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新型肺炎,绝不是戴口罩那么简单

由武汉爆发逐渐流向全国乃至全球的新型肺炎疫情在舆论场中发酵。在新增病例被接连报告的同时,春运大潮高峰已经启动。而春运所代表的中国每年最大人口迁徙也许正在被动成为这场高传染性病毒疫情的催化剂。


1月21日,国家卫健委发布2020年第1号文,将新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎纳入《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》规定的乙类传染病,并采取甲类传染病的预防、控制措施。将新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎纳入《中华人民共和国国境卫生检疫法》规定的检疫传染病管理。

对『乙类传染病』没有概念?根据《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》,传染病分为甲类、乙类和丙类。甲类传染病是指:鼠疫、霍乱;乙类传染病是指:传染性非典型肺炎、艾滋病、病毒性肝炎、脊髓灰质炎、人感染高致病性禽流感等。

是的,此次新型冠状病毒与传染性非典型肺炎同类。

疫情严峻,已经引起国家最高领导人关注!中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平指示:必须引起高度重视,全力做好防控工作,坚决遏制疫情蔓延势头

中共中央政治局常委、国务院总理李克强批示:加快查明病毒源头和感染、传播等机理,及时客观发布疫情和防控工作信息,坚决防止疫情扩散蔓延

武汉新型肺炎患者救治均由政府买单 武汉市卫生健康委员会副主任彭厚鹏介绍,此前的政策是凡是确诊的病人,除医保报销外,医疗费全由政府兜底;现在为打好防疫战,更进一步出台规定,凡是在各发热门诊留观的病人,门诊费也均由政府买单。这样无论是门诊还是住院,基本上实现患者零缴费。

我有危险吗?我该怎么办?
临近春运,谁带着病毒,去向哪里?
这会成为下一个非典吗?

这绝不是演习,而是事关人命的安全事件。

但当我想要继续了解,却发现众说纷纭。
各种信息里,夹杂着难读的专业术语与真假难辨的谣言。

我相信肯定有人和我一样。
于是,我询问了医学朋友,阅读了各方信息,核实了每条信息来源,整理出这篇《11问武汉肺炎》。

所有你该知道的都在这里!


1问:
病毒吓人吗?

这次武汉新型冠状病毒,学名叫做2019-nCoV,是SARS近亲。

不少人听到SARS近亲,就吓破了胆。

但中国疾病控制预防中心辟谣,病毒基因相似,不等于病毒致病能力相似。
这次的病毒在传染率和致死率上,都比SARS更为温和。

*BBC跟进武汉肺炎事件


2问:
病毒传染源在哪儿?

这次武汉新型肺炎疫情的相关证据大多指向华南海鲜批发市场。
*国家卫生健康委员会

华南海鲜批发市场有5万平方米,相当于7个足球场。
这里共有1000多家商铺。
大多商家卖海鲜,牛羊肉,也有卖野味的。
野鸡、蛇、虎斑蛙都能买到。
*红星新闻


据地图显示,汉口火车站距离批发市场1.3公里。
同时,批发市场旁边有两所中学,一个人流密集的商业中心——万达广场


169. Don't let yesterday use up too much of today. 别留念昨天了,把握好今天吧。(Will Rogers) 170. If you are not brave enough, no one will back you up. 你不勇敢,没人替你坚强。171. If you don't build your dream, someone will hire you to build theirs. 如果你没有梦想,那么你只能为别人的梦想打工。172. Beauty is all around, if you just open your heart to see. 只要你给自己机会,你会发现你的世界可以很美丽。173. The difference in winning and losing is most often...not quitting. 赢与输的差别通常是--不放弃。(华特·迪士尼) 174. I am ordinary yet unique. 我很平凡,但我独一无二。175. I like people who make me laugh in spite of myself. 我喜欢那些让我笑起来的人,就算是我不想笑的时候。176. Image a new story for your life and start living it. 为你的生命想一个全新剧本,并去倾情出演吧!177. I'd rather be a happy fool than a sad sage. 做个悲伤的智者,不如做个开心的傻子。178. The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams. 未来属于那些相信梦想之美的人。(埃莉诺·罗斯福) 179. Even if you get no applause, you should accept a curtain call gracefully and appreciate your own efforts. 即使没有人为你鼓掌,也要优雅的谢幕,感谢自己的认真付出。180. Don't let dream just be your dream. 别让梦想只停留在梦里。181. A day without laughter is a day wasted. 没有笑声的一天是浪费了的一天。(卓别林) 182. Travel and see the world; afterwards, you will be able to put your concerns in perspective. 去旅行吧,见的世面多了,你会发现原来在意的那些结根本算不了什么。183. The key to acquiring proficiency in any task is repetition. 任何事情成功关键都是熟能生巧。《生活大爆炸》 184. You can be happy no matter what. 开心一点吧,管它会怎样。185. A good plan today is better than a perfect plan tomorrow. 今天的好计划胜过明天的完美计划。186. Nothing is impossible, the word itself says 'I'm possible'! 一切皆有可能!“不可能”的意思是:“不,可能。”(奥黛丽·赫本) 187. Life isn't fair, but no matter your circumstances, you have to give it your all. 生活是不公平的,不管你的境遇如何,你只能全力以赴。188. No matter how hard it is, just keep going because you only fail when you give up. 无论多么艰难,都要继续前进,因为只有你放弃的那一刻,你才输了。     When Paul Jobs was mustered out of the Coast Guard after World War II, he made a wager with his crewmates. They had arrived in San Francisco, where their ship was decommissioned, and Paul bet that he would find himself a wife within two weeks. He was a taut, tattooed engine mechanic, six feet tall, with a passing resemblance to James Dean. But it wasn’t his looks that got him a date with Clara Hagopian, a sweet-humored daughter of Armenian immigrants. It was the fact that he and his friends had a car, unlike the group she had originally planned to go out with that evening. Ten days later, in March 1946, Paul got engaged to Clara and won his wager. It would turn out to be a happy marriage, one that lasted until death parted them more than forty years later. Paul Reinhold Jobs had been raised on a dairy farm in Germantown, Wisconsin. Even though his father was an alcoholic and sometimes abusive, Paul ended up with a gentle and calm disposition under his leathery exterior. After dropping out of high school, he wandered through the Midwest picking up work as a mechanic until, at age nineteen, he joined the Coast Guard, even though he didn’t know how to swim. He was deployed on the USS General M. C. Meigs and spent much of the war ferrying troops to Italy for General Patton. His talent as a machinist and fireman earned him commendations, but he occasionally found himself in minor trouble and never rose above the rank of seaman. Clara was born in New Jersey, where her parents had landed after fleeing the Turks in Armenia, and they moved to the Mission District of San Francisco when she was a child. She had a secret that she rarely mentioned to anyone: She had been married before, but her husband had been killed in the war. So when she met Paul Jobs on that first date, she was primed to start a new life. Clara, however, loved San Francisco, and in 1952 she convinced her husband to move back there. They got an apartment in the Sunset District facing the Pacific, just south of Golden Gate Park, and he took a job working for a finance company as a “repo man,” picking the locks of cars whose owners hadn’t paid their loans and repossessing them. He also bought, repaired, and sold some of the cars, making a decent enough living in the process. There was, however, something missing in their lives. They wanted children, but Clara had suffered an ectopic pregnancy, in which the fertilized egg was implanted in a fallopian tube rather than the uterus, and she had been unable to have any. So by 1955, after nine years of marriage, they were looking to adopt a child. Like Paul Jobs, Joanne Schieble was from a rural Wisconsin family of German heritage. Her father, Arthur Schieble, had immigrated to the outskirts of Green Bay, where he and his wife owned a mink farm and dabbled successfully in various other businesses, including real estate and photoengraving. He was very strict, especially regarding his daughter’s relationships, and he had strongly disapproved of her first love, an artist who was not a Catholic. Thus it was no surprise that he threatened to cut Joanne off completely when, as a graduate student at the University of Wisconsin, she fell in love with Abdulfattah “John” Jandali, a Muslim teaching assistant from Syria. Jandali was the youngest of nine children in a prominent Syrian family. His father owned oil refineries and multiple other businesses, with large holdings in Damascus and Homs, and at one point pretty much controlled the price of wheat in the region. His mother, he later said, was a “traditional Muslim woman” who was a “conservative, obedient housewife.” Like the Schieble family, the Jandalis put a premium on education. Abdulfattah was sent to a Jesuit boarding school, even though he was Muslim, and he got an undergraduate degree at the American University in Beirut before entering the University of Wisconsin to pursue a doctoral degree in political science. In the summer of 1954, Joanne went with Abdulfattah to Syria. They spent two months in Homs, where she learned from his family to cook Syrian dishes. When they returned to Wisconsin she discovered that she was pregnant. They were both twenty-three, but they decided not to get married. Her father was dying at the time, and he had threatened to disown her if she wed Abdulfattah. Nor was abortion an easy option in a small Catholic community. So in early 1955, Joanne traveled to San Francisco, where she was taken into the care of a kindly doctor who sheltered unwed mothers, delivered their babies, and quietly arranged closed adoptions. Joanne had one requirement: Her child must be adopted by college graduates. So the doctor arranged for the baby to be placed with a lawyer and his wife. But when a boy was born—on February 24, 1955—the designated couple decided that they wanted a girl and backed out. Thus it was that the boy became the son not of a lawyer but of a high school dropout with a passion for mechanics and his salt-of-the-earth wife who was working as a bookkeeper. Paul and Clara named their new baby Steven Paul Jobs. When Joanne found out that her baby had been placed with a couple who had not even graduated from high school, she refused to sign the adoption papers. The standoff lasted weeks, even after the baby had settled into the Jobs household. Eventually Joanne relented, with the stipulation that the couple promise—indeed sign a pledge—to fund a savings account to pay for the boy’s college education. There was another reason that Joanne was balky about signing the adoption papers. Her father was about to die, and she planned to marry Jandali soon after. She held out hope, she would later tell family members, sometimes tearing up at the memory, that once they were married, she could get their 别让梦想只停留在梦里。181. A day without laughter is a day wasted. 没有笑声的一天是浪费了的一天。(卓别林) 182. Travel and see the world; afterwards, you will be able to put your concerns in perspective. 去旅行吧,见的世面多了,你会发现原来在意的那些结根本算不了什么。183. The key to acquiring proficiency in any task is repetition. 任何事情成功关键都是熟能生巧。《生活大爆炸》 184. You can be happy no matter what. 开心一点吧,管它会怎样。baby boy back. Arthur Schieble died in August 1955, after the adoption was finalized. Just after Christmas that year, Joanne and Abdulfattah were married in St. Philip the Apostle Catholic Church in Green Bay. He got his PhD in international politics the next year, and then they had another child, a girl named Mona. After she and Jandali divorced in 1962, Joanne embarked on a dreamy and peripatetic life that her daughter, who grew up to become the acclaimed novelist Mona Simpson, would capture in her book Anywhere but Here. Because Steve’s adoption had been closed, it would be twenty years before they would all find each other. Steve Jobs knew from an early age that he was adopted. “My parents were very open with me about that,” he recalled. He had a vivid memory of sitting on the lawn of his house, when he was six or seven years old, telling the girl who lived across the street. “So does that mean your real parents didn’t want you?” the girl asked. “Lightning bolts went off in my head,” according to Jobs. “I remember running into the house, crying. And my parents said, ‘No, you have to understand.’ They were very serious and looked me straight in the eye. They said, ‘We specifically picked you out.’ Both of my parents said that and repeated it slowly for me. And they put an emphasis on every word in that sentence.” Abandoned. Chosen. Special. Those concepts became part of who Jobs was and how he regarded himself. His closest friends think that the knowledge that he was given up at birth left some scars. “I think his desire for complete control of whatever he makes derives directly from his personality and the fact that he was abandoned at birth,” said one longtime colleague, Del Yocam. “He wants to control his environment, and he sees the product as an extension of himself.” Greg Calhoun, who became close to Jobs right after college, saw another effect. “Steve talked to me a lot about being abandoned and the pain that caused,” he said. “It made him independent. He followed the beat of a different drummer, and that came from being in a different world than he was born into.” Later in life, when he was the same age his biological father had been when he abandoned him, Jobs would father and abandon a child of his own. (He eventually took responsibility for her.) Chrisann Brennan, the mother of that child, said that being put up for adoption left Jobs “full of broken glass,” and it helps to explain some of his behavior. “He who is abandoned is an abandoner,” she said. Andy Hertzfeld, who worked with Jobs at Apple in the early 1980s, is among the few who remained close to both Brennan and Jobs. “The key question about Steve is why he can’t control himself at times from being so reflexively cruel and harmful to some people,” he said. “That goes back to being abandoned at birth. The real underlying problem was the theme of abandonment in Steve’s life.” Jobs dismissed this. “There’s some notion that because I was abandoned, I worked very hard so I could do well and make my parents wish they had me back, or some such nonsense, but that’s ridiculous,” he insisted. “Knowing I was adopted may have made me feel more independent, but I have never felt abandoned. I’ve always felt special. My parents made me feel special.” He would later bristle whenever anyone referred to Paul and Clara Jobs as his “adoptive” parents or implied that they were not his “real” parents. “They were my parents 1,000%,” he said. When speaking about his biological parents, on the other hand, he was curt: “They were my sperm and egg bank. That’s not harsh, it’s just the way it was, a sperm bank thing, nothing more.” Silicon Valley The childhood that Paul and Clara Jobs created for their new son was, in many ways, a stereotype of the late 1950s. When Steve was two they adopted a girl they named Patty, and three years later they moved to a tract house in the suburbs. The finance company where Paul worked as a repo man, CIT, had transferred him down to its Palo Alto office, but he could not afford to live there, so they landed in a subdivision in Mountain View, a less expensive town just to the south. There Paul tried to pass along his love of mechanics and cars. “Steve, this is your workbench now,” he said as he marked off a section of the table in their garage. Jobs remembered being impressed by his father’s focus on craftsmanship. “I thought my dad’s sense of design was pretty good,” he said, “because he knew how to build anything. If we needed a cabinet, he would build it. When he built our fence, he gave me a hammer so I could work with him.” Fifty years later the fence still surrounds the back and side yards of the house in Mountain View. As Jobs showed it off to me, he caressed the stockade panels and recalled a lesson that his father implanted deeply in him. It was important, his father said, to craft the backs of cabinets and fences properly, even though they were hidden. “He loved doing things right. He even cared about the look of the parts you couldn’t see.” His father continued to refurbish and resell used cars, and he festooned the garage with pictures of his favorites. He would point out the detailing of the design to his son: the lines, the vents, the chrome, the trim of the seats. After work each day, he would change into his dungarees and retreat to the garage, often with Steve tagging along. “I figured I could get him nailed down with a little mechanical ability, but he really wasn’t interested in getting his hands dirty,” Paul later recalled. “He never really cared too much about m189. It requires hard work to give off an appearance of effortlessness. 你必须十分努力,才能看起来毫不费力。190. Life is like riding a bicycle.To keep your balance,you must keep moving. 人生就像骑单车,只有不断前进,才能保持平衡。(爱因斯坦) 191. Be thankful for what you have.You'll end up having more. 拥有一颗感恩的心,最终你会得到更多。192. Beauty is how you feel inside, and it reflects in your eyes. 美是一种内心的感觉,并反映在你的眼睛里。(索菲亚·罗兰) 193. Friendship doubles your joys, and divides your sorrows. 朋友的作用,就是让你快乐加倍,痛苦减半。194. When you long for something sincerely, the whole world will help you. 当你真心渴望某样东西时,整个宇宙都会来帮忙。echanical things.” “I wasn’t that into fixing cars,” Jobs admitted. “But I was eager to hang out with my dad.” Even as he was growing more aware that he had been adopted, he was becoming more attached to his father. One day when he was about eight, he discovered a photograph of his father from his time in the Coast Guard. “He’s in the engine room, and he’s got his shirt off and looks like James Dean. It was one of those Oh wow moments for a kid. Wow, oooh, my parents were actually once very young and really good-looking.” Through cars, his father gave Steve his first exposure to electronics. “My dad did not have a deep understanding of electronics, but he’d encountered it a lot in automobiles and other things he would fix. He showed me the rudiments of electronics, and I got very interested in that.” Even more interesting were the trips to scavenge for parts. “Every weekend, there’d be a junkyard trip. We’d be looking for a generator, a carburetor, all sorts of components.” He remembered watching his father negotiate at the counter. “He was a good bargainer, because he knew better than the guys at the counter what the parts should cost.” This helped fulfill the pledge his parents made when he was adopted. “My college fund came from my dad paying $50 for a Ford Falcon or some other beat-up car that didn’t run, working on it for a few weeks, and selling it for $250—and not telling the IRS.” The Jobses’ house and the others in their neighborhood were built by the real estate developer Joseph Eichler, whose company spawned more than eleven thousand homes in various California subdivisions between 1950 and 1974. Inspired by Frank Lloyd Wright’s vision of simple modern homes for the American “everyman,” Eichler built inexpensive houses that featured floor-to-ceiling glass walls, open floor plans, exposed post-and-beam construction, concrete slab floors, and lots of sliding glass doors. “Eichler did a great thing,” Jobs said on one of our walks around the neighborhood. “His houses were smart and cheap and good. They brought clean design and simple taste to lower-income people. They had awesome little features, like radiant heating in the floors. You put carpet on them, and we had nice toasty floors when we were kids.” Jobs said that his appreciation for Eichler homes instilled in him a passion for making nicely designed products for the mass market. “I love it when you can bring really great design and simple capability to something that doesn’t cost much,” he said as he pointed out the clean elegance of the houses. “It was the original vision for Apple. That’s what we tried to do with the first Mac. That’s what we did with the iPod.” Across the street from the Jobs family lived a man who had become successful as a real estate agent. “He wasn’t that bright,” Jobs recalled, “but he seemed to be making a fortune. So my dad thought, ‘I can do that.’ He worked so hard, I remember. He took these night classes, passed the license test, and got into real estate. Then the bottom fell out of the market.” As a result, the family found itself financially strapped for a year or so while Steve was in elementary school. His mother took a job as a bookkeeper for Varian Associates, a company that made scientific instruments, and they took out a second mortgage. One day his fourth-grade teacher asked him, “What is it you don’t understand about the universe?” Jobs replied, “I don’t understand why all of a sudden my dad is so broke.” He was proud that his father never adopted a servile attitude or slick style that may have made him a better salesman. “You had to suck up to people to sell real estate, and he wasn’t good at that and it wasn’t in his nature. I admired him for that.” Paul Jobs went back to being a mechanic. His father was calm and gentle, traits that his son later praised more than emulated. He was also resolute. Jobs described one exampl What made the neighborhood different from the thousands of other spindly-tree subdivisions across America was that even the ne’er-do-wells tended to be engineers. “When we moved here, there were apricot and plum orchards on all of these corners,” Jobs recalled. “But it was beginning to boom because of military investment.” He soaked up the history of the valley and developed a yearning to play his own role. Edwin Land of Polaroid later told him about being asked by Eisenhower to help build the U-2 spy plane cameras to see how real the Soviet threat was. The film was dropped in canisters and returned to the NASA Ames Research Center in Sunnyvale, not far from where Jobs lived. “The first computer terminal I ever saw was when my dad brought me to the Ames Center,” he said. “I fell totally in love with it.” Other defense contractors sprouted nearby during the 1950s. The Lockheed Missiles and Space Division, which built submarine-launched ballistic missiles, was founded in 1956 next to the NASA Center; by the time Jobs moved to the area four years later, it employed twenty thousand people. A few hundred yards away, Westinghouse built facilities that produced tubes and electrical transformers for the missile systems. “You had all these military companies on the cutting edge,” he recalled. “It was mysterious and high-tech and made living here very exciting.” In the wake of the defense industries there arose a booming economy based on technology. Its roots stretched back to 1938, when David Packard and his new wife moved into a house in Palo Alto that had a shed where his friend Bill Hewlett was soon ensconced. The house had a garage—an appendage that would prove both useful and iconic in the valley—in which they tinkered around until they had their first product, an audio oscillator. By the 1950s, Hewlett-Packard was a fast-growing company making technical instruments. Fortunately there was a place nearby for entrepreneurs who had outgrown their garages. In a move that would help transform the area into the cradle of the tech revolution, Stanford University’s dean of engineering, Frederick Terman, created a seven-hundred-acre industrial park on university land for private companies that could commercialize the ideas of his students. Its first tenant was Varian Associates, where Clara Jobs worked. “Terman came up with this great idea that did more than anything to cause the tech industry to grow up here,” Jobs said. By the time Jobs was ten, HP had nine thousand employees and was the blue-chip company where every engineer seeking financial stability wanted to work. The most important technology for the region’s growth was, of course, the semiconductor. William Shockley, who had been one of the inventors of the transistor at Bell Labs in New Jersey, moved out to Mountain View and, in 1956, started a company to build transistors using silicon rather than the more expensive germanium that was then commonly used. But Shockley became increasingly erratic and abandoned his silicon transistor project, which led eight of his engineers—most notably Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore—to break away to form Fairchild Semiconductor. That company grew to twelve thousand employees, but it fragmented in 1968, when Noyce lost a power struggle to become CEO. He took Gordon Moore and founded a company that they called Integrated Electronics Corporation, which they soon smartly abbreviated to Intel. Their third employee was Andrew Grove, who later would grow the company by shifting its focus from memory chips to microprocessors. Within a few years there would be more than fifty companies in the area making semiconductors. The exponential growth of this industry was correlated with the phenomenon famously discovered by Moore, who in 1965 drew a graph of the speed of integrated circuits, based on the number of transistors that could be placed on a chip, and showed that it doubled about every two years, a trajectory that could be expected to continue. This was reaffirmed in 1971, when Intel was able to etch a complete central processing unit onto one chip, the Intel 4004, tronic amplifier. “So I raced home, and I told my dad that he was wrong.” “No, it needs an amplifier,” his father assured him. When Steve protested otherwise, his father said he was crazy. “It can’t work without an amplifier. There’s some trick.” “I kept saying no to my dad, telling him he had to see it, and finally he actually walked down with me and saw it. And he said, ‘Well I’ll be a bat out of hell.’” Jobs recalled the incident vividly because it was his first realization that his father did not know everything. Then a more disconcerting discovery began to dawn on him: He was smarter than his parents. He had always admired his father’s competence and savvy. “He was not an educated man, but I had always thought he was pretty damn smart. He didn’t read much, but he could do a lot. Almost everything mechanical, he could figure it out.” Yet the carbon microphone incident, Jobs said, began a jarring process of realizing that he was in fact more clever and quick than his parents. “It was a very big moment that’s burned into my mind. When I realized that I was smarter than my parents, I felt tremendous shame for having thought that. I will never forget that moment.” This discovery, he later told friends, along with the fact that he was adopted, made him feel apart—detached and separate—from both his family and the world. Another layer of awareness occurred soon after. Not only did he discover that he was brighter than his parents, but he discovered that they knew this. Paul and Clara Jobs were loving parents, and they were willing to adapt their lives to suit a son who was very smart—and also willful. They would go to great lengths to accommodate him. And soon Steve discovered this fact as well. “Both my parents got me. They felt a lot of responsibility once they sensed that I was special. They found ways to keep feeding me stuff and putting me in better schools. They were willing to defer to my needs.” So he grew up not only with a sense of having once been abandoned, but also with a sense that he was special. In his own mind, that was more important in the formation of his personality. School Even before Jobs started elementary school, his mother had taught him how to read. This, however, led to some problems once he got to school. “I was kind of bored for the first few years


*高德地图


3问:
病毒来自动物吗?
鸡鸭鱼还可以吃吗?
 
目前病毒来源尚不明确。*国家卫生健康委员会,1月19日
 
但因为大部分患者都是海鲜市场经营人员。*武汉卫健委
所以可能与华南海鲜城——大型海鲜和活体动物销售市场有关联。*美国CDC免疫呼吸系统疾病中心主任Nancy Messonnier,1月17日

之前两次大型冠状病毒流感都是在动物中传播流行。
SARS是果子狸传播给人类,而MERS是从单峰骆驼传播到沙特阿拉伯人。

但这次,相关专家追查动物源后,在动物样本中没检出病毒,尚未锁定病毒源头。*香港相关部门前往武汉了解疫情,1月15日



4问:
目前武汉怎么样了?
有多少人患病?
有人死亡吗?

为方便大家看到扩散趋势,我们特意做了个表格。

数据来源:武汉市卫生健康委员会官方网站

据估计,武汉潜在感染者可能有1723个,远超当前通报病例数。
*1月17日,世卫组织传染病建模合作中心、英国帝国理工学院MRC全球传染病分析中心发表报告

目前共有3位患者去世。

第1位是61岁男性,他常来华南海鲜市场购物。
接受治疗前有4天呼吸非常困难,又因为自身患有肿瘤和肝病。
最后抢救困难,呼吸循环衰竭去世。

第2位是69岁熊某,男性,从发病到死亡短短16天。
他入院前自身也患有严重心肌炎,肺结核等疾病。
1月15号凌晨,抢救无效死亡。
*财新网

年纪大且自身患病的人,很容易扛不住这次病毒的侵袭。
而就在今天凌晨,武汉卫健委更新数据,死亡增加到3人。


5问:
我会被传染上吗?

病毒主要通过飞沫传播、接触传播。*深圳市卫生健康委员会

不确定病毒会在人与人之间持续存在传播。
*世界卫生组织发言人塔里克·亚沙雷维奇

目前受传染患者以男性为主,40-60中老年发病人数较多。
年龄较大,有基础性疾病患者,易进展为重症。*人民网
暂未发现儿童患者。


6问:
有治疗药物吗?
有疫苗吗?

没有。
 
新发疾病需一定时间才能研发出接种疫苗,而开发新疫苗,可能需要数年时间。*世界卫生组织
能否恢复靠自身免疫力。*同济医生


7问:
我离病毒有多远?

除武汉外,各地也陆续发现患者。

浙江/5例
1月17日以来,温州、舟山、台州、杭州陆续发现5人感染肺炎。
患者是从武汉来浙江的人,目前均在定点医院隔离治疗。

广东/1例
1月19日,一位66岁广东男性,赴武汉探亲后,出现发热、乏力症状。
回到深圳后确诊,现已在深圳市内定点医院隔离治疗。

北京/2例
1月20日,患病感染2人,曾去武汉旅游,病情平稳。

上海/1例
一位56岁女性,1月12日从武汉来沪,后感到发热、乏力,1月15日就诊后即被收治入院隔离治疗。

国外也有传染案例。

泰国/2例
1月8日,一名61岁中国女性搭乘武汉飞泰国曼谷航班,被检测出肺炎。
1月17日,一名74岁中女性,被确诊为武汉肺炎。
目前,两名确诊患者在泰国接受治疗。
*泰国公共卫生部

日本/1例
1月16日,一名30多岁男子前往武汉后,返回神奈川,发现患上肺炎。
他之前没有出入过华南海鲜市场,但曾与肺炎患者有过亲密接触
经检测确诊感染新型冠状病毒,为日本国首例。
目前,男子病情正在恢复。
*日本厚生劳动省


韩国/1例
1月20日,一名35岁中国女性从武汉飞往韩国仁川机场,入境时发现高烧。
被确诊为武汉肺炎,和她同机的乘客和机组人员正接受检查。
*韩联社

此外,据BBC报道,还在香港、新加坡等地发现了多名肺炎可疑病例。
但均未得到确诊。

8问:
我得了的话,会有什么症状?

早期,发热、咳嗽、呼吸急促困难。*丁香医生
目前肺炎潜伏期最长为12天。

有位49岁的女性,是华南海鲜市场商户。
刚开始总发烧,体温在37到38℃,时不时胸闷,咳嗽有痰。
4天后,不发烧了,但是仍然咳嗽乏力。
最后去三级医院检查,确诊是不明原因肺炎。
*首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院《新型冠状病毒感染肺炎感染肺炎疾病特点和诊疗》



9问:
我们目前做了哪些措施?

① 全力救人!
 
12月31日,国家卫健委专家组立即抵达现场。
武汉市也组织了同济医院、省疾控中心、中科院武汉病毒所等多位专家进行会诊。

看病时,医生们穿得严严实实,现场情况有多严重可想而知。
但病人们却不是人人都戴着口罩。
 

②关闭海鲜市场!
 
疫情爆发后,华南海鲜市场已暂停营业。
一些穿着厚厚白色防护服的工作人员,在周边进行卫生排查。

市场内所有商户门窗紧闭,周围拉起了好几条警戒线。

*新京报

休市整治公告贴出来,何时重新开业却不知道。
只有一句:另行通知。
 

③禁止活禽销售!

武汉副市长陈邂馨发话:
对武汉加大农(集)贸市场管控。坚决禁止活禽销售,严厉打击野生动物交易。
 
④武汉出入境检查!
 
机场、火车站、长途汽车站、客运码头,全部安装红外线测温仪
加强离汉旅客的体温监测工作,对出现发热的旅客进行登记。
*央视新闻,1月14日起

*武汉某飞机

⑤研制检测工具!

国家相关科研机构迅速研发出「病毒核酸检测试剂盒」,并进行技术优化。 *武汉市金银潭医院副院长黄朝林,1月19日

该产品仅用于对新型冠状病毒以及其他冠状病毒的检测,不用于治疗。
*澎湃新闻

所以大家看到近两天武汉诊断人数增长,有部分原因是优化后的试剂盒应用起来了。

⑥信息公开!

自2019年12月31日,武汉市卫健委首次通报披露疫情以来。
21天里已发布17次公告,16次关于本次肺炎疫情情况。



中国疾控系统正在面对一场意外考验。
各方合力,关关难过,关关过。


10问:
有哪些谣言不能信?

①武汉爆发的神秘病毒已被证实为新型SARS病毒
假。
病原体是新型冠状病毒,绝非SARS病毒!

②我们医院已经有好几例严密隔离开来了,据说80%是非典。
假。
新型冠状病毒并非SARS。
隔离是因为根据《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》,隔离是对病人和公众健康负责。
*以上来源于中国疾病控制预防中心,1月18日

③武汉天河机场病人上飞机,全员在飞机上等死。
假。
公众号「牧子尧」散播谣言,武汉机场官方辟谣。
目前武汉警方已查处 8 名谣言发布者。

④是口罩就买!
假。
最近肺炎事件出来,口罩销量一下就抬起来了。
但必须跟大家强调一遍,⚠️不是所有口罩都管用的。
只有医用外科口罩和N95口罩是真正有用!


医用外科口罩对于细菌、病毒的抵抗能力较强,可用于防流感。
更高级的N95口罩,最大特点就可以预防飞沫传染。
美国职业安全与健康管理局(OSHA)针对医疗机构规定,暴露在结核病菌下的医务人员必须佩戴N95标准以上的口罩。


11问:
我怎样可以预防?

世界卫生组织已经帮我们列好了预防措施,就在下面这四张图里。
我不允许你没看过!!

左滑查看图片👈

写在最后:

还有一些话,我很想跟大家说。

疫情发展到现在,能做的都做了,我们但求无愧于心。
而下一步要面临的困难,也特别明显。

大家都知道武汉这座城市,中部要塞,九省通衢。
在中国想要去哪,都很难绕开这座城市。
人流密集,更容易加剧病毒传播。

不仅如此,摆在眼前的,还有春运。
前几天官方刚通报今年春运,全国旅客发送量达到约30亿人次。
武汉有100万大学生,他们会从这里拎着行李箱,回到老家。


说这些不是想加剧大家的恐慌,明眼人都能看出来这些困难。

但我更想做的一件事,是给大家信心。
因为更可怕的事,我们早就经历过。

2003年,非典肆虐。全国8069人感染,774人去世。
大半中国都陷入疾病恐慌中。


当年,我们输在不够坦诚,输在不够透明。
广州某医院呼吸科主任李建国护送病人下楼时,戴了整整12层口罩。
几十名医生护士感染住院。
然而这时,新华社发布一条消息——《广东非典型肺炎已得到有效控制》。
一边水深火热,一边盛世太平。

这直接导致非典席卷北京时,很多医生当时就慌了。
北大医院急诊科护士杨璐说:「非典刚来时,大家不知道严重性,许多人只戴了一层薄薄的纸口罩」。

但当年,我们赢在速度和决心。

我们在北京小汤山,8天建成了世界最大传染病医院。
4000多人和500台机器同时施工,北京6大建设集团全部上阵。
搭成了508间病房,千张野战病床。

这次病毒比不上SARS,我们更没有理由不去信任国家。

之前我们犯的错,没有再犯了。
如今官方每天通报肺炎进展情况,没有耽搁。

之前没有的技术,我们有了。


目前武汉有中国最高级别的病毒研究实验室P4实验室,
也是亚洲拥唯一一个最高等级的病毒实验室。
我们也是世界上为数不多,对于疫情有治疗经验的国家。

当考验来临时,要做的只有团结:
万众一心,众志成城。拿下这场战役!



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