Focus on Germany 19 | Public Holidays in Germany 德国的公共假日

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New Year's Day (Neujahrstag): January 1 

元旦：1月1日

The first day of the modern Gregorian and Julian calendar is a public holiday in Germany. Schools and businesses are closed on this day.

现代公历和儒略历的第一天，是德国的公共假日。学校和企业在这一天都会停学停产。

Epiphany (Heilige Drei Könige) – Regional Holiday: January 6

主显节（区域性节日）：1月6日

This is a public holiday in the states of Baden-Wuerttemberg, Bavaria, and Saxony-Anhalt, and many businesses, banks, and stores are closed on this day. It is also known as the 'Three Kings Day' and it is a major Christian celebration alongside Easter and Christmas. It marks the official end of Christmas, it is the day when the three wise men arrived in Bethlehem with gifts for baby Jesus.

巴登-伍尔滕贝格、巴伐利亚和萨克森-安哈尔特州的公共假日，在这一天许多企业、银行和商店都停业。它也被称为“三圣节”，是基督教除复活节和圣诞节外的一个重要庆祝活动。主显节标志着圣诞节的正式结束，这是三位智者带着礼物来到伯利恒给小耶稣的日子。

Good Friday (Karfreitag)  耶稣受难节

Good Friday is a public holiday in every German state, which marks the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. It is celebrated just two days before Easter Sunday.

耶稣受难日是所有德国州的公共假日，它标志着耶稣基督受难。复活节前两天庆祝。

Easter Monday (Ostermontag)

复活节星期一

Easter Monday is an annual public holiday. It follows the Good Friday and Easter Sunday, thus marking the resurrection of Jesus Christ. It falls on different dates every year and many businesses and services are closed on this day. In Germany, it is celebrated with various local customs as the candle-lit parade and egg races.

复活节星期一是一年一度的公共假日。在耶稣受难日和复活节的星期日之后，耶稣基督复活了。每年日期不一定相同，许多企业和服务都在这一天关闭。在德国，人们举行烛光游行和彩蛋比赛，以各种当地习俗庆祝。

Labor Day (Maifeiertag): May 1

劳动节：5月1日

Labor Day, also known as International Worker's Day is an official holiday in Germany. This is a day which celebrates workers and their contribution to society.

劳动节，又称国际劳动节，是德国的法定节日，是庆祝工人及其对社会的贡献的日子。

Mother's Day (Muttertag) 母亲节

Mother's Day in Germany is an event celebrated on the second Sunday of May, so it falls on a different date each year. Flowers, gifts, and chocolates are among the most common gifts of this day. It was a tradition to honor mothers with a medal until WW II, for bringing forth children.

在德国，母亲节是在5月的第二个星期日举行的一个活动，所以每年的日期都不尽相同。鲜花、礼物和巧克力是母亲节最常见的礼物之一。在第二次世界大战之前的传统是给母亲们颁发勋章，因为她们了抚养孩子。

Ascension Day (Christi Himmelfahrt)  耶稣升天节

Ascension Day is a religious holiday celebrated 40 days after Easter. In Germany, it is also marked as Father's Day or Men's Day, since back to the XVIII century, fathers received gifts after the parades of Ascension Day.

升天日是复活节后40天庆祝的宗教节日。在德国，它也被标记为父亲节或男人节，其历史可追溯到十八世纪。父亲们在升天日游行后会收到礼物。

Whit Monday (Pfingstmontag)

圣灵降临节

Whit Monday, also known as Pentecost Monday is celebrated fifty days after Easter, and it is the final holiday of this season. The day is celebrated through special spring festivals and church service.

圣灵降临节，也被称为五旬节，是庆祝复活节后50天，这是这个季节的最后一个节日。这一天是通过特殊的春节和教堂仪式来庆祝的。

June: Corpus Christi (Fronleichnam)

基督圣体节

The Feast of Corpus Christi takes place 60 days after Easter Sunday and dates back to the second half of the thirteenth century. On this day many Germans attend the church service, where special attention is paid to the sacrament's blessing which consists of only bread or wafers. It is celebrated in Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, Hessen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland, and some local authorities in Saxony and Thuringia.

基督圣体节在复活节后60天举行，可追溯到13世纪后半叶。在这一天，许多德国人参加教堂仪式，特别关注圣礼的祝福，圣礼只包括面包或薄饼。它是巴登-符腾堡州、巴伐利亚、黑森州、北莱茵-威斯特伐利亚、莱茵兰-帕拉蒂纳特、萨尔州以及萨克森州和图林根州的一些地方的节日。

Peace Festival: August 8

和平节：8月8日

Peace Festival in Germany is celebrated on August 8 every year. It is marked in commemoration of 1629's ban on protestants from practicing their religion in Augsburg, the German state of Bavaria. Therefore, it is a public holiday only in Bavaria and not the rest of Germany.

德国的和平节每年8月8日举行。这是为了纪念1629年禁止新教徒在德国巴伐利亚州奥格斯堡进行宗教活动。因此，这是一个只有在巴伐利亚州，而不是德国其他地方的公共假日。

Assumption Day (Maria Himmelfahrt): August 15

圣母升天日：8月15日

Assumption Day is an important day of the Christian religion. It is a feast that commemorates the departure of Mary from this life and also the assumption of her body into heaven. In Germany, it is celebrated by Saarland and some local authorities in Bavaria.

圣母升天日是基督教的一个重要日子。在这个节日人们举行盛宴以纪念圣母玛丽离开这个世界，以及她的身体进入天堂。在萨尔州和巴伐利亚州的一些地方当局庆祝它。

Day of German Unity (Tag der Deutschen Einheit): October 3

德国统一日：10月3日

The Day of German Unity is a national holiday which commemorates the German reunification in 1990 after the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989. This day is celebrated with a festival around the Brandenburg Gate. Activities like horseback riding, karaoke, dice games, theatre performances, merry-go-rounds, etc., are organized to mark this event. The national celebrations are hosted by a different German city each year.

德国统一日始于1990年，是纪念1989年柏林墙倒塌后德国统一的国庆节。这个节日围绕勃兰登堡门来庆祝。人们组织骑马、卡拉OK、骰子游戏、戏剧表演、旋转木马等活动来纪念这一节日。全国性的庆祝活动每年都由不同的德国城市举办。

Reformation Day (Reformationstag): October 31

宗教改革日：十月三十一日

This is celebrated in Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and parts of Thuringia.

这是勃兰登堡，梅克伦堡-西波美拉尼亚，萨克森，萨克森安哈尔特和图林根州的一部分的节日。

Reformation Day is a Protestant Christian religious holiday in Germany, celebrated on October 31, in commemoration of Martin Luther's Reformation movement of XVI century. According to history on this day 1517, Luther nailed his famous 95 Theses at a church door, in which he expressed his concerns over corruption in the Catholic church.

宗教改革日是基督教新教的一个节日，每年10月31日举行，以纪念十六世纪马丁路德的改革运动。根据历史记载，1517年的这一天，路德把他的95篇著名论文钉在了一个教堂的门上，表达他对天主教会腐败的担忧。

All Saints' Day (Allerheiligen): November 1

万圣节：11月1日

All Saints' Day is a Christian holiday in Germany devoted to remembering and praying for the departed believers. Aside from church services people also lit candles and decorate the graves of their beloved ones with flowers and wreaths. Families also gather together for meals. It is celebrated in Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, North Rhine-Westphalia, Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland and parts of Thuringia.

万圣节是德国的一个基督教节日，纪念逝者和为之祈祷。除了教堂服务外，人们还通过点蜡烛，用鲜花和花环装饰他们所爱的人的坟墓来纪念。家人们也会在一起吃饭。它是巴登- 符腾堡州、巴伐利亚、北莱茵威斯特伐利亚、莱茵兰帕拉蒂纳、萨尔州，和图林根的部分地区举行-。

Day of Prayer and Repentance (Buß-und-Bettag): November 20

祈祷和忏悔日：11月20日

Day of Prayer and Repentance is celebrated on the last Wednesday before November. From 1990 to 1994 it was a public holiday for the whole of Germany, which the German people exchanged it for health insurance improvements. However, now it is a public holiday only in the state of Saxony in Germany. The idea of the event is that Protestant Christians pray or reflect in order to find again the way to God. 

祈祷和忏悔日是在11月前的最后一个星期三。从1990年到1994年，它是全德国的公共假日，德国人民用它来换取医疗保险的改善。然而，现在它只是德国萨克森州的一个公共假日。这个活动的理念是，新教基督徒祈祷或忏悔，以便再次找到通往上帝的道路。

Christmas Day (Weihnachtstag): December 25

圣诞节：12月25日

Christmas Day is a public holiday in Germany and is celebrated on December 25. The German traditions of this day are similar to those around the globe. The colorful German Christmas market is among these traditions together with Santa, the decorated tree, and special dishes.

圣诞节是德国的一个公共假日，在12月25日庆祝。今天的德国传统与世界各地的相似。丰富多彩的德国圣诞市场与圣诞老人、装饰过的圣诞树和特色菜一起，是这个节日的传统。

Boxing Day / St. Stephen's Day (Stephanstag): December 26

节礼日/圣斯蒂芬节：12月26日

Boxing Day in Germany is celebrated on December 26, just a day after Christmas. It is also called St Stephan's day who was the first Christian martyr, convicted of blasphemy against Moses and God.

德国的节礼日是在圣诞节后的一天，即12月26日。这也被称为圣斯蒂芬节，他是第一个基督教烈士，被判亵渎摩西和上帝。