【预习】初中英语语法《名词所有格》视频讲解+知识点+练习

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名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系。有两种表示形式：一种是's 所有格，另一种是of 所有格。

1．名词所有格的构成

1）表示有生命的名词，在单数名词或不以s 结尾的复数名词后加“ 's ”, 在以s 结尾的名词后只加“ ’”

如：the boy’sschoolbag 这男孩的书包

    the worker’s shoes 这个二人的鞋

   the teachers’ office 老师们的办公室

   the students’ classroom 学生们的教室

   Women’s Day 妇女节

   the People’s Park 人民公园

2）表示无生命的名词所有格用“ of +无生命名词”来表示。

如：the name ofthe ship 船的名字

a map of china 一张中国的地图

the door of the room  房间的门

3）双重所有格有两种形式：① of +名词所有格 ②of+名词性物主代词

（人大附中，三帆，清华附，五中初一考过）公式为：a, an, this, that +名词+of +名词性物主代词。

如：a friend ofmine 我朋友中的一个

each brother of his 他的每个哥哥

a friend of my brother's 我哥哥的一个朋友（相当于：one of my brother's friends)

a pen of yours 你的一只钢笔

注意：a photo ofmy father's （我父亲若干照片中的一张，不一定是父亲本人）

       a photo of my father （指照片上的人就是父亲自己）

2．名词所有格的用法 

1）表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词用 's 所有格来表示。

如：today'snewspaper 今天的报纸

     ten minutes' break  十分钟的休息 （比较：ten-minutebreak)

     China's capital    中国的首都

     Beijing's weather  北京的天气

2）表示店铺，医院，诊所，住宅等名称时，常在名词后加上's 代表全称。

如：thedoctor's 医生的诊室

     my uncle's 我叔叔家

     thebaker's  面包店

3）用and 连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系，这时只在最后的一个名词后加‘s

如：Lily andLucy's mother is a nurse. 莉莉和露西的妈妈是一个护士。

4）用and连接两个并列名词，表示分别拥有各自的物品时两个名词都在词尾加's 表示所有关系。

如：These are Tom's and Mary's bags. 这些是汤姆和玛丽的包。

易错点清单

1. 由“a pair( a kind, series...)+ of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“pairs(kinds...)+of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：

A pair of sunglasses is lying on the table. 衣服太阳镜放在桌子上。

This pair of trousers isvery new, but Tom’s trousers are very old.

2. “数词+名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词，中间的名词不能用复数形式而须用单数形式。如：

如：   She is an eight-year-old girl.   她是一个八岁的女孩。（eight-year-old不能说成eight-years-old)

比较：The girl is eight years old.  那个女孩八岁了。  

a five-pound note 一张五英镑的纸币

a 100-meter race  百米赛跑

a ten-story- highbuilding 一栋十层高的楼房。

3. 有些名词既是可数名词又是不可数名词，但意义有所不同。如：

work(工作）——a work (著作）

glass(玻璃）——a glass(玻璃杯）

paper（纸）——a paper(报纸，文件试卷）

room(空间）—— a room(房间）

名词拓展  变名词

1.   变表示职业的名词

(1)+er

farmer   worker  teacher

singer   dancer  photographer

waiter  player   reporter

listener   writer    reader

runner   owner      foreigner   

(2)+or

doctor    visitor  actor

conductor   inventor  director

translator  professor    monitor 

operator   donor     

(3)+ian

musician   librarian  veterinarian

Australian    Canadian  Indian

Brazilian     American

(4)+ist

artist    dentist  scientist

tourist   journalist   specialist

optometrist   pianist  violinist

psychologist     terrorist

(5)+man

postman   fisherman 

Englishman    Frenchman

2. 变表示抽象名词

(1)+t(s)ion

invention   collection   pronunciation

donation  pollution   association

solution  discussion   congratulation

suggestion   permission    attention

situation   donation   

(2)+ment

agreement   appointment

development    advertisement

environment     commitment

equipment   argument  

(3)+ty

safety   popularity   

difficulty   activity    beauty  

(4)+th

death   growth  truth   youth

wealth   health   length   

(5)+ness

illness   goodness

business   kindness   darkness   

(6)+ance     

appearance  

(7)ship

friendship    hardship

(8)t变ce

different → difference  

important → importance

confident → confidence 

convenient → convenience

silent  → silence

(9)其它

fail → failure   proud → pride   

high → height  weigh → weight   

fly → flight success → succeed   

speak → speech please→ pleasure

实战演练

一.翻译下面的短语。

1.安的帽子__________

2.露茜和莉莉合用的卧室__________

3.妇女节________________

4.女孩子们的图画

5.书桌的腿__________________

6.一幅四川地图________________

7.我哥哥的一位好朋友

8.他妹妹的照片__________

9.我的猫的名字_________________

10.这些是杰克和约翰的钢笔____________

二.名词所有格练习.

1. ______(李明的父母)work in a big hospital.

2. This is_______(我妹妹的语文书)

3. _______(双胞胎的卧室) are very nice.

4. ________(王平和王明的父亲) is a hotel manager.

5. Is this_________(你的好朋友的钢笔) ?

6. They are______(Peter 和Sam的老师).

7. __________(教师节) is on September 10^th .

8. ________(学生们的桌椅) are very new.

9. We are very happy on___________(儿童节).

10. He is in__________(老师的办公室) now.

11. Please open____________(教室的门).

12. ________(赵敏的鞋) are white.

13. _________________(林红和张蔚的学校) is big and new.

14. _________(John和Sally的母亲) are American.

15. ________(刘伟的妻子的朋友) is from Guangzhou.

16. ___________(Tony哥哥的电脑) is broken.

17. It’s _________(妇女节) on March 8^th.

18. Are these________(男生们的书包) ?

19. That is____________(Tom和李雷的教室).

20. __________(我父亲的和她父亲的朋友) are from Beijing.

三.用所给词的适当形式填空：

1.March 8th is __________Day. (woman).

2.Taking twenty __________(分钟) exercise every day is good for your health.

3.The shop sells ____________(妇女) handbags.

4.Teachers in western countries have a__________(三个月的) holiday in a year.

5.I’ll give my English teacher a card for____________Day. (teacher)

6.It’s only ten __________walk from thestation to the hotel. (minute)

7.It’s an __________(hour) ride from here tothe museum.

四.选择填空：

（ ）1.----How’s Joy’s skirt?

----Her skirt is more beautiful than________.

A.her sister’s and Kate B.her sister andKate

C.her sister and Kate’s D.her sister’s andKate’s

（ ）2．This is _______ room. The twin sisters like it very much.

A.Lucy’s and Lily’s B.Lucy’s and Lily C.Lucyand Lily’s

（ ）3．In ______ time, those mountains will be covered with trees, too.

A.few years B.a few years’ C.a few year D.afew year’s

（ ）4．We will have a ___________holiday after the exam.

A. two month B. two–month C. two month’s D.two–months

（ ）5．Did you hear the ___________report?

A. policemen B. policemen’s C. policemens’D. policemens

（ ）6．It’s about __________walk from my home.

A. ten minute B. ten minutes’ C. tenminute’s D. ten minutes

（ ）7．This is my dress. That one is ______________.

A. Mary B. Mary’s C. sister D. mother

（ ）8．Every morning Mr. Smith takes a ________ to his office.

A. 20 minutes walk B. 20 minute’s walk C. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk

（ ）9．Where is ___________ sweater ? I can’t seeit.

A. Lucy B. Lucys C. Lucy’s D.Lucy’s and Lily’s

（ ）10．__________ mothers made them have piano lessons.

A. Peter and Anne B. Peter’s and Anne’s

C. Peter’s and Anne D. Peter and Anne’s

（ ）11．The room on the right is ________.

A. her B. she C. Lucy’s D. Lucy

（ ）12．We’ll have a ____________ holiday. Whatabout going to the West Lake?

A. two days B. two-day C. two-days

D. two-days’（两天的假期：twodays’ holiday/two-day holiday）

（ ）13．The market isn’t far from here. It’s only ___________ bicycle ride.

A. half an hours’ B. half an hour’s C. halfan hour D. an hour and a half

（ ）14．Where’s your father ? At _________.

A. Mr Green’s B. Mr. Green C. the Mr.Green’s

（ ）15．The twin brothers always put small presents in _______stockings onChristmas Day.

A. each other’s B. each other C. each othersD. each others’

（ ）16．My father will have a _________ holiday next month. He’ll take me to Qingdao.

A. ten days B. ten days’ C. ten-days D. tenday’s

（ ）17．Where have you been these days?

I have been to Bei Daihe with a friend__________.

A. in Chinese B. of Japan C. of American’sD. fromCanada

（ ）18．When we saw the film Hero, I sat between Ted and Ben. That is to saymy seat was between ____________.

A. Ted and Ben B. Ted’s and Ben C. Ted andBen’s D. Ted’s and Ben’s

（ ）19．It is said that SARS has killed more than _______________ peopleworldwide.

A. three hundreds  B. three hundreds’ 

C. three hundred’s   D.three hundred

（ ）20．Kate won the _______ race in the summer sports meeting.

A. 100-metre B. 100-metres C. 100 metre D.100 metre’s (同12题)

（ ）21．Whose bike is it ? It’s ____________.

A. John B. John’s C. Johns’ D. Johns

（ ）22．I’ll give you ________to finish the work.OK.

A. two week’s time B. two weeks’ time

C. two week time D. two weeks time

（ ）23．________ desk is the cleanest in the classroom.

A. Ann’s and Tom B. Ann and Tom’s C. Ann andTom D. Ann’s and Tom’s

（ ）24．My pen is black. _________ is blue.

A. Kates B. Kate C. Kate’s

（ ）25．Is this your room? No, it’s _________room.

A. the children B. the children’s C. of thechildren D. the childrens’

（ ）26．Who is the man in the blue car? He is __________ father.

A. Kate’s and Mary’s B. Kate and Mary’s C.Kate and Mary D. of Kate and Mary

参考答案：

一.翻译下面的短语。

1.Ann's hat

2.Lucy and Lily's bedroom

3.Women's Day

4.the girls' pictures

5.the legs of the desk

6.a map of Sichuan

7.a good friend of my brother's

8.his sister's photo/a photo of his sister

9.my cat's name／/the name of my cat

10.These are Jack's and John's pens

二.名词所有格练习.

1.Lingming’s parents

2.my sister’s Chinese book.

3.The twins’ bedrooms.

4.Wang Ping and Wang Ming’s father.

5.a pen of your good friend’s.

6.Peter’s and Sam’s teachers.

7.Teachers’ Day

8.The studemts’desks and chairs.

9.Children’s Day.

10.teachers’ office.

11.the door of the classroom.

12.Zhao Min’s shoes.

13.Lin Hong and ZhangWei’s school.

14.John’s and Sally’s mothers.

15.Liu Wei’s wife’s friend.

16.Tony’s brother’s computer.

17.Women’s Day.18.boys’ bags.

19.Tom and Li Lei’s classroom.

20.My father’s and her father’s friends.

三.用所给词的适当形式填空：

1.Women’s

2. minutes’

3. women’s

4. three months’

5. Teachers’

6. minutes’

7. hour’s

四.选择填空：

1－5 DCBBB 6－10 BBDCB 

11－15 CBBAA 16－20 BDDDA 

21－26 BBBCBB

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