儿童肠易激综合征患者胃肠道微生物群特征
Gastrointestinal Microbiome Signatures of Pediatric Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Saulnier et al Gastroenterology (2011)
DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2011.06.072
IF 20.773
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The intestinal microbiomes of healthy children and pediatric patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are not well defined. Studies in adults have indicated that the gastrointestinal microbiota could be involved in IBS.
METHODS: We analyzed 71 samples from 22 children with IBS (pediatric Rome III criteria) and 22 healthy children, ages 7–12 years, by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, with an average of 54,287 reads/stool sample (average 454 read length 503 bases). Data were analyzed using phylogenetic-based clustering (Unifrac), or an operational taxonomic unit (OTU) approach using a supervised machine learning tool (randomForest). Most samples were also hybridized to a microarray that can detect 8741 bacterial taxa (16S rRNA PhyloChip).
RESULTS: Microbiomes associated with pediatric IBS were characterized by a significantly greater percentage of the class γ-proteobacteria (0.07% vs 0.89% of total bacteria, respectively; P<.05); 1 prominent component of this group was Haemophilus parainfluenzae. Differences highlighted by 454 sequencing were confirmed by high-resolution PhyloChip analysis. Using supervised learning techniques, we were able to classify different subtypes of IBS with a success rate of 98.5%, using limited sets of discriminant bacterial species. A novel Ruminococcus-like microbe was associated with IBS, indicating the potential utility of microbe discovery for gastrointestinal disorders. A greater frequency of pain correlated with an increased abundance of several bacterial taxa from the genus Alistipes.
CONCLUSIONS: Using 16S metagenomics by PhyloChip DNA hybridization and deep 454 pyrosequencing, we associated specific microbiome signatures with pediatric IBS. These findings indicate the important association between gastrointestinal microbes and IBS in children; these approaches might be used in diagnosis of functional bowel disorders in pediatric patients.
关键词:16S rRNA;功能性腹痛;基因芯片;454焦磷酸测序。
成人研究表明,胃肠道微生物群可能与肠易激综合征有关,而健康儿童和儿童肠易激综合征(IBS)患者的肠道微生物群落尚未明确。腹痛作为儿童常见的疾病,占4至16岁儿童保健就诊的很大比例(约30%),而目前还没有对儿童人群进行前瞻性研究,以确定IBS患儿的亚组。
本研究的主要目的是探讨肠道微生物组组成差异与儿童复发性腹痛表型的潜在联系,试图通过探索特定细菌种类的相对丰度来完善儿童IBS亚型的特征。
研究对象:学龄儿童(7-12岁);22个IBS患者和22个健康儿童作为对照。
入组标准:符合IBS的儿科罗马III诊断标准的学龄儿童。排除标准包括采样后6个月内使用抗生素、益生菌和类固醇(口服或鼻吸入)。
实验方法:收集受试者粪便样品2-3次(间隔是2个月)分析其微生物组成,同时记录受试者两周内的腹痛和排便情况,包括每天3次腹痛评分、疼痛频率、排便时间、稠度以及有效的粪便形态,探讨肠道微生物组组成差异与儿童复发性腹痛表型的潜在联系。
检测方法:基于16S宏基因组测序,基因芯片DNA杂交和454焦磷酸测序。
研究结果:
通过454焦磷酸和16S宏基因组数据分析发现在IBS患儿中存在微生物疾病特征。健康儿童和IBS患儿肠道微生物的比较表明肠易激综合征患儿肠道菌群中γ-变形杆菌(γ-proteobacteria)类菌群所占比例显著增加;
在属水平,IBS患儿的特点是存在大比例的嗜血杆菌属(Haemophilus,γ- proteobacteria)和多尔氏菌属(Dorea)。基于V1-V3 区,IBS患者微生物的特点是真杆菌属(Eubacterium) 和 厌氧贪食菌属(Anaerovorax)相应的减少;
与454焦磷酸测序相比,基因芯片杂交得到了类似的结果,在IBS患者微生物群落中,其鉴定的细菌群更丰富。
微生物菌群分类与IBS患者腹痛发生率增加有关,患者按病史分为HM或LO疼痛表型(HM疼痛表型是每两周发作3次以上,LO疼痛表型是三次以下)。HM疼痛表型的儿童包含相对较多的另枝菌属(Alistipes)属中的4个不同类群。
此外,在儿童腹痛发作次数增加的病例中发现了阿克曼式菌属(Akkermansia)和副拟杆菌属(Parabacteroides)以及瘤胃菌科(Ruminococcaceae)。而LO表型的儿童更倾向于共生类群,包括拟杆菌属(Bacteroides),柔嫩梭菌属(Faecalibacterium),嗜血杆菌属和罗斯式菌属(Roseburia)。
利用随机森林(Random Forest)算法通过肠道远端微生物群落的微生物组成分析实现了IBS亚型分类,准确率高达98.5%。IBS-C亚型以54个OTUs的相对丰度为特征,IBS-U组以70个OTUs的相对丰度为特征。促进这两种IBS亚型分类的OTU大多数都属于属或门,如拟杆菌属,瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus),毛螺菌科(Lachnospiraceae Incertae Sedis),韦荣氏球菌属(Veillonella)和韦荣球菌门(Erysipelotrichaceae)。
结论:
通过454焦磷酸和16S宏基因组分析,我们将特定的微生物群特征与儿科IBS建立起了相关性。这些发现表明了儿童胃肠道微生物与肠易激综合征之间的重要联系;这些方法可用于小儿功能性肠疾病的诊断。
Figure1. Global phylogenetic tree comparing the intestinal microbiomes of healthy children and children with IBS. Phylogenetic tree was generated using Quantitative Insight Into Microbial Ecology and drawn with iTOL, including data from 22 healthy children (69 samples) and 22 children with IBS (71 samples). Map colored by phyla (exterior text), patient status (IBS, light red; healthy, light green), and family (inset). Data were generated by 454 pyrosequencing (V1-V3 region).
图1. 全球系统发育树比较健康儿童和IBS儿童的肠道微生物群。利用对微生物生态学的定量分析构建系统发育树,并使用iTOL绘制,数据来自22名健康儿童(69个样本)和22名IBS儿童(71个样本)。用彩色标记门(外部文字),患者状态(IBS,浅红色;健康,浅绿色),家庭(插图)。数据来源于454焦磷酸测序(V1-V3区域)。
知几未来研究院正在搭建一个“疾病-肠道菌群”知识库。
你可以在公众号菜单栏“学术工具“版块直接查阅疾病和肠道菌群的相关信息;
也可以在公众号对话框回复疾病名称,如“IBD”或“肠易激综合征”,查看与疾病相关的菌群;
或回复菌种名称,如“双歧杆菌”或“Hp”,查看与细菌相关的疾病。
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