指引 | Congratulations on your release from hospital, and be smart
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出院患者，回家方式有讲究
Congratulations on your release from hospital, and be smart!
一、广州市出院患者有哪些管理措施？
How are COVID-19 patients released from hospital managed in Guangzhou?
根据国家和广东省有关工作指引和要求，广州市对出院患者采取了康复随访措施，包括：
According to the national and provincial guidance and requirement, COVID-19 patients released from hospital in Guangzhou will be carefully followed up.01
出院后继续集中医学观察，即出院后患者继续留院或在指定医院，进行为期14天的集中隔离观察。
COVID-19 patients who were released from hospital are required to go on a 14-day quarantine in the same hospital or another designated hospital for medical observation.
02
隔离观察期间，规范开展随访、检测。出院患者在隔离观察期间，疾控中心定期采集患者鼻咽拭子和肛拭子进行新冠病毒核酸检测。核酸检测阳性的患者，或出现临床症状的患者，立即到定点医院继续治疗。
The patients will be followed up during the medical observation period. CDC staff will regularly collect nasopharyngeal swabs and anal swabs from the patients and conduct nucleic acid testing for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. If the test result is positive, or if the patient develops clinical symptoms again, he/she will be sent back to the designated hospital for treating COVID-19 patients.
二、患者回家后要注意什么？
What should the patients pay attention to after going back home?
新冠肺炎虽然被治愈，但是过程中患者身体经历了巨大的考验，患者出院后，即使隔离观察后，机体免疫功能仍相对低下，有感染其他疾病的风险。因此以下几个方面需注意：The patients have just gone through a really hard time. They are still vulnerable to many other diseases since their immunity is low even after release from hospital or medical observation. Thus the patients should follow the rules listed below.
01
“安静”回家，避免亲朋好友聚集，减少与家人的密切接触。可以通过微信、电话等方式和大家交流和分享。
Go home ‘quietly’. Avoid gathering with relatives and friends. Avoid close contact with the family. Communicate with others via WeChat and phone calls.
02
家里注意通风，勤洗手，保证充足的睡眠和适量身体活动。
Maintain proper ventilation at home. Wash hands frequently. Get adequate sleep and do moderate exercise.
03
减少外出活动，外出戴口罩，尽量避免去人群聚集的场所。
Minimize outdoor activities. Correctly wear a mask when having to go out. Avoid crowed places.
04
注意营养，保持能量充足，多吃新鲜蔬菜和水果。食欲较差进食不足者、老年人及慢病患者，可以通过营养强化食品或营养素补充剂，适量补充蛋白质和维生素（B族维生素，维生素A、维生素C、维生素D等）
Pay attention to nutrition. Ensure adequate energy intake. Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits. Individuals who have insufficient intake of food and water due to poor appetite, the elderly and the chronically ill may be given nutrient fortified complementary food or nutrient supplements to replenish protein and vitamin B, A, C and D.
In the hospital, the medical staff will protect you. At home, you are solely responsible for protecting yourself.
三、出院后“复阳”到底是怎么回事？还会传染吗？
Some patients released from hospital after initial recovery have tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2 for a second time. What does it mean exactly? Would such patients transmit the virus to others?
“复阳”是指出院后，部分患者病毒核酸检测再次阳性的现象。究其原因，存在着多种可能，例如病例间歇性排毒、采样问题、检测手段可能并不十分准确，或者试剂盒的敏感度不同。同时，我们对新型冠状病毒的认识还有限，例如它在肠道粪便里有残余，还会不会再传染其他人，都有待进一步观察和探索。
There are many reasons behind this. The virus might be intermittently shed which leads to falsely negative test result. The sampling and laboratory testing methods and the sensitivity of the laboratory test kit for SARS-CoV-2 will also impact the accuracy of nucleic acid testing. Our understanding of the disease is still limited. We can't draw an absolute conclusion at present as to whether the patients with residual SARS-CoV-2 in the feces would continue to transmit the virus to others. We have to continue to observe closely and study carefully.实际上，出院病人通过减少与家人的密切接触，减少外出活动等等，即使还有传染性，也大大减少了传播给其他人的几率。同时，广州市目前对出院病人已全部落实集中隔离观察2周以上措施，出院病人即使还有传染性，该措施也切断了传播途径。
In fact, even if such patients are still contagious, their risk of transmitting the virus to others will be significantly reduced if they avoid close contact with the family and outdoor activities. At present, COVID-19 patients released from hospital after initial recovery in Guangzhou are isolated and kept under medical observation for another 14 days. This measure would cut the transmission route thoroughly.
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编辑：洁妹 责编：邹向东
来源 | 广州疾控i健康
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