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婴儿中与湿疹相关的肠道微生物群组成改变

知几学术 知几未来研究院 2022-01-16

婴儿中与湿疹相关的肠道微生物群组成改变

Altered Gut Microbiota Composition Associated with Eczema in Infants

Zheng et al. PLoS ONE (2016)

DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0166026


湿疹是一种慢性皮肤炎症性疾病,通常在婴儿期开始。它的流行率在世界范围内不断上升,在富裕社会中更为普遍。它主要在婴儿出生后的第一年发病(60%),影响多达30%的婴儿,而这种情况可能会持续到成年。


湿疹通常是特应性疾病的第一个表现。湿疹是过敏性疾病的最强预测因子之一。多达80%的湿疹儿童最终会在五年内出现变应性鼻炎或哮喘。根据其作用机制,湿疹可分为“特应性湿疹”(IgE介导)和“非特应性湿疹”(非特应性湿疹)。


湿疹婴儿肠道微生物群的多样性显著降低。与湿疹婴儿相比,非湿疹婴儿体内一些属于双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium)和乳酸杆菌属(Lactobacillus)的益生菌丰度更高(在1-3个月和12个月、2岁和5岁这几个时间点)。而湿疹婴儿早期生命中肠球菌属Enterococcus和志贺氏菌属(Shigella)的致病性细菌含量更高。


本研究旨在通过通过收集婴儿12-13个月时的粪便样本,比较健康婴儿和在出生第一年经历湿疹的婴儿肠道菌群的结构,并确定可能与湿疹相关的特定菌群。


Abstract


Eczema is frequently the first manifestation of an atopic diathesis and alteration in the diversity of gut microbiota has been reported in infants with eczema. To identify specific bacterial communities associated with eczema, we conducted a case-control study of 50 infants with eczema (cases) and 51 healthy infants (controls). We performed high-throughput sequencing for V3±V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA genes from the gut fecal material. A total of 12,386 OTUs (operational taxonomic units) at a 97% similarity level were obtained from the two groups, and we observed a difference in taxa abundance, but not the taxonomic composition, of gut microbiota between the two groups. We identified four genera enriched in healthy infants:Bifidobacterium, Megasphaera, Haemophilus and Streptococcus; and five genera enriched in infants with eczema:Escherichia/Shigella, Veillonella, Faecalibacterium, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis and Clostridium XlVa.Several species, such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Ruminococcus gnavus, that are known to be associated with atopy or inflammation, were found to be significantly enriched in infants with eczema. Higher abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila in eczematous infants might reduce the integrity of intestinal barrier function and therefore increase the risk of developing eczema. On the other hand, Bacteroides fragilis and Streptococcus salivarius, which are known for their anti-inflammatory properties, were less abundant in infants with eczema. The observed differences in genera and species between cases and controls in this study may provide insight into the link between the microbiome and eczema risk.


关键词:肠道微生物;湿疹;婴儿


研究对象:50名湿疹婴儿及51名健康婴儿


入组标准


1. 病例从一个出生队列中选取,该队列包括1400名孕妇,在妊娠前三个月在上海市闵行区妇幼保健院被招募;

2. 1048名孕妇诞下活婴,并对婴儿进行家访,并通过结构化问卷记录婴儿的湿疹病史;

3.母亲同意参与婴儿微生物群的研究(n=101);


实验方法:结构化问卷记录婴儿的湿疹病史,收集婴儿12-13个月大时的粪便样本。


检测方法: 16S rRNA 基因V3-V4区高通量测序。


研究结果


  1. 鉴定出健康婴儿肠道中的4个属的细菌富集:双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium)、巨型球菌属(Megasphaera)、链球菌属(Streptococcus)及嗜血杆菌属(Haemophilus);

  2. 鉴定出湿疹婴儿肠道中的5个属的细菌富集:埃希菌/志贺氏菌属(Escherichia/Shigella)、韦荣氏球菌属(Veillonella)、柔嫩梭菌属(Faecalibacterium)、毛螺菌属(Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis)、和梭菌属(Clostridium XlVa);

  3. 与特应性或炎症相关的细菌菌种在湿疹婴儿中富集,如普氏粪杆菌(Faecalibacterium prausnitzii)和Ruminococcus gnavus

  4. 湿疹婴儿体内高丰度的Akkermansia mucinilia菌可能会降低肠屏障功能的完整性,从而增加患湿疹的风险。

  5. 脆弱拟杆菌(Bacteroides fragilis)和唾液链球菌(Streptococcus salivarius)具有抗炎作用,在湿疹婴儿中这两种菌的丰度较低。


结论


本研究鉴定了湿疹婴儿和正常婴儿在肠道菌群在属和种上的差异,为湿疹与肠道菌群的相关性提供了新的见解。


Fig 1. Relative read abundance of different bacterial above a cutoff value of 3%. A: phylum levels; B: genus level. The outer circle represents gut microbiota of healthy infants, and the inner circle represents gut microbiota of eczematous infants.

图1. 不同细菌的相对丰度(高于3%的临界值)。A:门级;B:属级。外圆代表健康婴儿的肠道微生物群,内圆代表湿疹婴儿的肠道微生物群。



知几未来研究院正在搭建一个“疾病-肠道菌群”知识库

你可以在公众号对话框回复“IBD”或“肠易激综合征”,查看与疾病相关的菌群

也可以回复“双歧杆菌”或“Hp”,查看与细菌相关的疾病


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