Japan Series 日本系列 12 | Best Japanese Shrines and Temples
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When traveling to Japan, the Shrines and Temples are one of the major sightseeing spots. There are many of them but below I will show some of the best to visit when you are in Japan. Let’s start with Ise Jingu Shrine.
前往日本时，神社和寺庙是主要观光景点之一。其中有很多，但是下面我将讨论一些在日本旅行时最好的景点。让我们从伊势神宫开始。
Ise Jingu Shrine 伊势神宫
Ise Jingu is one of the most important and holiest sites in Japan. It has two main shrines, the Naiku (Inner Shrine)- devoted to Amaterasu-ōmikami (Solar Goddess and ancestral deity of the Imperial family) and Geku (Outer Shrine)-devoted to Toyouke (the deity of food, housing and clothing). One of the three sacred treasures of Japan, the Sacred Mirror is preserved in Naiku. The Shikinen sengu is the name of the ritual that happens every 20 years. During the ceremony, the buildings of the two main shrines and bridges are rebuilt. The deities of the two main shrines are relocated to the new buildings. The last ceremony was held in 2013.
伊势神宫是日本最重要，最神圣的景点之一。它有两个主要的神社，即专门供奉天照女神（Amaterasu-ōmikami）（皇室的祖先神像）的内宫（Naiku）和专门为丰受大神（食品，住房和衣服之神）专用的外宫（Geku）。日本的三大圣宝之一，《圣镜》保存在内宫。Shikinen sengu是每20年发生一次的仪式。仪式期间会重建两个主要神社和桥梁的建筑物。两座神社的神们会被迁至新建筑。上一届典礼于2013年举行。
Meiji Jingu Shrine 明治靖国神社
Meiji-Jingu (Meiji Shrine) was built in 11 years from 1915 to 1926 and it was dedicated to the divine souls of Emperor Meiji and his wife Empress Shoken. It is Tokyo’s most famous Shinto shrine.
明治靖国神社建于1915年至1926年，供奉明治天皇及其夫人Shoken皇后的神灵。它是东京最著名的神道教圣地。
Itsukushima Shrine 严岛神社
Itsukushima Shrine and Miyajima Island are recognized as one of the three most scenic spots in Japan and is designated a World Heritage Site. The shrine is in honor of the Shinto god of the sea and storms. One of the main attractions of the shrine is the submerged Torii.
严岛神社和宫岛被是日本三大风景名胜之一，被指定为世界遗产。这座神社是为了纪念神道教的海与风暴神。其主要景点之一是水中的鸟居。
Toshugu Shrine东照宫
Toshogu Shrine was built to enshrine the founder of Tokugawa Shogunate that governed Japan for over 250 years, Tokugawa Leyasu. He is enshrined as the deity Tosho Daigongen which means "Great Deity of the East Shining Light". Toshogu has both Shinto and Buddhist elements. It is one of the World Heritage sites in Nikko.
东照宫建立为了纪念统治日本250多年的德川幕府的创始人Tokugawa Leyasu。他被尊为“东照大神”（Tosho Daigongen）。东照宫具有神道教和佛教元素。它是日光的世界遗产之一。
Kumano Nachi Taisha 熊野那智大社
Kumano Nachi Taisha is a Shinto shrine located at Mt.Nachisan, where monks practice Shugendo (a mixed religion incorporating both foreign and native beliefs). It is also one of the major pilgrimage destinations of the Kumano Kodo, and a sacred site on the Kii Peninsula together with the Hayatama Taisha and the Hongu Taisha. All three are World Heritage sites. A few metres from the shrine; you can see the Nachi-no-Otaki, the highest waterfall in Japan. The Japanese ancestors long before idolised the Nachi-no-Otaki and considered it a holy and sacred site.
熊野那智大社（Kumano Nachi Taisha）是位于位于纳吉山的神道圣地，僧侣在那里修行修道堂（一种融合了外国和本地信仰的混合宗教）。它也是熊野古道的主要朝圣目的地之一，与Hayatama大社和Hongu大社一起在基伊半岛上的圣地。这三个都是世界遗产。离神社几米；您可以看到日本最高的瀑布《Nachi no Otaki》。日本的祖先很久以前很崇拜该瀑布，并认为它是一个圣洁和神圣的地方。
Fushimi Inari Taisha 伏见稻荷大社
Fushimi Inari Taisha is the main shrine of all the Inari shrines in Japan, it was built in 711 A.D. and is devoted to the deity Inari-Okami. The entire mountain has a combination of large and small Toriis and pathways leading to small shrines.
伏见稻荷大社是日本所有稻荷大社的主要神社，是在711年专门为神稻荷大神建的。整个山峰有大小的鸟居和通向小神社的小路。
Taikodani Inari Shrine 太鼓谷稻成神社
Taikodani Inari was built in the 18th century near the Tsuwano Castle and serves as a protection against evil spirits. Even in the present day, people pay their respect and pray for a good harvest, health, and good luck.
太鼓谷稻成神社（Taikodani Inari Shrine）建于18世纪，在Tsuwano城堡附近，可抵御邪灵。即使在进年，人们还是会往哪去表达敬意，并祈求丰收、健康和好运。
Heian Shrine 平安神宫
Heian Shrine was built for the foundation of Kyoto in honor of two late emperors, Emperor Kammu (737-806) and Emperor Komei (1831-1867).
平安神宫标志着京都的建立，它主要是为了纪念两个已故的皇帝Kammu皇帝（737-806）和Komei皇帝（1831-1867）。
Atsuta Shrine 热田神宫
Atsuta Jingu is an important shrine devoted to Amaterasu (The Sun goddess). It is where one of the three sacred treasures of Japan, the Kusanaga sword, is kept and hidden from public display.
热田神社是一个重要为太阳女神阿玛泰拉苏（Amaterasu）建的神殿。它是日本三大宝藏之一的贵霜宝剑的藏地之处，这个宝剑不被公开展示。
Izumo Taisha 出云大社
Izumo Taisha shrine is one of the oldest shrines in Japan. It is also known for the largest shimenawa (a rope made of straw used for purification in Shinto religion), usually found at all shrines.
出云大社是日本最古老的神社之一。它也以最大的shimenawa（神道教信仰中用于净化的稻草制成的绳索）而闻名，这个绳索通常在所有神社中都能看到。
Dazaifu Tenmangu Shrine 太宰府天满宫
Dazaifu Tenmangu shrine is dedicated to Sugawara Michizane, a devoted and well- known scholar, loyal and a high-ranking government official. Initially, he served the Emperor loyally but in later years was exiled in Dazaifu due to his involvement in a conspiracy. After Michizane died, the country experienced natural calamities, which the people thought was his wrath brought on by the injustice he experienced. The shrine is built near his grave. The Dazaifu Tenmangu has many visitors especially students praying for good luck in exams.
太宰府天满宫（Dazaifu Tenmangu）神社供奉道真《Sugawara Michizane》，他是一位虔诚而著名的学者，忠实的政府高级官员。最初，他忠实地服务于皇帝，但后来因参与阴谋而被流放到太宰府。道真（Michizane）死后，该国经历了自然灾害，人们认为这是因他所经历的不公正所带来的愤怒。神社建在他的坟墓附近。太宰府天满宫有很多来访者，特别是为考试而祈求好运的学生。
Sensoji 浅草寺
This is the oldest known Buddhist temple in Tokyo dates back to 628 AD and is where the Bodhisattva Kannon deity (Goddess of Mercy and Compassion) is enshrined. The Sensoji Temple is one of the most important temples in Tokyo and the most visited temple during New Year’s Day.
这是东京已知的最古老的佛教寺庙，可追溯到公元628年，是供奉观音菩萨的地方。这座神寺是东京最重要的寺庙之一，也是元旦期间游客最多的寺庙。
Kotoku-in
Kotoku-in is famous for being one of Japan’s national treasures which is of course, The Great Buddha. The statue stands 11.3 meters tall and weighs 121 tones. Buddhists sects from Japan and around the world visit the statue to offer prayers to the Great Buddha.
Kotoku-in因其是日本的国宝之一《大佛》而闻名。该雕像高11.3米，重121吨。来自日本和世界各地的佛教教徒为大佛祈祷前往该该地。
Kinkaku-ji 鹿苑寺
Kinkakuji is a Zen Buddhist temple and listed as a UNESCO World heritage site. It serves as a leading symbol of Kitayama culture during the Muromachi period.
鹿苑寺是一座佛教禅寺，被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。它是室町时期北山文化的主要象征。
Kiyomizu-dera 清水寺
Kiyomizu-dera (The Pure Water Temple), founded in 778 is one of the most popular and celebrated temples in Kyoto. The main part of the temple is the Kiyomizu stage, where the Eleven Headed and Thousand-Armed Kannon Bodhisattva are enshrined. The main hall, bell tower, Nio gate, three story pagoda, and west gate are national treasures.
清水寺建于778年，是京都最受欢迎的寺庙之一。它的的主要部分是其供奉着十一头和千臂观音菩萨。其主殿，钟楼，尼奥门，三层宝塔和西门是国宝。
Nanzen-ji 南禅寺
Nanzenji is a Zen Buddhism temple and one of the five great Zen temples in Kyoto. It belongs to the Rinzai Sect-Nanzenji School of Zen Buddhism. This temple is located in the foothills of the Higashiyama Mountains. Apart from the main temple; there are 13 small temples inside this complex.
南禅寺是一座禅宗佛教寺庙，也是京都五座伟大的禅宗寺庙之一。它属于禅宗佛教临济宗-南禅寺学派。该神庙位于东山山麓。除了主庙；这个建筑群内有13个小庙宇。
Tofukuji 东福寺
Tofukuji is one of the five great Zen Temples of Kyoto. It is the chief temple Tofukuji branch of the Rinzai sect of Zen Buddhism. This temple is specially known for its brightly coloured autumn foliage.
东福寺是京都五座伟大的禅宗寺庙之一。它是禅宗临济宗的主要寺庙Tofukuji分支。这个寺庙以其鲜艳的秋叶而闻名。
Tenryuji 天龙寺
Tenryuji (Heavenly Dragon Temple) was established by Ashikaga Takauji and dedicated to Emperor Go-Daigo. The temple played an important role in Japan’s trade history with China, allowing it to raise funds for its completion. It is one of the five greatest Zen temples of Kyoto, recognised as a World Heritage site and is the main headquarters of the Rinzai School of Zen Buddhism.
天龙寺是由足利孝治建立的，专门供奉五大皇帝。这座寺庙在日本与中国的贸易历史中发挥了重要作用，使它能够筹集资金以完成这座寺庙。它是京都五大禅宗寺庙之一，它是世界遗产也是临济禅宗佛教的主要总部。
Enryakuji 延历寺
The Enryakuji temple, Shiga Enryakuji is based at the summit of Mt. Hiei (the sacred mountain) and is considered the most sacred sites for Buddhists alongside the temples in Koyasan. It is listed as World Cultural Heritage Site containing national treasures and important cultural properties.
延历寺位于比睿山（神圣的山）的山顶，被认为是高野山寺庙旁边佛教徒最神圣的地方。它被列为世界文化遗产，它还包含国宝和重要文化财产。
Horyuji 法隆寺
Horyuji is one of the great temples of Nara and is regarded as a landmark in Japanese history. It is the oldest existing Buddhist temple in Japan. Horyuji became the first national treasure listed as a World Heritage site in 1993. The western part of the temple, contains the Kondo (main hall), Goju-no-To (a five storied pagoda) – the oldest wooden building in the world. The eastern part’s most remarkable building is the Yumedono (Hall of Dreams), dedicated to Prince Shotoku.
法隆寺是奈良的一座大寺庙，被认为是日本历史上的一个里程碑。它是日本现存最古老的佛教寺庙。1993年，和田成为第一批被列为世界遗产的国宝。寺庙的西面，有近藤（大殿）、五层塔（五层塔）——世界上最古老的木制建筑。东部最引人注目的建筑是尤梅多诺（梦之殿），是为肖托库王子建造的。
Todaiji 东大寺
Todaiji is one of the Seven Great Temples of Nara, established by Emperor Shomu in the 8th century. The main worship hall, known as Daibutsuden, is the largest wooden structure in the world where you can find the Daibutsu (Great Buddha). The Great Buddha is one of the largest Buddha’s in Japan. Made of copper and bronze weighing 500 tonnes, it stands over 15 metres tall. The temple is a World Heritage Site.
东大寺是奈良七大神庙之一，由八武天皇在八世纪建立。主要的礼拜堂称为大佛堂（Daibutsuden），是世界上最大的木制结构，这里还有大佛堂。大佛是日本最大的佛像之一。它由重达500吨的铜和青铜制成，高15米。这座寺庙是世界遗产。
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