n.帮手，助手 | |
| club | [klʌb] | n.俱乐部 |
| engineer | [ˌendʒɪ'nɪə] | n.工程师；技师 |
| wound | [wuːnd] | n.创伤,伤口;v.伤,伤害 |
| basic | ['beɪsɪk] | adj.基本的，基础的 |
| human | ['hjuːmən] | adj.人的n.人=human beings |
| value | [ˈvæljuː] | v.重视，珍视n.价值 |
| period | [ˈpɪərɪəd] | n.一段时间，时期 |
| shelter | [ˈʃeltə] | n.收容所；遮蔽物 |
| earn | [ɜːn] | n.挣钱；挣得，赢得 |
| drug | [drʌɡ] | n.毒品；药，药物 |
| mental | [ˈment(ə)l] | adj.精神健康的；思想的 |
| on purpose | 故意，有意地 | |
| whatever | [wɒtˈevə] | pron.无论什么,不管什么 |
| effect | [ɪˈfekt] | n.影响，结果；效果 |
| steal | [stəʊl] | v.偷，窃取 |
| support | [səˈpɔːt] | v.帮助，援助；支持 |
| phrase | [freɪz] | n.短语，词组 |
| according to | 据······所说，按······所报道 | |
| context | n.上下文；语境；背景 | |
| laborer | n.体力劳动者,劳工,工人 | |
| cruel | [ˈkruːəl] | adj.残酷的，冷酷的 |
| project | [ˈprɒdʒekt] | n.专题研究;项目;方案 |
| aid | [eɪd] | [eɪd] |
| primary | [ˈpraɪməri] | adj.小学教育的；主要的； |
| contribution | [ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃən] | n.贡献；捐款 |
| moral | [ˈmɒr(ə)l] | adj.道德（上）的 |
| development | [dɪˈveləpmənt] | n.发展；开发 |
| respect | [rɪˈspekt] | v.尊敬，尊重 |
| importance | [ɪmˈpɔːt(ə)ns] | n.重要性，重要 |
| continue | [kənˈtɪnjuː] | v.持续，继续做 |
| college | [ˈkɒlɪdʒ] | n.(美国)大学;(英国)学院 |
| indeed | [ɪnˈdiːd] | adv.真正地；实际上 |
| method | [ˈmeθəd] | n.方法，办法 |
| teenager | [ˈtiːneɪdʒə] | n.青少年 |
| hardly | ['hɑːdli] | adv.几乎不 |
| plenty | [pliːzd] | pron.大量,众多,充足n.充足,大量 |
| sunshine | ['sʌnʃaɪn] | n.阳光，日光 |
| sunbathe | v.沐日光浴；晒太阳 | |
| beach | [biːtʃ] | n.海滩，海滨 |
| volleyball | [ˈvɒlɪˌbɔːl] | n.排球 |
| cultural | adj.文化的 | |
| surf | [sɜːf] | v.(互联网上)冲浪，浏览 |
p17-1a
p19-1a
p21-1a
Topic3 The world has changed for better.
重点短语：
1.on the phone 通过电话，在电话上
2.have/has been in…某人在某地待了长时间
3.get/be used to(doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事
4.used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
5.as a matter of fact/in fact事实上
6.show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb.给某人展示某物
7.homeless people 无家可归的人
8.live a normal/happy/hard life
过着一种正常的/幸福的/艰苦的生活
9.in need 在困难时，在贫困之中
10.decide to dosth.决定做某事
decide on sth. 决定某事
make a decision 做决定
11.offer sb.sth.=offer sth. to sb.给某人提供某物
12.medical treatment 医疗救助
13.provide sb.with sth.=provide sth. for sb.
为某人提供某物
14.feel good about oneself 自我感觉良好
15.change for the better 变得更好
16.get/be in trouble 陷入困境
17.pick up 捡起，(用车)接(人或物)
18.help sb. out 帮助某人摆脱困境
19.the cause of 导致……的原因
the result of ……的结果
the reason for ……的原因
20.on purpose 故意
21.have a problem with…有……问题
22.think of… as… 把……视为……
23.raise one’s children 抚养孩子
24.afford sth. for sb. 为某人支付/担负某物
afford to do sth. 担负得起做某事
25.make contributions to（doing）sth.
在(做)某事方面做出贡献
26.as a result 结果
27.without the help of… 没有……的帮助
28.millions of 数百万
29.according to 据……所说，按……所报道
30.plenty of 大量的
31.短暂性动词----延续性动词:
die---be dead
leave---be away (from)
come/become---be
join---be in/be a member of
buy---have
borrow---keep
open---be open
close---be closed
begin/start---be on
marry---be married
fall ill---be ill
词形转换：
1.visit v./n.参观,访问，游览
visitor n.参观者，来访者
2.chemical adj.化工的，化学的
chemistry n.化学，化学物质
3.homeless adj.无家的
homelessness n.无家可归
4.treat v.对待，治疗
treatment n.疗法,治疗
5.basic adj.基本的，基础的
base n.基础
6.important adj.重要的
importance n.重要性,重要
重点句型：
1.You have been in New York for a long time.
你已经在纽约待了很长时间了。
(考点：have/has been in 某人在某地待了多长时间
have/has been to 去过某地已经回来
have/has gone to 去了某地还没有回来)
2.The city has improved a lot since I came here a few years ago.
自从我几年前来到这儿，这个城市已经改善了很多。
（考点：现在完成时+since+一般过去时从句/时间点/时间段+ago
for+时间段)
3.You will get used to it very soon if you come.
如果你来你会很快习惯它的。
4.As a matter of fact, it’s a wonderful place to live.
事实上，这是一个居住的好地方。
(动词不定式to live 在此做place定语。但当动词不定式修饰的名词是place时，不定式后通常没有介词。)
5.You must come for a visit.
你一定要来参观。
6.Once they find people in need, they decide on suitable ways to offer them help.
一旦他们发现需要帮助的人们，他们会决定合适的方式为他们提供帮助。
(考点：once 一旦，引导时间状语从句)
7.How do you like/What do you think of living there?
你认为居住在那儿怎么样?
Unit 1 The changing world变化中的世界
Topic 3 The world has changed for the better
世界变得更加美好了
Section A
1a：(Helen and Bob are talking on the phone)（海伦和鲍勃正在打电话。）
You have been in new York for a long time. How do you like living there?你在纽约很时间了。你觉得住在那儿怎么样？
It’s great. I really love it. 好极了，我真的很喜欢。
But I heard that the local traffic was terrible and almost everyone drove too fast.但我听说当地的交通很糟糕，而且几乎每个人都开车太快。
Oh, you will get used to it very soon if you come. 噢，如果你来，你很快就会习惯的。
I also heard the streets were dirty. 我还听说街道很脏。
They used to be, but the city has improved a lot since I came here a few years ago. 过去是这样，但自从几年前我来到这儿之后，城市（面貌）已经改善了很多。
Isn’t it dangerous to live there? 难道住在那儿不危险吗？
Well, it was in the past, but it’s quite safe now. As a matter of fact, it’s a wonderful place to live. Near our block, there are beautiful parks, good schools, famous museums and excellent restaurants. And you can go to plays, concerts and operas every day if you like. You must come for a visit. Then you can see new York yourself. 噢，过去很危险，但现在很安全。事实上那是一个极好的居住地。在我们街区附近有美丽的公园，好的学校，著名的博物馆和豪华的饭店。如果你喜欢，你可以每天去看戏剧、欣赏音乐会和歌剧。你一定要来纽约参观，那样你可以亲自看一看纽约。
Section B
1a：What are you reading, Jane? 简，你在看什么?
I’m reading a newspaper from Canada. Martin showed me an interesting article. It is about a program that helps homeless people.我在看一份加拿大的报纸，马丁介绍了一篇很有趣的文章。它是关于救助无家可归的人的一个计划。
Are there homeless people in Canada? 加拿大有无家可归的人吗？
Oh, yes. Many countries have homeless people. The article says one city has a wonderful program. Since it started, it has helped hundreds of people return to work and live a normal life.噢，有。许多国家都有无家可归的人。这篇文章中写道有个城市有一个极好的计划。自从计划实施以来，已经帮助数以百计的人重返工作岗位，从而使他们过上正常的生活。
That sounds great! How do they manage it? 听起来好极了！他们是如何做的？
Well, once they find people in need, they decide on suitable ways to offer them help. 噢，他们一旦发现处在困境中的人，就选定适当的方式来给他们提供帮助。
Can the homeless people get enough food, homes and medical treatment? 无家可归的人能够获得充足的食物、住所和医疗吗？
Yes. And it’s not only that. The program also provides them with job training so that they can find jobs again. 是的，还不知这些。这个还向他们提供职业培训，以便他们能再次找到工作。
I think it is important for these people to feel good about themselves.我认为对于这些人来说自信心是很重要的。
You are right. The world has changed for the better. 你说对了。世界已经变得更加美好了。
Section C
One of the most basic human needs is a home. A home is a safe place. While most people around the world value their homes, there are many people in every country who are homeless.
Some people are homeless for a short period of time because they are moving from one place to another, and other people are not able to find a home. They must live on the streets or in a shelter.
There are many causes of homelessness. Sometimes people can not keep a home because they do not earn enough money, or because they do not have a job. Sometimes people are homeless because they have a problem with drugs or because they have a mental illness. No one is ever homeless on purpose.
Whatever the cause of homelessness is, the effects are the same. Homeless people must work very hard to live. They can not raise their children. Sometimes they must steal food just to eat. The government in every country has worked for many years to support the homeless but more needs to be done. We must think of the homeless as people, not just as problems.
人类最基本的需求之一是家。家是一个安全的地方。尽管世界上大多数人都珍视他们的家，但是每个国家却总有很多无家可归的人。
有些人只是短时间的无家可归，因为他们从一个地方搬到另一个地方，而其他的人没有能力找到家。他们必须住在街上或收容所。
有许多原因造成无家可归。有时不能养家是因为他们没有挣到足够的钱，或者因为他们没有工作。有时人们无家可归是因为他们存在毒品问题或是精神疾病。在任何时候都没有人想故意无家可归。
不管是什么原因造成了无家可归，其结果总是相同的。无家可归的人必须努力地维持生计。他们养不起孩子，有时他们必须偷东西吃。多年以来，每个国家的政府都在设法援助这些无家可归的人，但需要做的还很多。我们必须关心无家可归的人，而不是仅仅把无家可归视为（社会）问题。
Section D
Present Perfect (Ⅲ) 现在完成时(Ⅲ)
1. You have been in new York for a long time. 你在纽约很时间了。
2.The city has improved a lot since I came here a few years ago. 自从几年前我来到这儿之后，城市（面貌）已经改善了很多。
3. Since it started, it has helped hundreds of people return to work and live a normal life. 自从计划实施以来，已经帮助数以百计的人重返工作岗位，从而使他们过上正常的生活。
Functions功能
1.Oh, you will get used to it very soon if you come. 噢，如果你来，你很快就会习惯的。
2. As a matter of fact, it’s a wonderful place to live. 事实上那是一个极好的居住地。
3. You must come for a visit. 你一定要来参观.
4. Well, once they find people in need, they decide on suitable ways to offer them help. 噢，他们一旦发现处在困境中的人，就选定适当的方式来给他们提供帮助。
5. The program also provides them with job training so that they can find jobs again. 这个还向他们提供职业培训，以便他们能再次找到工作。
Project Hope
Project Hope is an education program to help students. It builds schools in the poorest parts of China and it helps poor families afford an education for their children.
Since Project Hope started in 1989, It has done very well. By 2012, Project Hope had raised 8.73 billion yuan. With this money, it has aided 4.5 million children to go to schools and it has built 18 002 Hope Primary Schools.
Project Hope has made important contributions to both the education and the health of children. For more than 20 years, Project Hope has encourage the moral development and modern thinking of students. As a result, the students in Hope schools respect their teachers, aid the poor, and help one another. Project Hope is the best-known and most successful education program in China. Without Project Hope, there is a risk that many children would have an unhappy future.
希望工程是一项帮助学生的教育事业。它在中国最贫困的地区建立学校，并且帮助贫困家庭担负孩子的教育费用。
希望工程自从1989年创办以来，成绩显著。到2012年，希望工程筹集的资金已有87.3亿元。希望工程用这些钱资助了450万名儿童上学，建立了18002所希望小学。
希望工程对儿童的教育和健康都作出了重大贡献。二十多年来，希望工程促进了学生的德育发展和现代意识。因此，希望工程的学生尊重老师，救助穷人，互相帮助。在中国，希望工程是最出名、最成功的教育事业。要是没有希望工程，很多儿童就可能不会有幸福的未来。
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