新概念英语第二册 lesson 9全解析

Lesson 9——A cold welcome

课文内容：

On Wednesday evening, we went to the Town Hall. It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered² under the Town Hall clock. It would strike³ twelve in twenty minutes' time. Fifteen minutes passed and then, at five to twelve, the clock  stopped. The big minute hand did not move. We waited and waited, but nothing happened. Suddenly someone shouted, ‘It's two minutes past twelve! The clock  has stopped!" I looked at my watch. It was true. The big clock refused to welcome the New Year. At that moment, everybody began to laugh and sing.

Notes on the text 课文注释

1  Town Hall , 市政厅，地方政府办公之处。

2  a large crowd of…，一大群……。

3  in twenty minutes'time, 20分钟之后。

参考译文

星期三的晚上，我们去了市政厅。那是一年的最后一天，一大群人聚集在市政厅的大钟下面。再过20分钟，大钟将敲响12下。15分钟过去了，而就在11点55分时，大钟停了。那根巨大的分针不动了。我们等啊等啊，可情况没有变化。突然有人喊道：“已经12点零2分了！那钟已经停了！”我看了一下我的手表，果真如此。那座大钟不愿意迎接新年。此时，大家已经笑了起来，同时唱起了歌。

　　自学导读

1．…a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock. ……一大群人聚集在市政厅的大钟下面。
had gathered为过去完成时，表示过去某个时刻之前已经完成的动作。（cf. 第14课语法）
2．It would strike twelve in twenty minutes' time. 再过20分钟，大钟将敲响12下。
（1）这句话的时态为过去将来时。
（2）in+表示时间长度的短语可译为“……时间之后”，一般与将来时连用：
Please wait a moment here. Jack⁴ will be back in a few minutes.
请在此稍候。杰克几分钟之后就回来。
（3）strike的基本含义是“打”、“击”：
She struck⁵ the man in the face.
她打了那人的脸。
当用于钟、乐器等东西时，它有“敲”、“弹”的含义：
When I entered the room, the clock struck five.
我进屋时，钟敲响了5点。
3．We waited and waited, but nothing happened. 我们等啊等啊，可情况没有变化。
动词 happen作“发生”、“出现”讲时，主语是物：
Have you heard what happened to Sam this morning?
你听说今天上午萨姆发生了什么事了吗？
An interesting thing happened last night.
昨晚发生了一件有趣的事。
4．The big clock refused to welcome the New Year. 那座大钟不愿意迎接新年。
这句话中的两个动词 refuse和welcome在一般情况下主语都是人。我们可以说：
Susan's friends welcomed her with flowers when she returned from abroad.
苏珊从国外回来时，她的朋友们用鲜花欢迎她。
在书上的这句话中，用大钟作主语是一种拟人手法。
语法 Grammar in use
1．引导时间状语的介词 in, on, at, during, till与 until
（1）用in的时间短语有：
表示一天中的某段时间：
in the morning在早上
in the afternoon/ evening 在下午／晚上
表示月份、年份：
in March 在3月
in September 在9月
in 1984 在1984年
表示季节：
in (the) spring 在春天
in (the) winter 在冬天
in+ 一段时间有两种含义。它可以表示“在某段时间之内”，这时它可以与现在时、过去时或将来时连用，一般与完成某个动作有关：
I always eat my breakfast in ten minutes.
我总是在10分钟之内吃完早饭。
I finished the examination⁶ in two hours.
我在两小时之内做完了考题。
另外，它还可以表示“……时间之后”，与将来时连用：Mother will be back in ten days.
母亲10天后回来。
（2）用on的时间短语有：
表示星期：
on Monday 星期一
on Friday 星期五
on Monday morning/evening 在星期一早上／晚上表示日期：
on June 1st 在6月1日
on 23rd March 在3月23日
（在书写日期时没有冠词，但在口语中则分别读为：on June the first, on the 23rd of March）
表示星期+日期：
on Monday, June 1st 在6月1日，星期一
表示具体时间：
on that day 在那一天
on that evening 在那天晚上
My brother's birthday is on August 12th.我哥哥的生日是8月12日。
（3）用at的时间短语有：
表示确切的时间：
at 10 o'clock 在10点钟
at 5 'clock 在5点钟
表示用餐时间：
at lunch/ dinner time 在午饭／正餐时间
at teatime 在茶点时间
表示其他时刻：
at noon/ night/ midnight⁷ 在中午／夜里／半夜
at this time 在这时
Liz came to see me at ten/ teatime.
莉兹10点／在茶点时来看我了。
（4）during后必须跟一个名词，可以指整个一段时间。它有时可以用in替代：
It was very hot during the summer.
那年夏天很热。
He has phoned four times during the last half hour.
在这半小时内他打了4次电话。
但在下面的例句中则不可用in替代during:
I met him sometime⁸ during the week.
我是在这一周的某天遇见他的。
During the whole winter it never snowed.
整个冬季一直没下雪。
（5）from…till…指一段明确的时间：
The tourist season runs from June till October.
旅游季节从6月一直到10月。
（6）当所用动词只表示一个短暂的动作（如finish, leave）时，则只能在否定句中用till/ until:
I won't leave till/ until Monday.
我要到星期一才离开。
2．否定句的两种形式：not any与 no
对于一般疑问句，可以有两种否定的回答：
否定词no比not any的语气要强，但这两种否定的意义是相同的。no可构成复合词nobody, none, nothing,nowhere⁹; any可构成复合词anybody, anything和anywhere:
在一个句子中通常只能有一个否定词（包括never, hardly等词）：
而除黑人英语外一般不说：* I can't get no eggs.*

　　词汇学习 Word study

1．gather¹
（1）vt. 使集拢，集合，召集：
He gathered a large crowd of people round him.
他在自己周围聚集了一大群人。
（2）vt. 收集，采集，收（庄稼等）：
The children are out in the field gathering¹⁰ flowers.
孩子们在外面地里采花。
It has taken me a lifetime¹¹ to gather all these books.
收集所有这些书花了我一辈子的时间。
（3）vi. 集拢，聚集，集合：
They gathered under the Town Hall clock.
他们聚集在市政厅的大钟下面。
2. refuse
（1）vt. 拒绝（接受、服从等）：
She refused the gift.
她拒绝接受这份礼物。
（2）vt. 拒不，不肯，不愿：
Mary refused to tell her age.
玛丽不愿说出自己的年龄。
John refused to change his mind.
约翰拒不改变主意。
（3）vi. 拒绝，不接受：
I offered to pay him for his help, but he refused.
对于他的帮助我提出给他报酬，但他拒绝了。

　　练习答案

Key to written exercises
1．关键句型练习答案

A 1 We went to the Town Hall on Wednesday evening/ New Year's Eve.
2 The clock would strike twelve in twenty minutes time.
3 The clock stopped at five to twelve.
B 1 in 2 On 3 during/ in 4 in 5 at
6 on…in 7 in 8 at…in 9 until
C (sample answers)
1 The match will begin at 3 o'clock.
2 They bought their house in 1980.
3 The shop is closed from one till two.
4 The children went to school in the morning.
5 He'll finish school in two years' time.
6 Let's go for a walk in the evening.
7 He went to church on Sunday.
2．难点练习答案
A 1 No, I haven't any/ have no money.
2 No, I didn't go anywhere/ went nowhere in the holidays.
3 No, I didn't buy anything/ bought nothing this morning.
4 No, there wasn't anybody/ was nobody present when the accident happened.
B He has no hobbies. He goes nowhere. He sees nobody. He is interested in nothing----except food!
3．多项选择题答案
1 b  2 b  3 d  4 a  5 a  6 b
7 b  8 d  9 b  10 b  11 d  12 c

　　课堂笔记

New words and expressions】 生词和短语
★welcome　n. 欢迎；v. 欢迎
a cold welcome 冷遇
welcome to＋地点
welcome to China
welcome to my home/welcome Home/welcome back
You are welcome./welcome adj.
You are welcome to+地点
★crowd　n. 人群
person
people
crowd :in the crowd
I spotted¹² him in the crowd 一眼看见
a crowd of people 没有次序的人群，拥挤的人群
a group of people 有次序的人群
crowd v.拥挤，挤满
a large crowd of people 一大群人／crowds of people 许多人，人山人海
★gather　v. 聚集
people gathered 人们聚集在一起，尤指自发性的聚集
★hand　n. （表或机器的）指针
hand n.手
minute hand/second hand/hour hand
second hand 二手的，旧的
wait me a moment/wait me a few seconds(for a few secs.)
secs.:seconds的缩写
★shout　v. 喊叫
call out 大声喊叫
cry out 大声哭喊
scream¹³ 尖叫
★refuse　v. 拒绝
★laugh　v. 笑

　　【课文讲解】

A cold welcome 冷遇
cold 冷的，寒冷的，冷淡的
cold fish 冷漠的人
lucky dog　幸运的人
My brother is a cold fish.
What doews "a cold welcome" refer¹⁴ to ?
refer to 指……
On Wednesday evening
in the evening
wednesday修饰evening
Town Hall 市政厅
the last day of the year 一年中的最后一天
a large crowd of the peopley一大群人
had gathered 强调事件的时间是过去的过去
It指clock
strike v.strike the clock敲钟/clock strike钟自己响
knock at the door
Listen,the clock is striking¹⁵.
strike twelve 数字表示敲击的次数
in twenty minutes' time 20分钟之后
in 表示在段时间以后
根据时态判别in 表示的含义
would strike过去将来时，从过去看未来
We will finish class in half an hour.
minutes'名词所有格
It will leave in...minutes'time
in twenty(minutes'time)名词所有格可省略
my mother's ,Kit's,Tom's
名词所有格可以用来表达时间
an hour's time
名词以-s结尾或者本身是以-s结尾的复数名词，所有格加 ’
名词所有格表示时间或距离
How far is the school from here?
3 minutes' walk.
pass 过了
to 没到
...minutes pass...前半小时
25 minutes passed eight
...minutes to ...后半小时
a quarter to nine/15 minutes to nine
时刻指点时间，时间指段时间
时刻前的介词用at
at five to twelve作时间状语
一般过去时the clock stopped
顺序句式...,the clock stopped at five to twelve.
An hour passed and then,he arrived.
...minutes later几分钟以后
some time passed and then,sth happened.
big minute hand 大分针
waited and waited 等啊等啊，强调动作的重复
walked and walked ,run and run
but 然而，表转折
nothing happened
happen vi.事情做主语，事情发生
what happened?
someone shouted 有人大声喊
It's two minutes past twelve!
I go to school at seven o'clock.时间状语
It's nine o'clock;现在9点了
The clock has stopped!现在完成时，强调过去动作导致的结果。
I have had my breakfast.我已经吃过早餐了
I have...
I read a book...
I looked at my watch.
It was true...这是一个事实
It was true that+从句
refuse to do sth.拒绝去做某事
I refuse to leave.我拒绝离开
I refuse to move.我拒绝移动
at that moment :just then就在那时
at the moment: now 现在，此刻，在此时
过去时 began to laugh and sing.

　　〖本课重点〗

1...minutes passed and then,sth.happened.
2.What happened? Nothing happened.
3.It was ture.
Key structures】
When did you arrived?
I arrived at ten o'clock.
at/in/on/others
when...?
in the morning;in the afternoon;in the evening
on Friday;on 15th; on Wednesday evening;on fine afternoon 有修饰词用on
in a week;in January;in Feb.
in summer;in spring; in autumn;in winter
in 1992;in 1999
at night;at noon;at five to twelve;at ten o'clock
until 直到……时候
I can't enter for the sports meeting until tomorrow.
from..to...
Everyday¹⁶ we have English class from 8:30 to 11:30
during 在……期间
in the holiday:强调这段时间其中某一点时间，并不表示自始至终
during the holiday 强调假期的从头到尾
He enjoyed himself during his holiday.
I was caught in an accident in the holiday

　　Exercises B

1.in; 2.on; 3.in没有强调自始自终　4.in
5.at(at the moment=now)　6.on;in　7.in;　8.at;in　 9.until
Special Difficulties】
not...any and no...
any 用于否定句和疑问句中，some用于肯定句
Do you have any friends?
I don't have any friends.
not 用在非实义动词后面，实义动词前面．
not any=no adj.用在名词前面
I have no friends.
Exercise B
He hasn't any hobbies. ---->He has no hobbies.
He does not go anywhere.--->He goes nowhere
He does not see anybody.--->He sees nobody.
He is not interested in anything--except food!---->He is interested in
nothing --execpt food
Mulitiple choice questions】
4.A
people:人们，做主语是一定是复数
police，cattle是复数
8.D
敲门用knock
敲钟用strike
hit轻和strike重(hit hard)在一定的时候可以互换　打一下
beat 连续不断的打　beat drums
12.
deny:否认　拒绝去承认，后面一般加名词
refuse:拒绝

1 gather
vt.使聚集，使聚拢；采集，搜集，收；渐增，积聚，恢复；推测；vi.聚集，聚拢；增加
参考例句：
He likes to gather stamps in his spare time.他业余时间喜欢收集邮票。 I gather information from the internet.我从互联网搜集资料。

2 gathered
v.（使）聚集( gather的过去式和过去分词 )；集合；推断；了解
参考例句：
A crowd soon gathered. 很快就聚集起了一群人。 A great crowd had gathered. 一大群人聚集在一起。

3 strike
vt./vi.(struck；struck/striken)击打；打动
参考例句：
The whip is not used to strike him.鞭子不是用来打击他。 She found a chance to strike at Cage.她找到一个打击凯奇的机会。

4 jack
n.插座，千斤顶，男人；v.抬起，提醒，扛举；n.（Jake）杰克
参考例句：
I am looking for the headphone jack.我正在找寻头戴式耳机插孔。 He lifted the car with a jack to change the flat tyre.他用千斤顶把车顶起来换下瘪轮胎。

5 struck
adj.因罢工而关闭的；被某人/某物打动的；迷恋某人/某物的；（惊得或吓得等）目瞪口呆的v.打( strike的过去式和过去分词 )；击；敲响；报时
参考例句：
His arm was a rapid blur of movement as he struck. 他出击时胳膊快速一晃，令人眼花缭乱。 He struck him with a mighty blow across his shoulder. 他猛一下砸在他的肩膀上。

6 examination
n.考试，考查，试题；检查，调查
参考例句：
Teachers always judge their students on the final examination.老师常根据期末考试来评价他们的学生。 He put up a good show in the final examination.他在期末考试中表现得不错。

7 midnight
n.午夜
参考例句：
The ship pulled in to the shore at midnight.那船半夜时靠岸。 He looked at the moon and made the time to be midnight.他看了看月亮，估计时间是半夜了。

8 sometime
adv.将来某一时候；改天
参考例句：
He came sometime last month.上个月某个时候他曾经来过。 It will happen sometime and somewhere.有朝一日这总会在什么地方发生的。

9 nowhere
adv.任何地方都不；无处，到处都无
参考例句：
There's nowhere else I really want to go to.没有别的地方是我真正想去的。 He had nowhere to go,so I took him in.他无处可去，所以我收留了他。

10 gathering
n.集会，聚会，聚集
参考例句：
He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。 He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。

11 lifetime
n.一生，终身，寿命，使用期限
参考例句：
He wrote many books during his lifetime.他一生著作甚多。 During his lifetime his work was never published.他的作品在他的有生之年从未出版过。

12 spotted
adj.有斑点的，斑纹的，弄污了的
参考例句：
The milkman selected the spotted cows,from among a herd of two hundred.牛奶商从一群200头牛中选出有斑点的牛。 Sam's shop stocks short spotted socks.山姆的商店屯积了有斑点的短袜。

13 scream
n.尖叫声；vi. 尖叫，大笑，尖啸，令人震惊；vt.尖叫着说，大叫大嚷着要求
参考例句：
Don't scream,I can hear what you are saying.别喊，我听得见你说些什么。 He was so funny，he made us scream with laughter.他很有趣，逗得我们哈哈大笑。

14 refer
vi.谈到，提到，涉及，有关
参考例句：
He did not refer to the report from Australia.他没有提到澳大利亚传来的消息。 Don't refer to the matter again.不要再提这件事了。

15 striking
adj.显著的，惹人注目的，容貌出众的
参考例句：
There is a striking difference between Jane and Mary.简和玛丽之间有显著的差异。 What is immediately striking is how resourceful the children are.最令人注目的是孩子们的机智聪明。

16 everyday
adj.每天的，日常的，平常的
参考例句：
Sweeping the floor is his everyday work.扫地是他的日常工作。 He practices speaking English everyday.他每天练习说英语。

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