通过宏基因组学分析揭示与便秘相关的肠道微生物群组成和功能
通过宏基因组学分析揭示与便秘相关的肠道微生物群组成和功能
Unveilingthe gut microbiota composition and functionality associated with constipationthrough metagenomic analyses
Mancabelli et al. Scientific Reports (2017)
DOI 10.1038/s41598-017-10663-w
功能性便秘是一种发病率较高的胃肠道疾病,发病确切原因尚不清楚。越来越多的证据表明肠道微生物组成结构的改变会导致便秘症状。然而,文献中存在许多差异,目前还没有明确的功能性便秘与肠道微生物群组成之间的联系。
为了确定微生物群与便秘之间的相关性,我们对68例功能性便秘(FC)和79例健康受试者(HS)收集的147份粪便样本进行了基于16S rRNA的分析。
此外,为了更好地了解微生物群的作用及其对宿主的代谢影响,采用鸟枪元基因组分析对10个样本(5个FC和5个HS样本)随机次取样的肠道微生物群进行了重建和详细分析。
Abstract
Functionalconstipation (FC) is a gastrointestinal disorder with a high prevalence amongthe general population. The precise causes of FC are still unknown and are mostlikely multifactorial. Growing evidence indicates that alterations of gutmicrobiota composition contribute to constipation symptoms. Nevertheless, manydiscrepancies exist in literature and no clear link between FC andgut microbiotacomposition has as yet been identified. In this study, we performed 16 SrRNA-based microbial profiling analysis of 147 stool samples from 68 FCindividuals and compared their microbial profiles with those of 79 healthysubjects (HS). Notably, the gut microbiota of FC individuals was shown to bedepleted of members belonging to Bacteroides,Roseburia and Coprococcus 3. Furthermore, the metabolic capabilities of the gut microbiomes of fiveFC and five HS individuals were evaluated through shotgun metagenomics using aMiSeq platform, indicating that HS are enriched in pathways involved incarbohydrate, fatty acid and lipid metabolism as compared to FC. In contrast,the microbiomes corresponding to FC were shown to exhibit high abundance of genesinvolved in hydrogen production, methanogenesis and glycerol degradation. Theidentified differences in bacterial composition and metabolic capabilities mayplay an important role in development of FC symptoms.
研究对象:受试者均来自意大利。试验收集了79例健康对照(HS)和68例功能性便秘患者(FC)的共147例人体粪便样本。
入组条件:
年龄介于4岁至94岁(平均年龄42±22岁);
没有使用益生菌或益生元;
采样前一周内没有接受抗生素治疗或其它治疗(包括功能性便秘的专用药物,如泻药)
未患有急性或严重的肠道疾病,如溃疡性结肠炎(UC)、克罗恩病(Crohn 's disease)、急性炎症性肠病(IBD)、肠癌和肠炎;
功能性便秘患者符合ROME-III标准,即每周排便少于3次;
排除具有腹痛等典型IBS-C症状的功能性便秘患者。
研究方法:对比FC和HS的肠道微生物组成,寻找具有统计学意义的与便秘相关的微生物群落。此外,为了更好地了解微生物群落的作用及其对宿主的代谢影响,试验利用鸟枪法元基因组分析(shotgun metagenomic analysis)对10例样品(随机选取的5例FC和5例HS)的肠道菌群进行了重建和详细分析。
检测方法:16s rRNA V3区分析;元基因组分析。
研究结果:
对肠道微生物的分类分析并未发现与便秘相关的特定微生物生物标志物;
健康对照组(HS)与功能性便秘患者组(FC)的肠道微生物组成有明显差异。 HS样本显著表达Bacteroides, Roseburia和Coprococcus 3,而FC样本则检出更多的Faecalibacterium;
通过对微生物代谢途径的分析发现,功能性便秘患者组(FC)的微生物具有丰富的产氢、产甲烷和降解甘油的基因,而健康对照组(HS)的微生物则参与了碳水化合物和脂肪酸的代谢以及甲基乙醛的降解。这些代谢途径的改变似乎会影响功能性便秘及相关症状,从而凸显肠道微生物在维持宿主健康状态中发挥的关键功能作用。
Figure 2. Exploration of thediversity in HS and FC groups. The bar plot reportsonly genera with an absolute percentage difference between HS and FC averages>0.1% and a p-value < 0.05, evaluated by means of ANOVA statisticalanalysis. The table indicates the bacterial genera, the relative abundance and theprevalence of each group, the relative percentage difference and the p-value.
图2 探索健康对照组(HS)和功能性便秘患者组(FC)的多样性。柱状图只报告了HS和FC平均值之间绝对百分比差异大于0.1%和P值小于0.05的属,通过方差分析进行评估。表中列出了细菌的种类、相对丰度和各群体的患病率、相对百分比差异和P值。
Figure 3. Functionalcharacterization of FC and HS microbiomes. The barplot shows the relative difference between the average abundance in HS and FCsubjects of each pathway displaying ANOVA with p-value < 0.05.
图3 健康对照组(HS)和功能性便秘患者组(FC)微生物群的功能特征。柱状图显示了各个路径显示方差分析的HS和FC受试者的平均丰度之间的相对差异,p值<0.05。
知几未来研究院正在搭建一个“疾病-肠道菌群”知识库。
你可以在公众号对话框回复“IBD”或“肠易激综合征”,查看与疾病相关的菌群;
也可以回复“双歧杆菌”或“Hp”,查看与细菌相关的疾病。
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